单选集
单选集
Motoring Techonlogy
Travelling at speed has always been risky. One cutting edge area2 of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants3. They can ensure you don’t miss crucial road signs or fall asleep. The use of artificial intelligence software allows these assistants to monitor your driving and makes sure your phone or radio doesn’t distract you at a vital moment. Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults.
1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year,plus a further 50 million injuries.To reduce car crash rate,much research now is focused on safety and new fuels-though some electric vehicle and biofuel1 research aims at going faster.
Some safety developments aim to improve your vision.Radar can spot4 obstacles in fog,while other technology“sees through”high-sided5 vehicles blocking your view6.
And improvements to seat belts,pedal controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer.The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety,as have,less surprisingly,size and shape7.
And alternatives to fossil-fuel8 based petrol, such as plant oils, are a hot area of research. Fuel cells9 based on hydrogen bum cleanly, and are the subject of a serious research effort.
But whatever is in the fuel tank, you don’t want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations, some using satellite tracking and remote communications10, to fight against car theft. These communication systems can also come into play11 if you crash, automatically calling for help.
Accidents cause many traffic jams,but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road.Such jams can be analyzed using statistical tools.Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyons’s personal chauffeur(司机),but their latest efforts suggest that won’t be soon.
词汇:
distract / dɪˈstrækt /v.使……分心，使……分散注意力
hydrogen / ˈhaɪdrədʒən /n.氢
radar / "reɪdɑ:(r) /n.雷达
innovation / ˌɪnə(ʊ)ˈveʃən /n. 革新，创新
pedal / "pedl /n.制动踏板
interplay / ˈɪntəpleɪ /n.相互影响；相互作用 fossil-fuel n.矿物燃料
chauffeur / ˈʃofɚ(r), ʃoˈfɚ(r) /n.（受雇于私人的）汽车司机
注释：
1. biofuel:生物燃料。bio(-)用于名词或形容词前，表示“使命”或“生物”。
2. cutting edge area: 最先进的领域。edge: an advantage（优势）
3. in-car assistants:车内辅助设施 4. spot:在此作动词用，意思是:看见。
5. high-sided:高大的；其反义词为low-sided:矮小的。
6. blocking your view:挡住你的视线
7. The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size and shape:人们发现车的颜色与安全有关，令人不会感到惊讶的是，车的大小和形状也与安全有关。as have, less surprisingly, size and shape可以理解为as, less surprisingly, size and shape have been linked with safety。
8. fossil fuel:指煤、石油、天然气等矿物燃料。
9. fuel cell:燃料电池
10.satellite tracking and remote communications:卫星跟踪和远程通讯
11. come into play:起作用
What are researchers interested in doing as the road accidents worldwide increase to a shocking rate?
A:They are developing faster electric vehicles. B:They are analyzing road deaths occurring worldwide every year. C:They focus their research on safety and new fuels. D:They are designing fully automatic cars.
With the development of the global economy, many companies state their basic objective of engaging in a worldwide manufacturing business and claim that they are or are becoming a multinational company.
Some economists (1) between the international firm and the multinational company in the following way: the "international firm" is a term that (2) enterprises with various degrees of world orientation in their business; (3) , the "multinational company" is one type of international firm. The international firm engages in any activity or (4) of activities from exporting, importing and licensing to full scale manufacturing in a number of countries. The international (5) of such a company varies from the point at which overseas sales and profits take on importance and top management begins to (6) some attention to them to the stage (7) the company is globally oriented in its marketing, production, (8) , and other decisions and considers alternative opportunities around the world.
When a company reaches the latter stage, it becomes (9) . Thus, the multinational company is one type of international company. It is a (10) developed international company with a deep worldwide involvement and a global (11) in its management and decision making. More (12) , the multinational company in manufacturing does business in a number of countries; it has a substantial commitment of its resources in international business; it (13) international production in a number of countries; and it has a (14) perspective in its management. Significant (15) exist among multinational companies. First, such a company may not (16) do business in every region and country in the world, (17) it considers opportunities throughout the world. Second, it has a (18) portion of its assets invested in international business; (19) it makes a substantial part of its sales and earns a considerable part of its (20) overseas.
A:citywide B:countrywide C:nationwide D:worldwide
With the development of the global economy, many companies state their basic objective of engaging in a worldwide manufacturing business and claim that they are or are becoming a multinational company.
Some economists (1) between the international firm and the multinational company in the following way: the "international firm" is a term that (2) enterprises with various degrees of world orientation in their business; (3) , the "multinational company" is one type of international firm. The international firm engages in any activity or (4) of activities from exporting, importing and licensing to full scale manufacturing in a number of countries. The international (5) of such a company varies from the point at which overseas sales and profits take on importance and top management begins to (6) some attention to them to the stage (7) the company is globally oriented in its marketing, production, (8) , and other decisions and considers alternative opportunities around the world.
When a company reaches the latter stage, it becomes (9) . Thus, the multinational company is one type of international company. It is a (10) developed international company with a deep worldwide involvement and a global (11) in its management and decision making. More (12) , the multinational company in manufacturing does business in a number of countries; it has a substantial commitment of its resources in international business; it (13) international production in a number of countries; and it has a (14) perspective in its management. Significant (15) exist among multinational companies. First, such a company may not (16) do business in every region and country in the world, (17) it considers opportunities throughout the world. Second, it has a (18) portion of its assets invested in international business; (19) it makes a substantial part of its sales and earns a considerable part of its (20) overseas.
A:citywide B:countrywide C:nationwide D:worldwide
Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 Points) With the development of the global economy, many companies state their basic objective of engaging in a worldwide manufacturing business and claim that they are or are becoming a multinational company. Some economists (1) between the international firm and the multinational company in the following way: the "international firm" is a term that (2) enterprises with various degrees of world orientation in their business; (3) , the "multinational company" is one type of international firm. The international firm engages in any activity or (4) of activities from exporting, importing and licensing to full scale manufacturing in a number of countries. The international (5) of such a company varies from the point at which overseas sales and profits take on importance and top management begins to (6) some attention to them to the stage (7) the company is globally oriented in its marketing, production, (8) , and other decisions and considers alternative opportunities around the world. When a company reaches the latter stage, it becomes (9) . Thus, the multinational company is one type of international company. It is a (10) developed international company with a deep worldwide involvement and a global (11) in its management and decision making. More (12) , the multinational company in manufacturing does business in a number of countries; it has a substantial commitment of its resources in international business; it (13) international production in a number of countries; and it has a (14) perspective in its management. Significant (15) exist among multinational companies. First, such a company may not (16) do business in every region and country in the world, (17) it considers opportunities throughout the world. Second, it has a (18) portion of its assets invested in international business; (19) it makes a substantial part of its sales and earns a considerable part of its (20) overseas.
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.9（）A:citywide B:countrywide C:nationwide D:worldwide
What are researchers interested in doing as the road accidents worldwide increase to a shocking rate?
A:They are developing faster electric vehicles． B:They are analyzing road deaths occurring worldwide every year． C:They focus their research on safety and new fuels． D:They are designing fully automatic cars．
Cigarettes and mental illness have always tend to go together. An estimated 1.25 billionpeople smoke worldwide. Yet people who are depressed or anxious are twice as likely to smoke, and up to 88 per cent of those with psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia are smokers. A recent American survey concluded that around half of all cigarettes bum in the fingers of those with mental illness.
Recent American survey showed that.
A:there are 1.25 billion smokers worldwide. B:88% of people with psychotic disorders are smokers. C:about 625 million smokers have mental problems. D:2.5 billion people have mental problems worldwid
Face Masks May Not Protect from Super-Flu If a super-flu strikes, face masks may not protect you. Whether widespread use of masks will help, or harm,during the next worldwide flu outbreak is a question that researchers are studying furiously. No results have come from their mask research yet. However, the government says people should consider wearing them certain stations anyway, just in case. But it’s a question the public keeps asking while the government is makingpreparations for the next flu pandemic （大流行）.So the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention （CDC） came up with preliminary guidelines. "We don’t want People wearing them everywhere," said the CDC. The overall recommendation really is to avoid exposure.” When that is not possible, the guidelines say you should consider wearing a simple surgical mask if you are in one of the three following situations. First, you’re healthy and can’t avoid going to a crowded place. Second, you’re sick and think you may have close contact with the healthy, such as a family member checking on you. Third, you live with someone who’s sick and thus might be in the early stages of infection, but still need to go out. Influenza pandemics can strike when the easy-to-mutate （变异）flu virus shifts to a strain（菌株）that people never have experienced. Scientists cannot predict when the next pandemic will arrive, although concern is rising that the Asian bird flu might trigger one if it starts spreading easily from person to person. During the flu pandemic, you should protect yourself. Avoid crowds, and avoid close contact with the sick unless you must care for someone. Why aren’t masks added to this self-protection list? Because they can help trap virus-laden droplets flying through the air with a cough or sneeze. Simple surgical masks only filter the larger droplets （飞沫）. Besides, the CDC is afraid masks may create a false sense of security. Perhaps someone who should have stayed home would don（戴）an ill-fitting mask and hop on the subway instead. Nor does flu only spread through the air. Say someone covers a sneeze with his or her hand, then touches a doorknob or subway pole. If you touch that spot next and then put germy hands on your nose or mouth, you’ve been exposed. It’s harder to rub your nose while wearing a mask, so your face may get pretty sweaty under masks. You reach under to wipe that sweat, and may transfer germs caught on the outside of the mask straight to the nose. These are the problems face masks may create for their users. Whether people should or should not use face masks still remains a question. The general public has to wait patiently for the results of the mask research scientists are still doing. What is the passage mainly about?
A:Widespread use of face masks. B:Possibility of a worldwide flu outbreak C:New discoveries of a face mask research. D:Effectiveness of wearing face masks
The first ball to drop - an illuminated 400 - pound iron - and - wood globe—was lowered from a flagpole. Tradition took root and the ball has announced a new beginning almost every year since—in 1942 and 1943, during World War II, the ball was temporarily put out of commission by a war - time" dimout. "Instead crowds gathered in the square and observed a moment of silence before cheering. Although the newspaper moved to a different location in 1914,the ball remained a Times Square tradition, with several redecorations along the way. @In 1955 it slimmed down to a 200 - pound aluminum(铝) globe, and remained that way until the 1980s when red lights and a green stem were added to make it an apple promoting the city ’s "I Love New York" tourism campaign. That flashy phase ended in 1988 in favor of simple white lights, followed later by rhinestones (莱茵石) with edges and strobes (频闪闪光灯). But the biggest checkup was saved for the ball that would ring in the new millennium. Weighing up to 1,070 pounds, the massive new ball marketed handcrafted Waterford crystal triangles, each with a design symbolizing various messages such as" Hope for Fellowship," "Hope for Wisdom" and" Hope for Abundance. "With minor changes, that. sphere remained through the 2007 festival
This year’s ball tops out at 12 feet in diameter (double the size of previous balls) and weighs11, 875 pounds; it sparkles with 32,256 LED lights and 2,668 crystals. It’s not the only thing that’s gotten bigger since the 1900s;a crowd estimated at a million people will be celebrating in Times Square on Dec. 31st, and millions more will be watching worldwide.
What makes this year’s ball special compared with the other ones
A:It is a worldwide attraction. B:There are crystals on it. C:It’s twice the size of other ones. D:It sparkles with lights.
