某女性患者，66岁，全口义齿修复，采用S.P.A排牙法，遵照排牙的基本原则和方法，获得一副满意的全口义齿

S.P.A排牙法称为

A:男性排牙法 B:女性排牙法 C:个性排牙法 D:中性区排牙法 E:非解剖式后牙排牙法

某男性患者，64岁，全口义齿修复，采用S.P.A排牙法，遵照排牙的基本原则和方法，获得一副满意的全口义齿

S．P．A排牙法称为

A:男性排牙法 B:女性排牙法 C:个性排牙法 D:中性区排牙法 E:非解剖式后牙排牙法

某一时期内A商品的需求函数Qd=50-5P，供给函数Qs=-10+5P，Qd为需求量，Qs为供给量，P为价格。

根据供求规律，如果A商品的市场需求增加，而供给量不变，则A商品的市场价格()。

A:不变 B:下降 C:上涨 D:D不动

某一时期内A商品的需求函数Qd=50-5P，供给函数Qs=-10+5P，Qd为需求量，Qs为供给量，P为价格。

根据A商品的需求弹性系数可知，A商品弹性系数为()。

A: 选项缺失(欢迎补充) B: 选项缺失(欢迎补充) C: 选项缺失(欢迎补充) D:缺乏弹性

A Baby’s Growth

    1　To describe a baby’s growth, the old saying “one thing leads to another” should really read，“one thing leads to an explosion.”¹ The perfection of vision and the ability to hold his head up allow appreciation of visual space. The evolution of increasingly efficient reaching also lets the baby appreciate and participate in his three-dimensional world.

    2　You may notice that your baby can grab toys with either hand. This is partly because the baby has learned to grasp an object even if it touches his hand lightly or his eyes are averted. By the end of the fourth month, he can probably alternate hands to grab the toys or transfer a toy from one hand to the other. He may even wave it briskly, then transfer it and repeat the waving, shuttling it back and forth between hands. In imitating the behavior of one hand with the other, the baby may be becoming aware that he can do the same thing with each arm and that each hand is distinct from the other. This awareness is important to his receiving information about space. The baby also begins to see himself act when he repeatedly reaches for and grasps things. He starts to distinguish himself from the outer world.

    3　If you would like another sign of this growth process, try one of Gesell’s measures of mental growth, the behavior of a baby before a mirror. According to Gesell, a baby will smile at his image at around twenty weeks of age. Hold your baby up to a mirror and watch him examine the faces there.² He will probably attend most to his own image and perhaps smile at it. As his image returns the smile, he may become active and vocalize. He may also look back and forth between your image and you as if the duplication puzzles him. A baby who knows his mother’s face cannot understand two of them. Calling softly to your baby, as he looks at your confusing double, complicates matters even further.³ His turning back to the real you shows that a baby four months old is likely to have the ability of preference in discrimination.⁴

    4　An early attachment to one object —a toy or a stuffed animal —is another index of discrimination, as well as self-development, for the baby’s interests are going beyond himself.⁵ Most babies do not prefer one toy this early⁶, but some will. After exploring each toy, your baby may start reaching and playing with one special one. In the months to come, the toy or anything else the baby identifies with himself by wearing or carrying may become a "lovely". A "lovely" will be slept with, chewed, hugged, loved, and "talked to". These "lovelies" give the baby a way of coping with the necessary separations from the mother.⁷ A friendly and familiar toy bear may just make him easier on himself. Rather than feeling threatened, a mother should be flattered by her baby’s extension of affection elsewhere. A baby with the heart to find a "lovey" is showing early mental resourcefulness and flexibility.

词汇：

dimension /dɪ"menʃ(ə)n; daɪ-/ n.尺度，维（数）

avert /ə"vɜːt/ vt.转移

shuttle /"ʃʌt(ə)l/ vi.穿梭往返，来回交换

imitate /"ɪmɪteɪt/ vt.模仿，仿效

duplication/djuːplɪ"keɪʃn/ n.副本，复制

discrimination/dɪskrɪmɪ"neɪʃ(ə)n/ n.辨别，区别；辨别力；歧视

attachment/ə"tætʃm(ə)nt/ n.附加，配属；喜爱

resourcefulness/rɪ"sɔrsfəlnɪs/ n.足智多谋

flexibility/,fleksɪ"bɪlɪtɪ/ n.适应性，灵活性

注释：

1．To describe a baby’s growth, the old saying “one thing leads to another”should really read, “one thing leads to an explosion.”要描全一个婴儿的成长，我们应该把谚语“一事引起另一事”改为“一事引起大__”。explosion原意为“爆炸”，此处可理解为“蓬勃发展”。此句的意思是孩子的发育成长是极为迅速的。

2．Hold your baby up to a mirror and watch him examine the faces there.将你的孩子抱到镜子前面，观察他如何看镜子里的脸。watch, see, hear等表示感官的动词之后加不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。又如：I did not hear him leave.

3．Calling softly to your baby, as he looks at your confusing double, complicates matters even further.当你的宝贝看着镜子里你那个令他不解的“复制品”时，你如果轻轻地叫他，会使他更加迷惑不解。

4．His turning back to the real you shows that a baby four months old is likely to have the ability of preference in discrimination.他转向真实的你，表明四个月的婴儿很可能具有在辨别中有所偏向的能力。His turning back to the real you是动名词短语作主语，意指转身这一动作。

5．An early attachment to one object — a toy or a stuffed animal — is another index of discrimination, as well as self-development, for the baby’s interests are going beyond himself.婴儿早期对某物品（如一件玩具或填充动物玩具）的喜爱不仅是自我发展的标志，也是具有鉴别能力的另一标志，因为这时婴儿的兴趣已超出了自我之外。as well as的意思与in addition to相同。又如：I like literature as well as economics.本句中for是附带表示原因的连接词。

6．this early = so early。这里this是副词。

B　feel flattered

C　tell one hand from the other

D　the perfection of vision and the ability to hold his head up

E　has preference among his toys

A　baby will smile at his image at _________.

A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F

The Enemy Within

    Allergy has become more and more common over the last 30 years. Now one-third of us are affected by allergy at some point in our lives and half of these sufferers are children. In the UK, three million people suffer from asthma, and five per cent of children suffer from food allergy.

    Allergy is a reaction that occurs when the immune system has a strange and unnecessary reaction to a substance which is normally harmless, such as pollen or peanuts. ____1____ To defend your body against an attacker, the immune system remembers these dangerous micro-organisms and attacks them if it meets them again. This work is done by antibodies. The immune system in allergy sufferers makes antibodies against harmless substances, because it mistakenly believes them to be dangerous.

    An allergic reaction may not happen the first time a sufferer meets an allergen (the substance causing the reaction, such as pollen, milk or strawberries). Sometimes people can eat nuts for years and then suddenly become allergic to them. What has happened is that the immune system has now decided the substance is dangerous and has made an allergy antibody. This antibody then attaches itself to cells, which contain histamine. ____2____ As they do that, the surface of the cells is broken, and histamine is released. The histamine and other chemicals inflame the tissues. This leads to the symptoms of allergy, such as swelling, rashes, sneezing, sore eyes and breathlessness. Anaphylaxis is the most severe allergic reaction of all and is most often triggered by wasp or bee stings or peanuts. This must be treated immediately.

    ____3____ Some people are born with the ability to make lots of allergy antibodies, and they are more likely to develop allergies and allergic disorders such as hay fever and asthma.

    ____4____ We eat more processed foods, with a wide range of additives and colourings; more and more people have central heating and double glazing, making our houses warmer and less draughty-an ideal environment to breed the house dust mite.

    There may also be a link between allergies and antibiotics. At one time our immune systems were kept busy fighting off disease and trying to win the battle for health, but antibiotics have reduced the amount of work our immune systems have to do. Now experts think they may direct spare energy to harmless substances such as strawberries. ____5____

    A good deal of research is being devoted to finding a cure for allergies. Sufferers may be given medicine to control symptoms, and they may also be offered tests to find out what substances trigger an allergic reaction so that they can avoid contact with these in future.

词汇：

allergy ["ælədʒɪ] n. 过敏，过敏症

sufferer ["sʌfərə] n. 患者，受害者

asthma ["æsmə] n. 哮喘

substance ["sʌbst(ə)ns] n. 物质

pollen ["pɒlən] n. 花粉

micro-organism n. 微生物

antibodies n. antibody的复数形式，意为抗体

allergen ["ælədʒ(ə)n] n. 过敏源

nut [nʌt] n. 坚果

histamine ["hɪstəmiːn] n. 组织胺，组胺

tissue ["tɪʃuː; "tɪsjuː] n. 人体组织

symptom ["sɪm(p)təm] n. 病症，征兆

rash [ræʃ] n. 疱疹

sneezing ["sni:ziŋ] n. 打喷嚏

breathlessness ["breθlisnis] n. 呼吸急促，气喘吁吁

anaphylaxis  [,ænəfɪ"læksɪs] n. 全身性过敏反应，过敏反应

wasp [wɒsp] n. 黄蜂

sting [stɪŋ] n. 蟄，咬

hayfever n. 枯草热，花粉病

additives n. 添加剂，食品添加剂

cure [kjʊə; kjɔː] n. 治疗，解药

注释：

1．suffer from...忍受^的折磨

2．be devoted to sth. ...全身心投入于^

练习：

A　The immune system is there to protect the body against outside attackers, including viruses, bacteria and parasites.

B　In other words our immune systems have become over-sensitive.

C　Allergies run in families.

D　International differences have been associated with the number of individuals within a population have allergy.

E　When the antibodies meet the allergen the next time, they attempt to destroy it.

空1

A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F

Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference