The Paper Chase

    1. "Running a house¹ is lot like running a business." says Stephanie Denton, a professional organizer based in ²Cincinnati, Ohio, who specializes in both residential and commercial paperwork and record keeping. To get a successful grip on³ organizing documents, bills, and other materials,Dentonsuggests the following tips:

    2. Create a space in which you can always do your paperwork. This is perhaps the most important element of a successful system. If you can"t devote an entire desk to the task, at least invest in a rolling file cart to store active paperwork and a two-drawer file cabinet for family records. Store the rolling file cart wherever it is most convenient and comfortable to do your work. whether that is the kitchen, office, or family room.⁴

    3. When in doubt, throw it out, the first step to implementing a workable filling system is to eliminate paper you don"t use, don"t need, or that you could easily access again elsewhere. Throw out duplicate statements, old catalogs, and all of the coupons, mailings, or offerings you"ll never have an opportunity to use or even read.

    4. Set aside two days a month to pay bills, if a monthly due date doesn"t fit into your cycle, call up the creditor and suggest a more convenient date, keep two manila folders⁵ at the front of your system for current bills — one to correspond with each bill-paying day — and file all incoming bills. Keep a list in the front of each folder of what needs to be paid in case⁶ the invoice never arrives or gets misplaces.

    5. Think of your filling system not as a rigid tool, but as a living, breathing system that can accommodate your changing needs. A good filling system is both mentally and physically flexible, everyone"s needs are different, saysDenton, but when devising a filling system, ask yourself: "Where would I look for this?" Create main headings for your filling system, such as investments, Taxes, Children, and so forth, and file individual folders under the main headings. Never overstuff your files.

词汇：

paperwork /"peɪpəwɜːk/ n.文书工作

overstuff /,əʊvə"stʌf/ vt.把……塞得过满

statement /"steɪtm(ə)nt/ n.账目

duplicate /"djuːplɪkət/ adj.复制的

correspond /kɒrɪ"spɒnd/ vt.与……一致、和谐或相配

mailing /"meɪlɪŋ/ n.邮件

incoming /"ɪnkʌmɪŋ/ adj.将要或正要进来的

creditor /"kredɪtə/ n.债权人

misplace /mɪs"pleɪs/ vt.把……放错地方

invoice /"ɪnvɒɪs/ n.发票

heading /"hedɪŋ/ n.标题

rigid /"rɪdʒɪd/ adj.呆板的,僵硬的

注释：

1.running a house：打理一所房子。run在这里是“管理”的意思。又如：He"s been running a testaurant since he left school

2.base…in…：在……为……设立基础、提供基础。又如：They based the new company in Portland

3.get a grip on：抓住，控制，掌握。又如：getting a grip on the new technique

4.family room：家庭游艺室，指用于家庭成员娱乐的房间

5.manila folders：马尼拉折叠夹

B. in paper chase

C. that it is easily reached

D. that different people have different requirements

E. they are not comfortable

F. in investing in coupons

You can put your file cart anywhere you like, on condition ______.

A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F

The Paper Chase "Running a house is a lot like running a business," says Stephanie Denton, a professional organizer based in Cincinnati, Ohio, who specializes in both residential and commercial paperwork and record keeping. To get a successful grip on organizing documents, bills, and other materials, Denton suggests the following tips. Create a space in which you can always do your paperwork. This is perhaps the most important element of a successful system. If you can't devote an entire desk to the task, at least invest in a rolling file cart to store active paperwork and a two-drawer file cabinet for family records. Store the rolling file cart wherever it is most convenient and comfortable to do your work, whether that is the kitchen, office, or family room. When in doubt, throw it out. The first step to implementing a workable filing system is to eliminate paper you don't use, don't need, or that you could easily access again elsewhere. Throw out duplicate statements, old catalogs, and all of the coupons, mailings, or offerings you'll never have an opportunity to use or even read. Set aside two days a month to pay bills. If a monthly due date doesn't fit into your cycle, call up the creditor and suggest a more convenient date. Keep two manila folders at the front of your system for current bills—one to correspond with each bill-paying day—and file all incoming bills. Keep a list in the front of each folder of what needs to be paid in case the invoice never arrives or gets misplaced. Think of your filing system not as a rigid tool, but as a living, breathing system that can accommodate your changing needs. A good filing system is both mentally and physically flexible. Everyone's needs are different, says Denton, but when devising a filling system, ask yourself: "Where would I look for this?" Create main headings for your filing system, such as Investments, Taxes, Children, and so forth, and file individual folders under the main headings. Never overstuff your files.

Paragraph 2______

B:Implementing a workable filing system. C:What is a good filing system. D:How to invest in a rolling file cart. E:Get rid of unimportant things.

The Paper Chase

    1. “Running a house¹ is a lot like running a business,” says Stephanie Denton, a professional organizer based in² Cincinnati,Ohio, who specializes in both residential and commercial paperwork and record keeping. To get a successful grip on³ organizing documents, bills, and other materials, Denton suggests the following tips：

    2. Create a space in which you can always do your paperwork. This is perhaps the most important element of a successful system. If you can’t devote an entire desk to the task, at least invest in a rolling file cart to store active paperwork and a two-drawer file cabinet for family records. Store the rolling file cart wherever it is most convenient and comfortable to do your work, whether that is the kitchen, office, or family room⁴.

    3. When in doubt, throw it out. The first step for implementing a workable filing system is to eliminate paper you don’t use, don’t need, or that you could easily access again elsewhere. Throw out duplicate statements, old catalogs, and all of the coupons, mailings, or offerings you’ll never have an opportunity to use or even read.

    4. Set aside two days a month to pay bills. If a monthly due date doesn’t fit into your cycle, call up the creditor and suggest a more convenient date. Keep two manila folders⁵ at the front of your system for current bills — one to correspond with each bill-paying day — and file all incoming bills. Keep a list in the front of each folder of what needs to be paid in case⁶ the invoice never arrives or gets misplaced.

    5. Think of your filing system not as a rigid tool, but as a living, breathing system that can accommodate your changing needs. A good filing system is both mentally and physically flexible. Everyone’s needs are different, says Denton, but when devising a filing system, ask yourself：“Where would I look for this?” Create main headings for your filing system, such as Investments, Taxes, Children, and so forth, and file individual folders under the main headings. Never overstuff your files.

词汇：

paperwork /"peɪpəwɜːk/ n.文书工作

overstuff /,əʊvə"stʌf/ vt.把……塞得过满

statement /"steɪtm(ə)nt/ n.账目

duplicate /"djuːplɪkət/ adj.复制的

correspond /kɒrɪ"spɒnd/ vt.与……一致、和谐或相配

mailing /"meɪlɪŋ/ n.邮件

incoming /"ɪnkʌmɪŋ/ adj.将要或正要进来的

creditor /"kredɪtə/ n.债权人

misplace /mɪs"pleɪs/ vt.把……放错地方

invoice /"ɪnvɒɪs/ n.发票

heading /"hedɪŋ/ n.标题

rigid /"rɪdʒɪd/ adj.呆板的,僵硬的

注释：

1. running a house:打理一所房子。“run”在这里是“管理”的意思。又如:He’s been running a restaurant since he left school.

2. base... in...:在……为……设立基础、提供基础。又如:They based the new company in Portland.

3. get a grip on:抓住,控制,掌握。又如:getting a grip on the new technique.

4. family room:家庭游艺室,指用于家庭成员娱乐的房间

5. manila folders:马尼拉折叠夹

B  in paper chase

C  that it is easily reached

D  that different people have different requirements

E   they are not comfortable

F   in investing in coupons

You can put your file cart anywhere you like, on condition __________.

A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F

Passage 3
Man’s first roan invention, and one of the most important inventions in history, was the wheel. All transportation and every machine in the world depend on it. The wheel is the simplest yet perhaps the most remarkable of an] inventions, because there are no wheels in nature no living thing was ever created with wheels. How, then, did man come to invent the wheel Perhaps some early hunters found that they could carry it. However, the logs themselves weighed a lot.
It must have taken a great prehistoric thinker to imagine two thin slices of log connected, at their centers by a string stick, this would roll along just as the logs did, yet be much lighter and easier to handle, thus the wheel and axle came into being and with them the first cart.

A:a group of early hunters B:the first men on earth C:a great prehistoric thinker D:the man who made the first cart

Suburb If "suburb" is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city, in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small, highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot, and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories, built in the 1830’’s and 1840’’s, were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses around the older, main cities. As a defence against this encroachment, and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854 for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders. With the acceleration of industrial growth come acute, urban crowding and accompanying social stress-conditions began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban middle class, whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developing of single-family housing tracts. It can be inferred from the text that after 1890 most people traveled around cities by______.

A:automobile B:cart C:horse-drawn trolley D:electric streetcar

Suburb If "suburb" is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city, in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small, highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot, and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories, built in the 1830’’s and 1840’’s, were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses around the older, main cities. As a defence against this encroachment, and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854 for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders. With the acceleration of industrial growth come acute, urban crowding and accompanying social stress-conditions began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban middle class, whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developing of single-family housing tracts. It can be inferred from the text that after 1890 most people traveled around cities by______.

A:automobile B:cart C:horse-drawn trolley D:electric streetcar

Suburb If "suburb" is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city, in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small, highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot, and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories, built in the 1830’’s and 1840’’s, were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses around the older, main cities. As a defence against this encroachment, and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854 for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders. With the acceleration of industrial growth come acute, urban crowding and accompanying social stress-conditions began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban middle class, whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developing of single-family housing tracts. It can be inferred from the text that after 1890 most people traveled around cities by______.

A:automobile B:cart C:horse-drawn trolley D:electric streetcar