Do you feel sad Happy Angry You may think that the way you show these emotions is unique. Well, think again. Even the expression of the most personal feelings can be classified, according to Mind Reading game, a DVD displaying every possible human emotion. It demonstrates 412 distinct ways in which we feel the first visual dictionary of the human heart.
Attempts to classify expressions began in the mid-1800s, when Darwin divided the emotions into six types-anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise and enjoyment. (46) . Every other feeling was thought to derive from Darwin’s small group. More complex expressions of emotions were probably learned and therefore more specific to each culture. But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide. (47) . The Mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record of these expressions.
The project was conceived by a Cambridge professor as an aid for people with autism (孤独), who have difficulty both reading and expressing emotions. But it quickly became apparent that it had broader uses. Actors and teachers, for example, need to understand a wide range of expressions. The professor and his research team first had to define an "emotion" (48) . Using this definition, 1,512 emotion terms were identified and discussed. This list was eventually reduced to 412, from "afraid" to "wanting".
Once these emotions were defined and classified, a DVD seemed the clearest and most efficient way to display them. In Mind Reading, each expression is acted out by six different actors in three seconds. (49) . The explanation for this is simple: we may find it difficult to describe emotions using words, but we instantly recognize one when we see it on someone’s face. "It was really clear when the actors had got it right," says Cathy Collis, who directed the DVD "Although they were given some direction," says Ms Collis, "the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move." (50) . For example, when someone feel contempt, you can’t say for certain that their eyebrows always go down.
Someone who has tried to establish such rules is the American, Professor Paul Ekman, who has built a database of how the face moves for every emotion. The face can make 43 distinct muscle movements called "action units". These can be combined into more than 10,000 visible facial shapes. Ekman has written out a pattern of facial muscular movements to represent each emotion.

• A. He said that this expression of feeling is universal and recognizable by anyone from any culture.
• B. Any other method of showing the 412 emotions would have been far less effective.
• C. Research has also been done to find out which area of brain read the emotional expressions.
• D. These particular muscles are difficult to control, and few people can do it.
• E. They decided that it was a mental state that could be preceded by "I feel he looks" or "she sounds".
• F. We thought of trying to describe each emotion, but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules of this.

Ninety years ago on a sunny morning in Northern France, something happened that changed Britain and Europe for ever. At half past seven on the morning of July 1, 1916, whistles blew and thousands of British soldiers left their positions to attack their German enemies. By the end of the day, 20,000 of them were dead, and another 30,000 wounded or missing. The Battle of the Somme, (51) it is called, lasted for six months. When it ended, 125,000 British soldiers were dead. They had gained five kilometers of ground.
This was one of a series of great battles during the WWI. The attack on the Somme was staged to relieve (52) on the French, who were engaged in a great battle of their own at a place called Verdun. By the time the battle ended, over a million French and German troops had been killed.
About 17 million people were killed in WWI. There have been wars with greater numbers of dead. But there has never been one (53) most of the dead were concentrated in such a small area. On the Somme battlefield, two men died for every meter of space.
Local farmers working in the land still (54) the bodies of those who died in that battle. The dead of all nations were buried in a series of giant graveyards along the line of the border (55) France and Belgium. Relatives and descendants of those who died still visit these graveyards today. What the French call the "tourism of death" (56) an important contribution to the local economy.
It took a second great conflict before Europe was to turn (57) war itself. Twenty-eight years after the Somme battle, a liberating army of British, American and Canadian troops took back (58) from another German invasion. More than 500,000 people were killed. New (59) were built.
Two great conflicts across two generations helped to change the European mind about war. Germany, once the most warlike country in Europe, is now probably more in (60) of peace than any other. One major cause of war in Europe was rivalry between France and Germany. The European Union was specifically formed to end that (61) .
According to US commentator William Pfaff, "Europeans are interested in a slow development of civilized and tolerant international relations, (62) on problems while avoiding catastrophes along the way. They have themselves only recently (63) from the catastrophes of the WWI and WWII, when tens of millions of people were destroyed. They don’t want (64) ."
The last British veteran of the Somme battle died in 2005, aged 108. And the WWI is passing out of memory and into history. But for anyone who wants to understand how Europeans (65) , it is still important to know a little about the terrible events of July 1, 1916.

A:since B:because C:as D:for

Ninety years ago on a sunny morning in Northern France, something happened that changed Britain and Europe for ever. At half past seven on the morning of July 1, 1916, whistles blew and thousands of British soldiers left their positions to attack their German enemies. By the end of the day, 20,000 of them were dead, and another 30,000 wounded or missing. The Battle of the Somme, (51) it is called, lasted for six months. When it ended, 125,000 British soldiers were dead. They had gained five kilometers of ground.
This was one of a series of great battles during the WWI. The attack on the Somme was staged to relieve (52) on the French, who were engaged in a great battle of their own at a place called Verdun. By the time the battle ended, over a million French and German troops had been killed.
About 17 million people were killed in WWI. There have been wars with greater numbers of dead. But there has never been one (53) most of the dead were concentrated in such a small area. On the Somme battlefield, two men died for every meter of space.
Local farmers working in the land still (54) the bodies of those who died in that battle. The dead of all nations were buried in a series of giant graveyards along the line of the border (55) France and Belgium. Relatives and descendants of those who died still visit these graveyards today. What the French call the "tourism of death" (56) an important contribution to the local economy.
It took a second great conflict before Europe was to turn (57) war itself. Twenty-eight years after the Somme battle, a liberating army of British, American and Canadian troops took back (58) from another German invasion. More than 500,000 people were killed. New (59) were built.
Two great conflicts across two generations helped to change the European mind about war. Germany, once the most warlike country in Europe, is now probably more in (60) of peace than any other. One major cause of war in Europe was rivalry between France and Germany. The European Union was specifically formed to end that (61) .
According to US commentator William Pfaff, "Europeans are interested in a slow development of civilized and tolerant international relations, (62) on problems while avoiding catastrophes along the way. They have themselves only recently (63) from the catastrophes of the WWI and WWII, when tens of millions of people were destroyed. They don’t want (64) ."
The last British veteran of the Somme battle died in 2005, aged 108. And the WWI is passing out of memory and into history. But for anyone who wants to understand how Europeans (65) , it is still important to know a little about the terrible events of July 1, 1916.

A:oppression B:anxiety C:pressure D:resistance

Ninety years ago on a sunny morning in Northern France, something happened that changed Britain and Europe for ever. At half past seven on the morning of July 1, 1916, whistles blew and thousands of British soldiers left their positions to attack their German enemies. By the end of the day, 20,000 of them were dead, and another 30,000 wounded or missing. The Battle of the Somme, (51) it is called, lasted for six months. When it ended, 125,000 British soldiers were dead. They had gained five kilometers of ground.
This was one of a series of great battles during the WWI. The attack on the Somme was staged to relieve (52) on the French, who were engaged in a great battle of their own at a place called Verdun. By the time the battle ended, over a million French and German troops had been killed.
About 17 million people were killed in WWI. There have been wars with greater numbers of dead. But there has never been one (53) most of the dead were concentrated in such a small area. On the Somme battlefield, two men died for every meter of space.
Local farmers working in the land still (54) the bodies of those who died in that battle. The dead of all nations were buried in a series of giant graveyards along the line of the border (55) France and Belgium. Relatives and descendants of those who died still visit these graveyards today. What the French call the "tourism of death" (56) an important contribution to the local economy.
It took a second great conflict before Europe was to turn (57) war itself. Twenty-eight years after the Somme battle, a liberating army of British, American and Canadian troops took back (58) from another German invasion. More than 500,000 people were killed. New (59) were built.
Two great conflicts across two generations helped to change the European mind about war. Germany, once the most warlike country in Europe, is now probably more in (60) of peace than any other. One major cause of war in Europe was rivalry between France and Germany. The European Union was specifically formed to end that (61) .
According to US commentator William Pfaff, "Europeans are interested in a slow development of civilized and tolerant international relations, (62) on problems while avoiding catastrophes along the way. They have themselves only recently (63) from the catastrophes of the WWI and WWII, when tens of millions of people were destroyed. They don’t want (64) ."
The last British veteran of the Somme battle died in 2005, aged 108. And the WWI is passing out of memory and into history. But for anyone who wants to understand how Europeans (65) , it is still important to know a little about the terrible events of July 1, 1916.

A:which B:where C:why D:that

Ninety years ago on a sunny morning in Northern France, something happened that changed Britain and Europe for ever. At half past seven on the morning of July 1, 1916, whistles blew and thousands of British soldiers left their positions to attack their German enemies. By the end of the day, 20,000 of them were dead, and another 30,000 wounded or missing. The Battle of the Somme, (51) it is called, lasted for six months. When it ended, 125,000 British soldiers were dead. They had gained five kilometers of ground.
This was one of a series of great battles during the WWI. The attack on the Somme was staged to relieve (52) on the French, who were engaged in a great battle of their own at a place called Verdun. By the time the battle ended, over a million French and German troops had been killed.
About 17 million people were killed in WWI. There have been wars with greater numbers of dead. But there has never been one (53) most of the dead were concentrated in such a small area. On the Somme battlefield, two men died for every meter of space.
Local farmers working in the land still (54) the bodies of those who died in that battle. The dead of all nations were buried in a series of giant graveyards along the line of the border (55) France and Belgium. Relatives and descendants of those who died still visit these graveyards today. What the French call the "tourism of death" (56) an important contribution to the local economy.
It took a second great conflict before Europe was to turn (57) war itself. Twenty-eight years after the Somme battle, a liberating army of British, American and Canadian troops took back (58) from another German invasion. More than 500,000 people were killed. New (59) were built.
Two great conflicts across two generations helped to change the European mind about war. Germany, once the most warlike country in Europe, is now probably more in (60) of peace than any other. One major cause of war in Europe was rivalry between France and Germany. The European Union was specifically formed to end that (61) .
According to US commentator William Pfaff, "Europeans are interested in a slow development of civilized and tolerant international relations, (62) on problems while avoiding catastrophes along the way. They have themselves only recently (63) from the catastrophes of the WWI and WWII, when tens of millions of people were destroyed. They don’t want (64) ."
The last British veteran of the Somme battle died in 2005, aged 108. And the WWI is passing out of memory and into history. But for anyone who wants to understand how Europeans (65) , it is still important to know a little about the terrible events of July 1, 1916.

A:find B:look for C:seek D:look at

Ninety years ago on a sunny morning in Northern France, something happened that changed Britain and Europe for ever. At half past seven on the morning of July 1, 1916, whistles blew and thousands of British soldiers left their positions to attack their German enemies. By the end of the day, 20,000 of them were dead, and another 30,000 wounded or missing. The Battle of the Somme, (51) it is called, lasted for six months. When it ended, 125,000 British soldiers were dead. They had gained five kilometers of ground.
This was one of a series of great battles during the WWI. The attack on the Somme was staged to relieve (52) on the French, who were engaged in a great battle of their own at a place called Verdun. By the time the battle ended, over a million French and German troops had been killed.
About 17 million people were killed in WWI. There have been wars with greater numbers of dead. But there has never been one (53) most of the dead were concentrated in such a small area. On the Somme battlefield, two men died for every meter of space.
Local farmers working in the land still (54) the bodies of those who died in that battle. The dead of all nations were buried in a series of giant graveyards along the line of the border (55) France and Belgium. Relatives and descendants of those who died still visit these graveyards today. What the French call the "tourism of death" (56) an important contribution to the local economy.
It took a second great conflict before Europe was to turn (57) war itself. Twenty-eight years after the Somme battle, a liberating army of British, American and Canadian troops took back (58) from another German invasion. More than 500,000 people were killed. New (59) were built.
Two great conflicts across two generations helped to change the European mind about war. Germany, once the most warlike country in Europe, is now probably more in (60) of peace than any other. One major cause of war in Europe was rivalry between France and Germany. The European Union was specifically formed to end that (61) .
According to US commentator William Pfaff, "Europeans are interested in a slow development of civilized and tolerant international relations, (62) on problems while avoiding catastrophes along the way. They have themselves only recently (63) from the catastrophes of the WWI and WWII, when tens of millions of people were destroyed. They don’t want (64) ."
The last British veteran of the Somme battle died in 2005, aged 108. And the WWI is passing out of memory and into history. But for anyone who wants to understand how Europeans (65) , it is still important to know a little about the terrible events of July 1, 1916.

A:among B:on C:in D:between

Ninety years ago on a sunny morning in Northern France, something happened that changed Britain and Europe for ever. At half past seven on the morning of July 1, 1916, whistles blew and thousands of British soldiers left their positions to attack their German enemies. By the end of the day, 20,000 of them were dead, and another 30,000 wounded or missing. The Battle of the Somme, (51) it is called, lasted for six months. When it ended, 125,000 British soldiers were dead. They had gained five kilometers of ground.
This was one of a series of great battles during the WWI. The attack on the Somme was staged to relieve (52) on the French, who were engaged in a great battle of their own at a place called Verdun. By the time the battle ended, over a million French and German troops had been killed.
About 17 million people were killed in WWI. There have been wars with greater numbers of dead. But there has never been one (53) most of the dead were concentrated in such a small area. On the Somme battlefield, two men died for every meter of space.
Local farmers working in the land still (54) the bodies of those who died in that battle. The dead of all nations were buried in a series of giant graveyards along the line of the border (55) France and Belgium. Relatives and descendants of those who died still visit these graveyards today. What the French call the "tourism of death" (56) an important contribution to the local economy.
It took a second great conflict before Europe was to turn (57) war itself. Twenty-eight years after the Somme battle, a liberating army of British, American and Canadian troops took back (58) from another German invasion. More than 500,000 people were killed. New (59) were built.
Two great conflicts across two generations helped to change the European mind about war. Germany, once the most warlike country in Europe, is now probably more in (60) of peace than any other. One major cause of war in Europe was rivalry between France and Germany. The European Union was specifically formed to end that (61) .
According to US commentator William Pfaff, "Europeans are interested in a slow development of civilized and tolerant international relations, (62) on problems while avoiding catastrophes along the way. They have themselves only recently (63) from the catastrophes of the WWI and WWII, when tens of millions of people were destroyed. They don’t want (64) ."
The last British veteran of the Somme battle died in 2005, aged 108. And the WWI is passing out of memory and into history. But for anyone who wants to understand how Europeans (65) , it is still important to know a little about the terrible events of July 1, 1916.

A:makes B:brings C:gives D:adds

Ninety years ago on a sunny morning in Northern France, something happened that changed Britain and Europe for ever. At half past seven on the morning of July 1, 1916, whistles blew and thousands of British soldiers left their positions to attack their German enemies. By the end of the day, 20,000 of them were dead, and another 30,000 wounded or missing. The Battle of the Somme, (51) it is called, lasted for six months. When it ended, 125,000 British soldiers were dead. They had gained five kilometers of ground.
This was one of a series of great battles during the WWI. The attack on the Somme was staged to relieve (52) on the French, who were engaged in a great battle of their own at a place called Verdun. By the time the battle ended, over a million French and German troops had been killed.
About 17 million people were killed in WWI. There have been wars with greater numbers of dead. But there has never been one (53) most of the dead were concentrated in such a small area. On the Somme battlefield, two men died for every meter of space.
Local farmers working in the land still (54) the bodies of those who died in that battle. The dead of all nations were buried in a series of giant graveyards along the line of the border (55) France and Belgium. Relatives and descendants of those who died still visit these graveyards today. What the French call the "tourism of death" (56) an important contribution to the local economy.
It took a second great conflict before Europe was to turn (57) war itself. Twenty-eight years after the Somme battle, a liberating army of British, American and Canadian troops took back (58) from another German invasion. More than 500,000 people were killed. New (59) were built.
Two great conflicts across two generations helped to change the European mind about war. Germany, once the most warlike country in Europe, is now probably more in (60) of peace than any other. One major cause of war in Europe was rivalry between France and Germany. The European Union was specifically formed to end that (61) .
According to US commentator William Pfaff, "Europeans are interested in a slow development of civilized and tolerant international relations, (62) on problems while avoiding catastrophes along the way. They have themselves only recently (63) from the catastrophes of the WWI and WWII, when tens of millions of people were destroyed. They don’t want (64) ."
The last British veteran of the Somme battle died in 2005, aged 108. And the WWI is passing out of memory and into history. But for anyone who wants to understand how Europeans (65) , it is still important to know a little about the terrible events of July 1, 1916.

A:into B:to C:in D:against