Passage 2 First impressions are often lasting ones. Indeed, if you play our cards right, you can enjoy the benefits of what is called “halo(光环) effects”. This means that if you are viewed positively within the critical first four minutes, the person you have met will likely assume everything you do is positive. Four minutes! Studies tell us that is the critical period in which impressions are formed by someone we’ve just met. People tend to focus on what they see (dress, eye contact, movement), on what they hear (how fast or slowly we talk, our voice, tone and volume), and on our actual words. Most employers believe that those who look as if they care about themselves are more likely to care about their jobs. We know “It’s what’s inside that counts,” but research shows that physically attractive people are generally perceived by employers as more intelligent, likable and believable. Here’s how to make those critical four minutes count: First, look your best. It signals success. Studies have linked clothing consciousness to high self-respect and job satisfaction. Second, monitor your body language. How you move and gesture will greatly influence an interviewer’s first impression of you. Third, say what you mean. Your goal is to show confidence and be believed. Hold that favorable first impression by making your words consistent with your body language and appearance. Finally, there is a matter of how you speak. Any professional voice coach will tell you that you can learn to sound more relaxed, more assertive(坚定的) and more confident.

What kind of person is likely to be accepted by the employer （）

A:One who is physically excellent B:One who is capable of talking C:One who is fairly modest D:One who cares about oneself

Passage 2 First impressions are often lasting ones. Indeed, if you play our cards right, you can enjoy the benefits of what is called “halo(光环) effects”. This means that if you are viewed positively within the critical first four minutes, the person you have met will likely assume everything you do is positive. Four minutes! Studies tell us that is the critical period in which impressions are formed by someone we’ve just met. People tend to focus on what they see (dress, eye contact, movement), on what they hear (how fast or slowly we talk, our voice, tone and volume), and on our actual words. Most employers believe that those who look as if they care about themselves are more likely to care about their jobs. We know “It’s what’s inside that counts,” but research shows that physically attractive people are generally perceived by employers as more intelligent, likable and believable. Here’s how to make those critical four minutes count: First, look your best. It signals success. Studies have linked clothing consciousness to high self-respect and job satisfaction. Second, monitor your body language. How you move and gesture will greatly influence an interviewer’s first impression of you. Third, say what you mean. Your goal is to show confidence and be believed. Hold that favorable first impression by making your words consistent with your body language and appearance. Finally, there is a matter of how you speak. Any professional voice coach will tell you that you can learn to sound more relaxed, more assertive(坚定的) and more confident.

If you want to benefit from the so-called “halo-effect”, you have to learn how to （）.

A:create a favorable impression B:act as if you were playing cards C:dress D:talk

（） online shopping has changed our life , not all of its effects have been positive.

A:Since B:After C:While D:Unless

The sudden up thrust of warm, moist air into the terrible cold of the frozen heights is what creates thunder. The sudden stronger rubbing together or two unlike forces (very warm air against very cold air) develops a kind of electricity called" static electricity". Its charges pro duce lightning and thunder. (46) Thus the violence of the thunderstorm is an almost direct result of millions of warm water drops being thrown into compatible masses of ice crystals--hitting them , rolling over them, melting them, or being frozen by them into snow or hail.
Exactly how the electric charge is developed by the many, complex forces of this battle of heat and cold is still a matter of opinion. Some scientists think the action of wind against the rain is the principal factor. (47) These scientists believe the wind tears off the outer surface of each falling drops, like pulling a sweater over a child’s head, making a fine negative charge while leaving the main part of the rain drop positive. Other scientists believe that the friction of snow crystals breaking in the wind sets up the electrical charge. In reality it may well be all these factors--and more--that combine to do the work.
(48) In any case, huge masses ’of electrically charged raindrops and hailstones become sorted into positive and negative reserves of electrical energy at different parts of the thundercloud, creating between them fields of very great extremes. When the resistance between these fields breaks down, the energy that is suddenly discharged is lightning.
I do not know of any case of lightning directly causing an airplane accident, Cattle and sheep are more likely to be struck by lightning than are airplanes or houses. There is a recorded case that occurred on a mountainside in the western part of the United States in which one bolt of lightning killed 835 sheep. (49) Evidently the hard, dry earth offered more resistance to the lightning than the route of traveling from the ground, up one leg of an animal, through its moist’ body, and down another leg.
A person’ s chances of being killed by a thunderstorm are not very great. In the United States an average of one person in 265000 dies as a result of a thunderstorm. Today houses, ships, airplanes, and electric power lines are well protected against lightning, and the. risk is de- creasing. Even a man whose work exposes him almost daily to lightning can do something about it. (50) Despite the saying that one never knows if lightning strikes him, a person can sometimes feel the bolt coming and, if quick enough take protective action in time.

(47) These scientists believe the wind tears off the outer surface of each falling drops, like pulling a sweater over a child’s head, making a fine negative charge while leaving the main part of the rain drop positive.

这些科学家认为，风把落下的每滴雨点的外层表面刮掉，就像从小孩子头顶把运动衫扒掉一样，这样风给雨点的主体充了正电，而同时又给雨点充了少许负电。”

The sudden up thrust of warm, moist air into the terrible cold of the frozen heights is what creates thunder. The sudden stronger rubbing together or two unlike forces (very warm air against very cold air) develops a kind of electricity called" static electricity". Its charges pro duce lightning and thunder. (46) Thus the violence of the thunderstorm is an almost direct result of millions of warm water drops being thrown into compatible masses of ice crystals--hitting them , rolling over them, melting them, or being frozen by them into snow or hail.
Exactly how the electric charge is developed by the many, complex forces of this battle of heat and cold is still a matter of opinion. Some scientists think the action of wind against the rain is the principal factor. (47) These scientists believe the wind tears off the outer surface of each falling drops, like pulling a sweater over a child’s head, making a fine negative charge while leaving the main part of the rain drop positive. Other scientists believe that the friction of snow crystals breaking in the wind sets up the electrical charge. In reality it may well be all these factors--and more--that combine to do the work.
(48) In any case, huge masses ’of electrically charged raindrops and hailstones become sorted into positive and negative reserves of electrical energy at different parts of the thundercloud, creating between them fields of very great extremes. When the resistance between these fields breaks down, the energy that is suddenly discharged is lightning.
I do not know of any case of lightning directly causing an airplane accident, Cattle and sheep are more likely to be struck by lightning than are airplanes or houses. There is a recorded case that occurred on a mountainside in the western part of the United States in which one bolt of lightning killed 835 sheep. (49) Evidently the hard, dry earth offered more resistance to the lightning than the route of traveling from the ground, up one leg of an animal, through its moist’ body, and down another leg.
A person’ s chances of being killed by a thunderstorm are not very great. In the United States an average of one person in 265000 dies as a result of a thunderstorm. Today houses, ships, airplanes, and electric power lines are well protected against lightning, and the. risk is de- creasing. Even a man whose work exposes him almost daily to lightning can do something about it. (50) Despite the saying that one never knows if lightning strikes him, a person can sometimes feel the bolt coming and, if quick enough take protective action in time.

These scientists believe the wind tears off the outer surface of each falling drops, like pulling a sweater over a child’s head, making a fine negative charge while leaving the main part of the rain drop positive.

这些科学家认为，风把落下的每滴雨点的外层表面刮掉，就像从小孩子头顶把运动衫扒掉一样，这样风给雨点的主体充了正电，而同时又给雨点充了少许负电。”

Earlier this year, 13-year-old Shannon Sullivan was socializing in the same way as dozens of her classmates. She maintained a personalized page on a website that contained her photograph and details about what makes her unique. But then her mother found out. And now her site and those of her friends—once lovingly adorned with everything from sound bites to video clips—are fast disappearing at the insistence of their safety-minded parents.
" They’re not aware how easily something predatory can happen over the Internet, " says Shannon’s mother, Margaret, " Maybe when they’re older, in college or something, but it’s just not safe before that. "
Internet stalkers have killed at least four minors in the past three years, and law enforcement authorities count about 5,000 reports of attempted sexual predation over the Internet in the past year, according to Parry Arab, executive director of an Internet safety organization. Given such statistics, parents need to get over the feeling that they’re invading their children’s privacy by reading their blogs, Ms. Aftab says. She believes that parents must bring their judgment to bear on the content of what’s posted.
Others fear, however, that certain precautions could amount to swatting a fly with a sledgehammer, and could take a hefty toll on family life. The likelihood of tragedy is far greater whenever a child rides in a car or goes swimming than when he or she posts his or her name, photograph, and other personal information on the Internet, says Laurence Steinberg, an expert in adolescent psychology at Temple University. " The downside of prohibiting it is worse than the downside of allowing it, " he says. " A good parent-child relationship is based on trust. I think people do get especially worked up for some reason over the Internet. But snooping on what your child does on the Internet, to me in some ways, is no different from reading your child’s diary. "
Though the value of pursuing a reasonable level of safety goes undisputed in this discussion, adults differ on the value of increasing a child’s freedom and privacy over time, especially in cyberspace. Aftab supports adolescent privacy with pen-and-paper diaries, for instance, because the content there is " between the child and the page, " whereas website content is " for the whole world to see. " Posting private Web content before age 16 only invites trouble, she says, yet many teens do it in a highly public bid for " attention, recognition, and affection. "
Still, Steinberg says, while parents need to monitor Web usage by teens, they also should accept that they won’t always know everything about a child’s life, especially as children become older teens. " There are going to be lots of things that I don’t know about in my child’s life, and that’s OK, " Steinberg says. " It’s part of the development process. /
What are the attitudes of Aftab and Steinberg towards parents’ precautions

A:The former is positive while the latter negative. B:The former is negative while the latter positive. C:Both are negative. D:Both are positive.

Cirque du Soleil (say it: Serk du So-lay) is being accused of out-dated thinking about the dangers of AIDS. It is a modem acrobatic circus from Canada that tours in the United States and other countries.
Last April, the company fired Matthew Cusick because he was HIV positive. This was after he spent four months learning his part in an act.
A spokesman for the circus said Cusick was fired for safety reasons. They said he was a danger to others.
He disagreed.
Hundreds of people picketed a show in San Francisco. They said that firing him was not legal.
Cusick says the company knew he was HIV positive when they hired him. R was not fair to let him put so much time into learning his act, and then fire him before he performed.
He says he is not a danger to others. People can only get AIDS if infected blood contacts another person’s blood, or open wound.
The company says what their acrobats do is very, very dangerous. They perform tricks without nets. Someone might fall and get hurt. It could be bloody. They say it is too risky to let a person with HIV take part in an act.
People who run the circus say it hurts to be accused of discrimination,
Matthew Cusick says he feels hurt that he can’t perform in the big blue and yellow tent.
Dozens of artists, actors, writers and entertainers got involved in protesting the firing of Matthew Cusick, Some names you might know are: the Actors’ Equity Union (45,000 members), Rosie O’Donnell, Rod McKuen, and Chad Allen, They also protested at a showing in Orange County. They said "HIV discrimination is unacceptable./
Cirque du Soleil officials said their top concern was ______ .

A:regulations against job discrimination B:the safety of other performers and the audiences C:doing the right thing D:making a lot of money

Cirque du Soleil (say it: Serk du So-lay) is being accused of out-dated thinking about the dangers of AIDS. It is a modem acrobatic circus from Canada that tours in the United States and other countries.
Last April, the company fired Matthew Cusick because he was HIV positive. This was after he spent four months learning his part in an act.
A spokesman for the circus said Cusick was fired for safety reasons. They said he was a danger to others.
He disagreed.
Hundreds of people picketed a show in San Francisco. They said that firing him was not legal.
Cusick says the company knew he was HIV positive when they hired him. R was not fair to let him put so much time into learning his act, and then fire him before he performed.
He says he is not a danger to others. People can only get AIDS if infected blood contacts another person’s blood, or open wound.
The company says what their acrobats do is very, very dangerous. They perform tricks without nets. Someone might fall and get hurt. It could be bloody. They say it is too risky to let a person with HIV take part in an act.
People who run the circus say it hurts to be accused of discrimination,
Matthew Cusick says he feels hurt that he can’t perform in the big blue and yellow tent.
Dozens of artists, actors, writers and entertainers got involved in protesting the firing of Matthew Cusick, Some names you might know are: the Actors’ Equity Union (45,000 members), Rosie O’Donnell, Rod McKuen, and Chad Allen, They also protested at a showing in Orange County. They said "HIV discrimination is unacceptable./
Acrobats and gymnasts are in danger of hurting themselves in Cirque du Soleil performances because ______ .

A:they haven’t practiced enough B:the equipment is in need of repairs C:they perform risky acts without nets D:some are HIV positive