On the afternoon of April 19th, 1587, Sir Francis Dr. ake led his convoy of 31 ships into the port of Cadiz, (1) the Spanish navy was being prepared to (2) England. The Spanish were (3) completely by surprise, and Dr. ake’s men quickly looted, sank or burnt every ship in sight. After clearing the harhour of stores and (4) off a Spanish attack,Dr, aka and his ships (5) without the loss of a single man. Back in England, Dr. aka became a national hero, and his daring attack became known as the "singeing of the King of Spain’s beard".
As well as (6) back the Spanish plan to invade England by several months, Dr. ake’s daring attack (7) the success of a popular new drink. For among the stores that he (8) from Cadiz were 2,900 large barrels of sack, a wine made in the Jerez region of Spain, and the (9) of today’s sherry. The wine makers of Jerez looked for overseas markets, and sack started to take off in England. In 1587, the celebratory drinking of the sack brought back from Cadiz by Dr. ake gave it a further (10) and made it hugely fashionable, (11) its Spanish origin.
For (12) chemical reasons, sack was an unusually long-lasting and (13) wine. This made it ideal for taking on long sea voyages, (14) which alcoholic drinks acted as a vital social lubricant that (15) the hardship of spending weeks packed into a (16) ship. Columbus took sack with him to the new world in the 1490s, making it the first wine to be (17) into the Americas.
In 1604, sack was (18) official recognition of (19) when James I (20) an ordinance limiting its consumption at court. By this time sack was popularly known as sherris-sack (sherris being a corruption of Jerez), which eventually became the modern word sherry
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.4（）
A:fending B:fencing C:defeating D:bringing
This self-defeating warning has now been removed, but its message is still very much to the point.
"A MOMENT'S INATTENTION CAUSES ACCIDENTS" (Line 2, Para. 1) is a self-defeating warning because ______.
A:it tells drivers not to go fast B:it will distract the driver's attention C:it is too difficult to understand D:it is too long to be read quickly
The government is debating the education laws.（ ）
A:discussing B:defeating C:delaying D:declining
{{B}}第三篇{{/B}}
|
Egypt Felled by Famine
?
?Even ancient Egypts mighty pyramid builders were powerless in the face of
the famine that helped bring down their civilian around 2180 BC. Now evidence
gleaned(搜集) from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in
climate thousands of kilometers to the south was ultimately to blem -- and the
same or worse could happen today.
? ?The ancient Egyptians depended
on the Niles annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate
that pushed the African monsoons(季风)southwards out of Ethiopia would have
diminished these floods.
? ?Dwindling(逐渐变少；使变少)rains in the
Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to establish the soil. When
rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and
into Egypt, along with sediment(沉积；沉积物)from the White Nile.
? ?The
Blue Nile mud has a different isotope signature(签名；特征) from that of the White
Nile. So by analyzing isotope(同位素；核素)differences in mud deposited in the Nile
Delta, Michael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment
came from each branch of the river.
? ?Krom reasons that during
periods of drought, the amount of the Blue Nile mud in the river would be
relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4,500 to 4,200 years
ago, immediately predates the fall of the Egypts Old Kingdom.
?
?The weakened waters would have been catastrophic for the Egyptians.
Changes that affect food supply dont have to be very large to have a ripple
effect in societies, says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth
Observatory(天文台)in New York.
? ?"Similar events today could be even
more devastating, " says team member Daniel Stanley, a
geoarchaeologist(地质考古学家) from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D. C.
"Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect
along the Nile system because the populations have increased dramatically.
" |
The word "devastating" in the last paragraph could be best replaced by
A:frustrating. B:damaging. C:defeating. D:worrying.
The government is debating the education laws.
A:discussing B:defeating C:delaying D:declining
Hercules finally managed to get the apples by defeating Atlas.
A:A． B:B． C:C．
Hercules finally managed to get the apples by defeating Atlas.
A:A． B:B． C:C．
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