相同项单选集
相同项单选集
Aspirin — a New Miracle Drug
1. Using aspirin, an over-the-counter pill on sale1 in every supermarket without a prescription, to treat serious circulatory disease may seem almost like quackery. But today doctors recognize this drug as a potent compound as important as antibiotics, digitalis and other miracle drugs.
2. In its natural form as willow bark and leaves, this remarkable remedy dates back to Hippocrates2. In 1829 the chemical in the willow tree that can relieve pain and reduce fever was discovered to be salicin. By 1899 the Bayer Company in Germanyhad marketed a variant, acetylsalicylic acid,3 under the name of aspirin.
3. Since then, aspirin and confounds containing aspirin have been taken by tens of millions of arthritis patients. As a pain killer aspirin is, according to one study, more effective than all other analgesics and narcotics available for oral use. It also acts on4 the body’s thermostat, turning down fever.
4. But some of its powers remained unsuspected until recently. In 1950 the late Dr. Craven wrote to a small western medical journal about 400 overweight, sedentary male patients to whom he had given one or two aspirin tablets a day. None had had a heart attack. He enlarged his group to 8,000 and in 1956 reported：”Not a single case of detectable coronary or cerebral thrombosis5 ” and “no major stroke” had occurred in patients who had taken one or two tablets daily for from one to ten years. But his observations were largely ignored.
5. Then Dr. Vane proved that aspirin turned off the body’s prostaglandins6 hormonelike chemicals that can be secreted by every cell. Some potent prostaglandins are harmful compounds that create fever, pain and arthritis. One of them stimulates platelets in the blood to begin forming clots inside arteries. Aspirin blocks this dangerous effect.
6. Vane’s finding caused some researchers to recall Craven’s 1956 observations, which now had a possible scientific explanation. Numerous studies were begun to find out whether aspirin could indeed inhibit heart attacks and stroke.
7. In 1972, tenUSmedical institutions began two “double-blind” trials7 of 303 patients who suffered from transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)8. Four aspirin tablets a day were given to 153 patients, while placebo tablets were given to 150. Neither patients nor doctors knew which was which. After six months, the patients on aspirin had experienced much fewer TIAs, and fewer strokes and deaths from strokes than the “controls”. The results were so conclusive that aspirin has been used for this purpose widely.
词汇：
quackery/ˈkwækəri/ n.江湖医术
narcotic/nɑ:ˈkɔtɪk/ n.麻醉药；adj.麻醉的
potent /ˈpəutənt/ adj.有效力的
thermostat/ˈθɜ:məˌstæt/ n.恒温器
antibiotic/ˌæntɪbaɪˈɔtɪk，ˌæntaɪ-/ n.抗生素；adj.抗生的
sedentary /ˈsednˌteri:/ adj.坐着的
digitalis/ˌdidʒiˈteilis/ n.毛地黄，洋地黄
prostaglandin/ˌprɔstəˈglændɪn/n. 前列腺素
willow/ˈwiləu/ n.柳树
platelet/ˈpleitlit/ n.（血）小板
bark/bɑ:k/n. 树皮
clot/klɒt/n. 凝块，血块
salicin/ˈsælisin/n. 水杨醇葡萄糖甙（镇痛药）
artery/ˈɑ:təri/n. 动脉
variant/ˈveəri:ənt，ˈvær-/n. 变种；adj.变异的
placebo/pləˈsi:bəʊ/n. 安慰剂，安慰剂治疗
arthritis/ɑ:ˈθraɪtɪs/n. 关节炎
control/kənˈtrəul/n. 对照，对照物
analgesic/kənˈtrəul/ n.止痛药；adj.止痛的
注释：
1.an over-the-counter pill on sale：摆在柜台上（不需处方）出售的药丸pill：药丸，丸剂on sale：（商店的货物等供）出售的
2.this remarkable remedy dates back to Hippocrates：这种疗效显着的治疗剂可以回溯到希波克拉底时代date back to：追溯，回溯至Hippocrates：希波克拉底（公元前460 –公元前370），希腊医生，世称“医学之父”
3.acetylsalicylic acid：乙酰水杨酸
4.act on：对……起作用
5.coronary or cerebral thrombosis ：冠状动脉血栓（形成）或者脑血栓（形成）
6.turn off the body’s prostaglandins：改变身体前列腺素的有害作用turn off：避开（问题等）；使改变方向
7.“double-blind”trial：“双盲”试验（指在药物临床评价时不让病人和医务人员知道所试药物究属何种）
8.transient ischemic attack (TIA)：一次性缺血发作
A Confirmation of the New EffectB Pain-relieving and Fever-reducing Effects of Aspirin
C The Ignored Significant Observations
D The Origin of Aspirin
E An Explanation of Craven’s Observations
F Further Findings of Dr. VaneParagraph 5
A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F
Men Too May Suffer from Domestic Violence
Nearly three in 10 men have experienced violence at the hands of1 an intimate partner during their lifetimes, according to one of the few studies to look 1 domestic violence and health among men.
“Many men actually do experience domestic violence, although we don’t hear about it 2 ,” Dr. Robert J. Reid of the University of Washington in Seattle , one of the study"s authors ，told Reuters Health. “ They often don"t tell 3 we don"t ask. We want to get the message out2 to men who 4 experience domestic violence that they are not alone and there are resources available to 5 .”
The researchers asked study participants about physical abuse and non-physical 6 , such as threats that made them 7 for3 their safety, controlling behavior (for example, being told who they could associate with and where they could go)，and constant name-calling.
Among men 18 to 54 years old, 14.2 percent said they had experienced intimate partner 8 in the past five years, while 6.1 percent reported domestic violence in the previous year.
Rates were lower for men 55 and 9 ，with 5.3 percent reporting violence in the past five years and 2.4 percent having experienced it in the past 12 months.
Overall, 30.5 percent of men younger than 55 and 26.5 percent of older men said they had been victims of 10 violence at some point in their lives. About half of the violence the men 11 was physical.
However, the physical violence men reported wasn’t as harsh as 12 suffered by women in a previous study；20 percent to 40 percent of the men rated it as severe, compared to 61 percent of 13
Men who reported experiencing domestic violence had more emotional and mental health problems 14 those who had not, especially older men, the 15 found.
词汇：
intimate /"ɪntɪmət/ adj.亲密的
name-calling n.辱骂
abuse /ə"bjuːz/ n.伤害
注释：
1. at the hands of：出自某人之手,从某人那里
2. get the message out：传达这样一个信息
3. fear for：为……担忧
空5
A:us B:him C: you D:them
Migrant Workers
In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. 1 some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the case in the Middle East1, 2 increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to 3 outsiders to improve local facilities. 4 the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USAandEurope. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, 5 SouthKoreaandJapan.
In view of the difficult living and working conditions in theMiddle East,2it is not 6 that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least 7 money in theMiddle Eastas they can in their own country, and this is a major attraction. An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it.3 This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.
Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage. 8 the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other 9 safety and comfort. 10 , many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly 11 the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge engineers who prefer to find solutions 12 problems rather than do routine work in their home country.
One major problem which 13 migrant workers in theMiddle Eastis that their jobs are temporary ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. 14 , migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of the 15 financial benefits which they receive.
词汇：
migrant /"maɪgrənt/ adj.移民的
allied /"ælaɪd; ə"laɪd/ adj.与此相关的
taxation /tæk"seɪʃən/ n.税，税款
compensate /"kɒmpenseɪt/ v.补偿
routine /ruː"tiːn/ adj.日常的
注释：
1.This is particularly the case in the Middle East...：中东地区目的情况尤为如此……
2.In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East...：由于中东地区艰苦的生活和工作条件……in view of 是个短语，表示原因或理由。
3.An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it. 一个相关的好处是这里的税收低，或者根本就不收税。
空5
A:include B:includes C:including D:included
Dreams
Everyone can dream. Indeed, everyone does dream. Those who 1 that they never dream at all actually dream 2 as frequently as the rest of us, 3 they may not remember anything about it. Even those of us who are perfectly 4 of dreaming night 5 night very seldom remember those dreams in 6 detail but1 merely retain an untidy mixture of seemingly unrelated impressions. Dreams are not simply visual-we dream with all our 7 , so that we appear to experience sound, touch, smell, and taste.
One of the world’s oldest 8 written documents is the Egyptian Book of Dreams. This volume is about five thousand years old, so you can 9 that dreams were believed to have a special significance even then. Many ancient civilizations believed that you 10 never wake a sleeping person as, during sleep, the soul had left the body and might not be able to return 11 time if the sleeper were suddenly 12 .
From ancient times to the present2 13 , people have been 14 attempts to interpret dreams and to explain their significance. There are many books available on the subject of dream interpretation, although unfortunately there are almost as many meanings for a particular dream 15 there are books.
词汇：
seldom /"seldəm/ adv.很少，不常
retain /riˈtein/ vt.保持，记住
significance /sɪg"nɪfɪkəns/ n.重要性，意义
civilisation /,sɪvɪlaɪ"zeɪʃən/ n.文明，文化
interpret /ɪn"tɜːprɪt/ vt.解释，说明，口译
interpretation /ɪntɜːprɪ"teɪʃən/ n.解释，口译
frequently /"friːkwəntlɪ/ adv.频繁地，经常地；时常，屡次
注释：
1．...very seldom remember those dreams in detail but merely retain an untidy mixture...but...不……而是……
2．From ancient times to the present...从古至今……
空5
A:considered B:known C:regarded D:estimated
Dreams
Everyone can dream. Indeed, everyone does dream. Those who 1 that they never dream at all actually dream 2 as frequently as the rest of us, 3 they may not remember anything about it. Even those of us who are perfectly 4 of dreaming night 5 night very seldom remember those dreams in 6 detail but1 merely retain an untidy mixture of seemingly unrelated impressions. Dreams are not simply visual-we dream with all our 7 , so that we appear to experience sound, touch, smell, and taste.
One of the world’s oldest 8 written documents is the Egyptian Book of Dreams. This volume is about five thousand years old, so you can 9 that dreams were believed to have a special significance even then. Many ancient civilizations believed that you 10 never wake a sleeping person as, during sleep, the soul had left the body and might not be able to return 11 time if the sleeper were suddenly 12 .
From ancient times to the present2 13 , people have been 14 attempts to interpret dreams and to explain their significance. There are many books available on the subject of dream interpretation, although unfortunately there are almost as many meanings for a particular dream 15 there are books.
词汇：
seldom /"seldəm/ adv.很少，不常
retain /riˈtein/ vt.保持，记住
significance /sɪg"nɪfɪkəns/ n.重要性，意义
civilisation /,sɪvɪlaɪ"zeɪʃən/ n.文明，文化
interpret /ɪn"tɜːprɪt/ vt.解释，说明，口译
interpretation /ɪntɜːprɪ"teɪʃən/ n.解释，口译
frequently /"friːkwəntlɪ/ adv.频繁地，经常地；时常，屡次
注释：
1．...very seldom remember those dreams in detail but merely retain an untidy mixture...but...不……而是……
2．From ancient times to the present...从古至今……
空5
A:considered B:known C:regarded D:estimated
Men Too May Suffer from Domestic Violence
Nearly three in 10 men have experienced violence at the hands of1 an intimate partner during their lifetimes, according to one of the few studies to look 1 domestic violence and health among men.
“Many men actually do experience domestic violence, although we don’t hear about it 2 ,” Dr. Robert J. Reid of the University of Washington in Seattle , one of the study"s authors ，told Reuters Health. “ They often don"t tell 3 we don"t ask. We want to get the message out2 to men who 4 experience domestic violence that they are not alone and there are resources available to 5 .”
The researchers asked study participants about physical abuse and non-physical 6 , such as threats that made them 7 for3 their safety, controlling behavior (for example, being told who they could associate with and where they could go)，and constant name-calling.
Among men 18 to 54 years old, 14.2 percent said they had experienced intimate partner 8 in the past five years, while 6.1 percent reported domestic violence in the previous year.
Rates were lower for men 55 and 9 ，with 5.3 percent reporting violence in the past five years and 2.4 percent having experienced it in the past 12 months.
Overall, 30.5 percent of men younger than 55 and 26.5 percent of older men said they had been victims of 10 violence at some point in their lives. About half of the violence the men 11 was physical.
However, the physical violence men reported wasn’t as harsh as 12 suffered by women in a previous study；20 percent to 40 percent of the men rated it as severe, compared to 61 percent of 13
Men who reported experiencing domestic violence had more emotional and mental health problems 14 those who had not, especially older men, the 15 found.
词汇：
intimate /"ɪntɪmət/ adj.亲密的
name-calling n.辱骂
abuse /ə"bjuːz/ n.伤害
注释：
1. at the hands of：出自某人之手,从某人那里
2. get the message out：传达这样一个信息
3. fear for：为……担忧
空5
A:us B:him C: you D:them
从所给的四个选项中，选择最合适的一个填入问号处，使之呈现一定规律性： 
A B C D
A:A B:B C:C D:D
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