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The Travels of Ibn Battuta

    “I left Tangier, my birthplace, the 13th of June 1325 with the intention of making the pilgrimage 1 [ to Mecca]... to leave all my friends both female and male, to abandon my home as birds abandon their nests. ” So begins an old manuscript in a library in Paris—the travel journal of Ibn Battuta.

    Almost two centuries beforeColumbus, this young Moroccan set off forMecca, returning home three decades later as one of history"s great travelers. Driven by curiosity, he journeyed to remote comers of the Islamic world, traveling through 44 modem countries, three times as far as Marco Polo. Little celebrated in the West 2, his name is well known among Arabs. In his hometown of Tangier, a square, a hotel, a cafe, a ferry boat, and even a hamburger are named after him.

    Ibn Battuta stayed inMeccaas a student for several years, but the urge to travel soon took over. In one adventure, he traveled toIndiaseeking profitable employment with the Sultan of Delhi. 3 On the way, he described his group being attacked in the open country by 80 men on foot, and two horsemen：“we fought ... killing one of their horsemen and about twelve of the foot soldiers ….I was hit by an arrow and my horse by another, but God in his grace preserved me .... We carried the heads of the slain to thecastleofAbu Bak, har ... and suspended them from the wall. ” InDelhi, the sultan gave him the position of judge, based on his prior study atMecca. But the sultan had an unpredictable character, and Ibn Battuta looked for an opportunity to leave. When the sultan offered to finance a trip toChina, he agreed. Ibn Battuta set off in three ships, but misfortune struck while he was still on the shore. A sudden storm grounded and broke up two ships, scattering treasure and drowning many people and horses. As he watched, the third ship, with all his belongings and slaves一one carrying his child—was carried out to sea and never heard from again.

    After a lifetime of incredible adventures, Ibn Battuta was finally ordered by the Sultan of Morocco to return home to share his wisdom with the world. Fortunately, he consented and wrote a book that has been translated into numerous languages, allowing people everywhere to read about his unparalleled journeys.

 

词汇：

 pilgrimage /"pilgrimidʒ/ n．朝圣，远游

ferry /"feri/ n．渡船

sultan /"sʌltən/ n．苏丹（yī sī lán jiāo 国王，某些伊斯兰国家统治者的称号）

suspend /sə"spend/ vt．吊，挂；暂停

finance /fai"næns/ v．给…提供资金

scatter /"skætə/ vt．撒播，驱散；vi．消散

consent /kən"sent/ vi．同意，赞成

slain: slay的过去分词slay/"slei/ v．杀死，杀戮

unparalleled /ʌn"pærəleld/ adj．无比的，空前的，绝无仅有的

the open country野外

foot soldier 步兵

 

注释：

1.    …with the intention of making the pilgrimage ..．……打算去朝圣……

2.    Little celebrated in the West,…虽然在西方社会不怎么知名，……

3.    …seeking profitable employment with the Sultan of Delhi.……在德里的苏丹王那里谋到了一份收人颇丰的工作。

The Sultan of Delhigave Ibn Battuta a position of judge because________.

A:the sultan needed a translator B:Ibn Battuta had been a judge before C:Ibn Battuta had studied in Mecca D:Ibn Battuta had traveled to many countries

第2篇 Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Your Weight

You hear this: "No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat. " You feel sad: "I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do" Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, "80 percent of the children of two obese (肥胖的) parents become obese, as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight. "
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting Well, dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. After more than 10 weeks, the subjects lost 45ka on average. But after leaving the hospital, they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新陈代谢)measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn’t result in normal weight, but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.
Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite. They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months, they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly baffle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true -- each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.
What did Jules Hirsch do to the eight fat people in his study

A:He let them skip supper. B:He let them skip breakfast. C:He let them run every morning and evening. D:He gave them a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.

Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Your Weight You hear this: "No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat. " You feel sad: "I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do" Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it. Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, "80 percent of the children of two obese (肥胖的) parents become obese, as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight. " How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting Well, dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. After more than 10 weeks, the subjects lost 45ka on average. But after leaving the hospital, they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新陈代谢的) measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn’t result in normal weight, but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people. Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite: They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months, they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended they were back to normal weight and stayed there. This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly baffle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true-each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

What did Jules Hirsch do to the eight fat people in his study（）

A:He let them skip supper. B:He let them skip breakfast. C:He let them run every morning and evening. D:He gave them a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.

第2篇 Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Your Weight

? ?You hear this: "No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat. " You feel sad: "I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do? " Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
? ?Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, "80 percent of the children of two obese (肥胖的) parents become obese, as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight. "
? ?How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well, dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. After more than 10 weeks, the subjects lost 45ka on average. But after leaving the hospital, they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新陈代谢的) measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn’t result in normal weight, but in an ab-normal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.
? ?Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite: They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months, they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
? ?This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly baffle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true—each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

What did Jules Hirsch do to the eight fat people in his study?

A:He let them skip supper. B:He let them skip breakfast. C:He let them run every morning and evening. D:He gave them a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.

第2篇 Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Your Weight

You hear this: "No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat. " You feel sad: "I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do" Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, "80 percent of the children of two obese (肥胖的) parents become obese, as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight. "
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting Well, dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. After more than 10 weeks, the subjects lost 45ka on average. But after leaving the hospital, they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新陈代谢)measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn’t result in normal weight, but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.
Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite. They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months, they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly baffle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true -- each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.
What did Jules Hirsch do to the eight fat people in his study

A:He let them skip supper. B:He let them skip breakfast. C:He let them run every morning and evening. D:He gave them a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.

第二篇From Ponzi to Madoff The year was 1920. The country was the United States of America. The man’s name was Charles Ponzi. Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings account. Instead, they should give it to him to save for them. Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank. For example, a savings account might pay you $ 5 a year for every $ 100 you deposit. Ponzi, however, would pay you $ 40 a year for every $ 100 you gave him to hold. Many people thought this was a good plan. They began to give their money to Ponzi. How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money people gave him: He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money. However, he also kept a lot of the money for himself. Soon he had $ 250 million. This was a kind of theft, and it was against the law. The people who gave him their money didn’t think anything was wrong. Ponzi paid them every month, just like a bank. Ponzi continued this way of working for two years. Then one day, he didn’t have enough money to pay all the people. They discovered his crime, and he went to prison for fraud. Ninety years later, people began to hear about a businessman in New York named Bernard Madoff. People said he gave good advice about money. They said when they gave him their money, he paid them a lot more than the bank. Madoff helped hospitals, schools, and individuals earn money. Over a period of 40 years, people gave him $ 170 billion. However, no one investigated what he did with the money. The people who gave Madoff their money also didn’t think anything was wrong because he paid them every month. One day, Madoff didn’t have enough money to pay all the people he needed to pay. That’s when people discovered how Madoff worked; He was taking money from some people to pay other people, just the way Charles Ponzi did. However, this time, instead of losing millions of dollars, people lost billions. Madoff was accused of fraud, and United States government officials arrested him. He didn’t have to go on trial because he said he was guilty. In 2009, a judge sentenced him to 150 years in prison. Bernard Madoff’s crime was even bigger than Ponzi’s. It was the biggest fraud in history. The lesson of this story is clear; When something seems too good to be true, it probably is! What was Ponzi’s crime?

A:He kept a lot of other peoples’ money for himself. B:He robbed the banks of millions of dollars. C:He gave people more than bank allowed. D:He didn’t pay people the interests.

　　第一篇 From Ponzi to Madoff The year was 1920. The country was the United States of America. The man’s name was Charles Ponzi. Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings account. Instead, they should give it to him to save for them. Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank. For example, a savings account might pay you $5 a year for every $100 you deposit. Ponzi, however, would pay you $40 a year for every $100 you gave him to hold. Many people thought this was a good plan. They began to give their money to Ponzi. How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money people gave him: He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money. However, he also kept a lot of the money for himself. Soon he had $250 million. This was a kind of theft, and it was against the law. The people who gave him their money didn’t think anything was wrong. Ponzi paid them every month, just like a bank. Ponzi continued this way of working for two years. Then one day, he didn’t have enough money to pay all the people. They discovered his crime, and he went to prison for fraud. Ninety years later, people began to hear about a businessman in New York named Bernard Madoff. People said he gave good advice about money. They said when they gave him their money, he paid them a lot more than the bank. Madoff helped hospitals, schools, and individuals earn money. Over a period of 40 years, people gave him $170 billion. However, no one investigated what he did with the money. The people who gave Madoff their money also didn’t think anything was wrong because he paid them every month. One day, Madoff didn’t have enough money to pay all the people he needed to pay. That’s when people discovered how Madoff worked: He was taking money from some people to pay other people, just the way Charles Ponzi did. However, this time, instead of losing millions of dollars, people lost billions. Madoff was accused of fraud, and United States government officials arrested him. He didn’t have to go on trial because he said he was guilty. In 2009, a judge sentenced him t0 150 years in prison. Bernard Madoff’s crime was even bigger than Ponzi’s. It was the biggest fraud in history. The lesson of this story is clear: When something seems too good to be true, it probably is! What was Ponzi’s crime?

A:He robbed the banks of millions of dollars. B:He gave people more than the bank did. C:He kept a lot of other people’s money for himself. D:He did not pay people their interests.

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