单选集
单选集
{{B}}第三篇{{/B}}
| ? ? ‘I. Q.’ stands for Intelligence
Quotient which is a measure of a person’s intelligence found by means of an
intelligence test. Before marks gained in such a test can be useful as
information about a person, they must be compared with some standard, or norm.
It is not enough simply to know that a boy of thirteen has scored, say, ninety
marks in a particular test. To know whether he is clever, average or dull, his
marks must be Compared with the average achieved by boys of thirteen in that
test. ? ?In 1906 the psychologist, Alfred Binet(1857—1911), devised the standard in relation to which intelligence has since been assessed. Binet was asked to find a method of selecting all children in the schools of Paris who should be taken out of ordinary classes and put in special classes for defectives. The problem brought home to him the need for a atandard of intelligence, and he hit upon the very simple concept of "mental age". ? ?First of all, he invented a variety of tests and put large numbers of children of different ages through them. He then found at what age each test was passed by the average child. For instance, he found that the average child of seven could count backwards from 20 to 1 and the average child of three could repeat the sentence: "We are going to have a good time in the country." ?Binet arranged the various tests in order of difficulty, and used them as a scale against which he could measure every individual. If, for example, a boy aged twelve could only do tests that were passed by the average boy of nine, Binet held that he was three years below ave rage, and that he had a mental age of nine. ? ?The concept of mental age provided Binet, and through him, other psychologists, with the required standard. It enabled him to state scores in intelligence tests in terms of a norm. At first, it was usual to express the result of a test by the difference between the "mental" and the "chronological" age. Then the boy in the example given would be "three years retarded". Soon, however, the "mental ratio" was introduced; that is to say, the ratio of the mental age to the chronological age. Thus a boy of twelve with a mental age of nine has a mental ratio of 0.75. ? ?The mental age was replaced by the "intelligence quotient" or "I. Q. ’. The "I. Q." is the mental ratio multiplied by 100. For example, a boy of twelve with a mental age of nine has an "I. Q." of 75. Clearly, since the mental age of the average child is equal to the chronological age, the average ’I. Q.’ is 100. |
A:thirteen-year-old children B:children of different ages C:the same child at different ages D:other children of the same age
{{B}}第三篇{{/B}}
| ? ? ‘I. Q.’ stands for Intelligence
Quotient which is a measure of a person’s intelligence found by means of an
intelligence test. Before marks gained in such a test can be useful as
information about a person, they must be compared with some standard, or norm.
It is not enough simply to know that a boy of thirteen has scored, say, ninety
marks in a particular test. To know whether he is clever, average or dull, his
marks must be Compared with the average achieved by boys of thirteen in that
test. ? ?In 1906 the psychologist, Alfred Binet(1857—1911), devised the standard in relation to which intelligence has since been assessed. Binet was asked to find a method of selecting all children in the schools of Paris who should be taken out of ordinary classes and put in special classes for defectives. The problem brought home to him the need for a atandard of intelligence, and he hit upon the very simple concept of "mental age". ? ?First of all, he invented a variety of tests and put large numbers of children of different ages through them. He then found at what age each test was passed by the average child. For instance, he found that the average child of seven could count backwards from 20 to 1 and the average child of three could repeat the sentence: "We are going to have a good time in the country." ?Binet arranged the various tests in order of difficulty, and used them as a scale against which he could measure every individual. If, for example, a boy aged twelve could only do tests that were passed by the average boy of nine, Binet held that he was three years below ave rage, and that he had a mental age of nine. ? ?The concept of mental age provided Binet, and through him, other psychologists, with the required standard. It enabled him to state scores in intelligence tests in terms of a norm. At first, it was usual to express the result of a test by the difference between the "mental" and the "chronological" age. Then the boy in the example given would be "three years retarded". Soon, however, the "mental ratio" was introduced; that is to say, the ratio of the mental age to the chronological age. Thus a boy of twelve with a mental age of nine has a mental ratio of 0.75. ? ?The mental age was replaced by the "intelligence quotient" or "I. Q. ’. The "I. Q." is the mental ratio multiplied by 100. For example, a boy of twelve with a mental age of nine has an "I. Q." of 75. Clearly, since the mental age of the average child is equal to the chronological age, the average ’I. Q.’ is 100. |
A:whether one has the intelligence of thirteen-year-old children B:whether one is clever, average or dull C:whether one is mature enough for his age D:whether one is tall enough for his age
第三篇： Some Sleep Drugs Do More Than Make You Sleep The United States Food and Drug Administration1 has ordered companies to place strong new warnings on thirteen drugs that treat sleep disorders. It also ordered the makers of the sleeping pills to provide information for patients explaining how to safely use the drugs. Last Wednesday, the FDA announced that some of these drugs can have unexpected and dangerous effects. These include the risk of life-threatening allergic reactions. They also include rare incidents of strange behavior. These include people cooking food, eating and even driving while asleep. The patients later had no memory of doing these activities while asleep. Last year, a member of the United States Congress2 said he had a sleep-driving incident. Patrick Kennedy, a representative from Rhode Island3，crashed his car into a security barrier near the building where lawmakers meet. The accident happened in the middle of the night and no one was hurt. Mr. Kennedy said he had earlier taken a sleep medicine. He said he was also being treated with a stomach sickness drug that could cause sleepiness. The FDA did not say in its announcement how many cases of sleep-driving it had documented. However, the New York Times4 reported last year about people who said they had strange sleep events after taking the drug Ambien. Some reported sleep-driving and sleep-walking. Others said they found evidence after waking in the morning that they had cooked food or eaten in their sleep. But they had no memory of carrying out the activities. An FDA official says that these serious side effects of sleep disorder drugs appear to be rare. But, he also says there are probably more cases than are reported.5 He says the agency believes the risk of such behaviors could be reduced if people take the drugs as directed and do not drink alcohol while taking the drugs. The Food and Drug Administration has advised drug companies to carry out studies to investigate the problem. The FDA announced that
A:thirteen drug companies were closed last Wednesday. B:only thirteen drugs could treat sleeping disordera. C:some sleep drugs could lead to serious side effects. D:some makers of sleeping pills provided false information to their patients.
Wei Mingzhi, agirl, takes Mr. Gaos place in the primary school.
A:thirteenyearold B:thirteenyearsold C:thirteen year old D:thirteen years old
For thirteen years after his return from Europe, ______.
A:the Chicago Daily News was worked for by Carl Sandburg B:Carl Sandburg’s work for the Chicago Daily News C:when Carl Sandburg worked in Chicago for the Daily News D:Carl Sandburg worked for the Chicago Daily News
For thirteen years after his return from Europe, ______.
A:the Chicago Daily News was worked for by Carl Sandburg B:Carl Sandburg’s work for the Chicago Daily News C:when Carl Sandburg worked in Chicago for the Daily News D:Carl Sandburg worked for the Chicago Daily News
Wei Mingzhi, agirl, takes Mr. Gaos place in the primary school.
A:thirteenyearold B:thirteenyearsold C:thirteen year old D:thirteen years old
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