The Making of a Success Story 　　

    1 IKEA is the world"s largest furniture retailer, and the man behind it is Ingvar Kamprad, one of the world"s most successful entrepreneurs. Born in Swedenin 1926, Kamprad was a natural businessman. As a child, he enjoyed selling things and made small profits from selling matches, seeds, and pencils in his community. When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades. Naturally he used it to start up a business一IKEA.

    2 IKEA"s name comes from Kamprad"s initials (I.K.) and the place where he grew up ("E" and "A"). Today IKEA is known for its modern, minimalist furniture¹, but it was not a furniture company in the beginning. Rather, IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods. Kamprad"s wares included anything that he could sell for profits at discounted prices², including watches, pens and stockings.

    3 IKEA first began to sell furniture through a mail-order catalogue in 1947. The furniture was all designed and made by manufacturers near Kamprad"s home. Initial sales were very encouraging, so Kamprad expanded the product line. Furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that IKEA became solely a furniture company in 1951.

    4 In 1953 IKEA opened its first showroom inAlmhult,Sweden. IKEA is known today for its spacious stores with furniture iti attractive settings, but in the early 1950s, people ordered from catalogues. Thus response to the first showroom was overwhelmiig: people loved being able to see and try the furniture before buying it. This led to increased sales and the company continued to thrive. By 1955, IKEA was designing all its own furniture.

    5 In 1956 Kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to make it easier to transport. Kamprad was inspired. The man had given him a great idea: flat packaging³. Flat packaging would mean lower shipping costs for IKEA and lower prices for customers. IKEA tried it and sales soared. The problem was that people had to assemble furniture themselves, but over time, even this grew into an advantage for IKEA. Nowadays, IKEA is often seen as having connotations of self-sufficiency. This image has done wonders for the company, leading to better sales and continued expansion.

    6 Today there are over 200 stores in 32 countries. Amazingly, Ingvar Kamprad has managed to keep IKEA a privately-held company. In 2004 he was named the world"s richest man. He currently lives inSwitzerlandand is retied from the day-to-day operations of IKEA. IKEA itself, though, just keeps on growing. 　　

 

词汇： 　　

entrepreneur /,entrəprə"nə:/ n.企业家 　　

ware /weə/ n.货物 　　

minimalist /"miniməlist / adj.最简单的 　　

self-sufficiency /"self-sə"fiʃənsi/ n.自足 　

 

注释： 　　

1. minimalist furniture：风格简约的家具 　　

2. discounted prices：折扣价 　　

3. flat packaging：平板包装 　

A.  IKEA began as a small store selling all kinds of cheap things.
B.  it is highly welcomed by both
C.  Ingvar Kamprad showed interest in and talent for doing business.
D.  he lives happily in retirement
E.  here they can see and try the furniture they are going to buy.
F. Ingvar successfully manages the company all by himself

Even when he was only a child, _________.

A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F

I remember（　）the piano beautifully when he was a child.

A:playing B:him to play C:him to have played D:him playing

When I was a child I used （　） swimming in the lake.

A:to going B:going C:to go D:go

When I was a child I ______ go swimming in the lake.

A:used to B:am used to C:use to D:was used

I remember ______ to Paris when I was a very small child.

A:taking B:to be taken C:being taken D:to take

I remember ______ to Paris when I was a very small child.

A:taking B:to be taken C:being taken D:to take

Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences. There are no reliable global estimates for the prevalence of child maltreatment. Data for many countries especially low-and-middle-income countries, are lacking.
Child maltreatment is complex and difficult to study. Current estimates vary widely depending on the country and the method of research used. Nonetheless, international studies reveal that approximately 20 % of women and 5-10 % of men report being sexually abused as children. While 25-50 % of all children report being physically abused. Additionally, many children are subject to emotional abuse (sometimes referred to as psychological abuse).
Every year, there are an estimated 31,000 homicide deaths in children under 15. This number underestimates the true extent of the problem, as a significant proportion of deaths due to child maltreatment are incorrectly attributed to falls, bums and drowning.
Child maltreatment causes suffering to children and families and can have long-term consequences. Maltreatment causes stress that is associated with disruption in early brain development. Extreme stress can impair the development of the nervous and immune systems. Consequently, as adults, maltreated children are at increased risk for behavioral, physical and mental health problem. Via the behavioral and mental health consequences, maltreatment can contribute to heart disease, cancer, suicide and sexually transmitted infections.
Beyond the health consequences of child maltreatment, there is an economic impact, including cost of hospitalization, mental health treatment, child welfare, and longer-term health cost.
A number of risk factor for child maltreatment have been identified. These risk factors are not present in all social and cultural contexts, but provide an overview when attempting to understand the causes of child maltreatment.
It is important to emphasize that children are the victims and are never to blame for maltreatment. A number of characteristics of an individual child may increase the likelihood of being maltreated, such as being either under four years old or an adolescent, being unwanted, or failing to fulfill the expectations of parents and having special need, crying persistently or having abnormal physical features
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the bad impact caused by child maltreatment

A:The child will behave badly in his memory of his childhood when he grows up. B:Child maltreatment hurts his nervous and immune systems. C:Child maltreatment damages his early brain development. D:The child is easily affected by many diseases in his adulthoo