相同项单选集
相同项单选集
In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the US equal. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies. They formed utopian communities, which they called "communes", where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing". A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City". Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built dome shaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey’s Merry Pranksters, the followers of San Francisco poet Steve Gaskin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school houses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm became famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin’s followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the group were arrested for growing marijuana.
Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do your own thing", however. Twin Oaks, a commune founded in Virginia in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B. F. Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner’s "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2,500 people will live closely together in one large building called an " archeology". Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.
Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live
A:In dome shaped house. B:In old school houses. C:On a farm in Tennessee. D:In an archeology in Arizona.
When aluminum was first produced about a hundred and fifty years ago, it was so difficult to separate from the ores in which it was found that its price was higher than that of gold. The price remained high until a new process was discovered for refining the metal with the aid of electricity approximately three quarters of a century later. The new method was so much cheaper that aluminum became practical for many purposes, one of which was making pots and pans.
Aluminum is lightweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms. By mixing it with other metals, scientists have been able to produce a variety of alloys, some of which have the strength of steel but weigh only one third as much.
Today, the uses of aluminum are innumerable. Perhaps its most important use is in transportation. Aluminum is found in the engine of automobiles, in the hulls of boats. It is also used in many parts of airplanes. In fact, the huge "airbus" planes would probably never have been produced if aluminum did not exist. By making vehicles lighter in weight aluminum has greatly reduced the amount of fuel needed to move them. Aluminum is also being used extensively in the building industry in some countries.
Since aluminum is such a versatile(多用的) metal, it is fortunate that bauxite(铝土矿), which is one of its chief sources, is also one of the earth’s most plentiful substances. As the source of aluminum is almost inexhaustible, we can expect that more and more uses will be found for this versatile metal.
A:lightweight, rustproof but not easily shaped into different forms B:heavyweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms C:lightweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms D:lightweight and easily shaped into different forms but it is easy to become rusty
Passage Two
| In the 1960s, many young Americans were
dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to
make all the people in the U.S. equal. Some of them de tided to "drop out" of
American society and form their own societies. They formed utopian communities,
which they called "communes", where they could follow their philosophy of "do
your own thing". A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado
called "Drop City". Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster
Fuller, they built dome- shaped house from pieces of old cars. Other groups,
such as author Ken Kesey’s Merry Pranksters, the followers of San Francisco poet
Steve Gaskin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school
buses and travelled around the United States. The Hog Farm became famous when
they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin’s
followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tenessee, but they had to leave when
some members of the group were arrested for growing marijuana. Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do your own thing" however; Twin Oaks, a commune founded in Virginia in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B. F. Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner’s "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972,Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city in Arizona where 2,500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archaeology". Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one. |
A:in dome shaped houses B:in old school buses C:on a farm in Tennessee D:in an archaeology in Arizona
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。
{{B}}第一篇{{/B}}
(2002年理工A级阅读理解考题)
| ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? {{B}}Space-Age
Archeology{{/B}} ? ?It’s a strange partnership, but a very effective one: Satellites and space-shuttle-carried radar are helping archeologists. How? By "seeing" through sand or through treetops to locate important archeological sites. ? ?The traditional tools for archeologists are shovels and picks. But high technology is making the archeologist’s work and time far more productive. ? ?Take for example, the second 1981 flight of the Space Shuttle Challenger. During the mission, a powerful, experimental radar was pointed at a lifeless stretch of desert in Egypt called the Selima Sand Sheet(part of the Sahara Desert). To everyone’s surprise, the radar penetrated through the sand to the harder rock beneath. On the surface, there is a little indication that Africa’s Sahara Desert was never anything but a desert. When the archeologists studied the radar images, they saw what seemed to be impossible: there was sand-buried landscape that was shaped by flowing water; traces of ancient riverbeds appeared to be over nine miles wide, far wider than most sections of the present-day Nile River. Today, the area is one of the hottest, driest desert in the world. ? ?Archeologists dug pits along the old river banks and found clues to the past: stream-rounded pebbles (鹅卵石), Stone-Age axes, broken ostrich (鸵鸟) eggshells, and the shells of land snails. The archeologists were quite pleased with these findings. For years, they’d been finding stone axes scattered through the desert, and couldn’t understand why. Now we know that early humans were living on the banks of old rivers, and left their beautiful tools behind. Some are so sharp that you could shave with them. ? ?More recently, Landsat 4, a special earth-mapping satellite, aided in the discovery of ancient Mayan ruins in Mexico. Lansat can, with the help of false-color imagery, "see through" much of the area. Armed with these maps, a five-person expedition took to the air in a helicopter. ? ?By the end of the second day, the team found a stretch of walled fields that expedition members said look like "old New England fences". They just go on, non-stop, for 40 miles. Later in the week, an ancient village was pinpointed, as was the "lost" city of Oxpemul, once found in the early 1930’s but quickly reclaimed by the jungle. The findings made them able to map the extent of the Mayan civilization in about five days. Working on foot, it would have taken at least 100 years. |
A:It was an old avenue. B:It was an underground river. C:It was shaped by flowing river. D:It was shaped by the old Nile River.
{{B}}第二篇{{/B}}
| {{B}}? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?Walking Robot Carries a Person{{/B}} ? ?The first walking robot capable of carrying a person unveiled on Friday in Tokyo, Japan. Its creators at Waseda University in Tokyo and the Japanese robotics company Tmsuk hope their two-legged creation will one day enable wheel-chair users to climb up and down the stairs and assist the movement of heavy goods over uneven ground. ? ?The battery-powered robot, code-named WL-16, is essentially an aluminium chair mounted on two sets of telescopic poles. The poles are bolted to flat plates which act as feet. WL-16 uses 12 actuators (传动装置) to move forwards, backwards and sideways while carrying an adult weighing up to 60 kilograms (130 pounds). The robot can adjust its body and walk smoothly even if the person it is carrying shifts in the chair. At present it can only step up or down a few millimeters, but the team plans to make it capable of dealing with a normal flight of stairs. ? ?"I believe this bipedal (两足的) robot, which I prefer to call a two-legged walking chair rather than a wheel-chair, will eventually enable people to go up and down the stairs," said Atsuo Takanishi, from Waseda University. ? ?"We have had strong robots for some time but usually they have been manipulators, they have not been geared to carrying people around," says Ron Arkin, at the Georgia Institute of Technology and robotics consultant for Sony. "But I don’t know how safe and how user-friendly WL-16 is." ? ?Tmsuk chief executive Yoichi Takamoto argues that bipedal or multi-legged robots will be more useful than so-called "caterpillar (毛毛虫) models" for moving over uneven ground. ? ?WL-16’s normal walking step measures 30 centimetres, but it can stretch its legs to 136 cm apart. The prototype (原型) is currently radio-controlled, but the research team plans to equip it with a stick-like controller for the user in future. Takanishi said it will take "at least two years" to develop the WL-16 prototype into a working model. ? ?Smaller, ground-hugging (紧贴地面行走的) robots have been developed to pass across tricky ground. One maggot-like (像蛆一样的) device uses a magnetic fluid to pulse its way along, while another snake-like robot uses smart software to devise new movement strategies if the landscape affects any one part. One ball-shaped robot even uses a leap-and-bounce approach to travel over rough territory. But none of these are big or strong enough to carry a person too. |
A:Maggot-like robots. B:Snake-like robots. C:Chair-shaped robots. D:Ball-shaped robots.
第二篇 Walking Robot Carries a Person The first walking robot capable of carrying a person unveiled on Friday in Tokyo, Japan. Its creators at Waseda University in Tokyo and the Japanese robotics company Tmsuk hope their two-legged creation will one day enable wheel-chair users to climb up and down the stairs and assist the movement of heavy goods over uneven ground. The battery-powered robot, code-named WL-16, is essentially an aluminium chair mounted on two sets of telescopic poles. The poles are bolted to flat plates which act as feet. WL-16 uses 12 actuators (传动装置) to move forwards, backwards and sideways while carrying an adult weighing up to 60 kilograms (130 pounds). The robot can adjust its body and walk smoothly even if the person it is carrying shifts in the chair. At present it can only step up or down a few millimeters, but the, team plans to make it capable of dealing with a normal flight of stairs. I believe this bipedal (两足的) robot, which I prefer to call a two-legged walking chair rather than a wheel-chair, will eventually enable people to go up and down the stairs," said Atsuo Takanishi, from Waseda University. "We have had strong robots for some time but usually they have been manipulators, they have not been geared to carrying people around," says Ron Arkin, at the Georgia Institute of Technology and robotics consultant for Sony. "But I don’t know how safe and how user-friendly WL-16 is." Tmsuk chief executive Yoichi Takamoto argues that bipedal or multi-legged robots will be more useful than so-called "caterpillar (毛毛虫) models" for moving over uneven ground. WL-16’s normal walking step measures 30 centimetres, but it can stretch its legs to 136 cm apart. The prototype (原型) is currently radio-controlled, but the research team plans to equip it with a stick-like controller for the user in future. Takanishi said it will take "at least two years" to develop the WL-16 prototype into a working model. Smaller, ground-hugging (紧贴地面行走的) robots have been developed to pass across tricky ground. One maggot-like (像蛆一样的) device uses a magnetic fluid to pulse its way along, while another snake-like robot uses smart software to devise new movement strategies if the landscape affects any one part. One ball-shaped robot even uses a leap-and-bounce approach to travel over rough territory. But none of these are big or strong enough to carry a person too. Which type of robot is NOI mentioned in the last paragraph?
A:Maggot-like robots. B:Snake-like robots. C:Ball-shaped robots. D:Chair-shaped robots.
{{B}}第二篇{{/B}}
| ? ?
Walking Robot Carries a
Person ? ?The first walking robot capable of carrying a person unveiled on Friday in Tokyo, Japan. Its creators at Waseda University in Tokyo and the Japanese robotics company Tmsuk hope their two-leg-ged creation will one day enable wheel-chair users to climb up and down the stairs and assist the movement of heavy goods over uneven ground. ? ?The battery-powered robot, code-named WL-16, is essentially an aluminium chair mounted on two sets of telescopic poles. The poles are bolted to flat plates which act as feet. WL-16 uses 12 actuators (传动装置) to move forwards, backwards and sideways while carrying an adult weighing up to 60 kilograms (130 pounds). The robot can adjust its body and walk smoothly even if the person it is carrying shifts in the chair. At present it can only step up or down A few millimeters, but the team plans to make it capable of dealing with a normal flight of stairs. ? ?"I believe this bipedal (两足的) robot, which I prefer to call a two-legged walking chair rather than a wheel-chair, will eventually enable people to go up and down the stairs. " said Atsuo Takanishi, from Waseda University. ? ?"We have had strong robots for some time but usually they have been manipulators, they have not been geared to carrying people around. " says Ron Arkin, at the Georgia Institute of Technology and robotics consultant for Sony. "But I don’t know how safe and how user-friendly WL-16 is. " ? ?Tmsuk chief executive Yoichi Takamoto argues that bipedal or multi-legged robots will be more useful than so-called "caterpillar (毛毛虫) models" for moving over uneven ground. ? ?WL-16’s normal walking step measures 30 centimeters, but it can stretch its legs to 136 cm a part. The prototype (原型) is currently radio-controlled, but the research team plans to equip it with a stick-like controller for the user in future. Takanishi said it will take "at least two years" to develop the WL-16 prototype into a working model. ? ?Smaller, ground-hugging (紧贴地面行走的) robots have been developed to pass across tricky ground. One maggot-like (像蛆一样的) device uses a magnetic fluid to pulse its way along, while another snake-like robot uses smart software to devise new movement strategies if the landscape affects any one part. One ball-shaped robot even uses a leap-and-bounce approach to travel over rough territory. But none of these are big or strong enough to carry a person too. |
A:Maggot-like robots. B:Snake-like robots. C:Ball-shaped robots. D:Chair-shaped robots.
{{B}}第三篇{{/B}}
| ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? {{B}}Space-Age Archeology{{/B}} ? ?It’s a strange partnership, but a very effective one: Satellites and space-shuttle-carried radar are helping archeologists. How? By "seeing" through sand or through treetops to locate important archeological sites. ? ?The traditional tools for archeologists are shovels and picks. But high technology is making the archeologist’s work and time far more productive. ? ?Take, for example, the second 1981 flight of the Space Shuttle Challenger. During the mission, a powerful, experimental radar was pointed at a lifeless stretch of desert in Egypt called the Selima Sand Sheet (part of the Sahara Desert). To everyone’s surprise, the radar penetrated through the sand to the harder rock beneath. On the surface, there is a little indication that Africa’s Sahara Desert was never anything but a desert. When the archeologists studied the radar images, they saw what seemed to be impossible: there was sand-buried landscape that was shaped by flowing water; traces of ancient riverbeds appeared to be over nine miles wide, far wider than most sections of the present-day Nile River. Today, the area is one of the hottest, driest desert in the world. ? ?Archeologists dug pits along the old river banks and found clues to the past: stream-rounded pebbles (鹅卵石), Stone-Age axes, broken ostrich (鸵鸟) eggshells, and the shells of land snails. The archeologists were quite pleased with these findings. For years, they’d been finding stone axes scattered through the desert, and couldn’t understand why. Now we know that early humans were living on the banks of old rivers, and left their beautiful tools behind. Some are so sharp that you could shave with them. ? ?More recently, Landsat 4, a Special earth-mapping satellite, aided in the discovery of ancient Mayan ruins in Mexico. Lansat can, with the help of false-color imagery, "see through" much of the area. Armed with these maps, a five-person expedition took to the air in a helicopter. ? ?By the end of the second day, the team found a stretch of walled fields that expedition members said look like ’"old New England fences". They just go on, non-stop, for 40 miles. Later in the week, an ancient village was pinpointed, as was the "lost” city of Oxpemul, once found in the early 1930’s but quickly reclaimed by the jungle. The findings made them able to map the extent of the Mayan civilization in about five days. Working on foot, it would have taken at least 100 years. |
A:It was an old avenue. B:It was an underground river. C:It was shaped by flowing fiver. D:It was shaped by the old Nile River
In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the US equal. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies. They formed utopian communities, which they called "communes", where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing". A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City". Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built dome shaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey’s Merry Pranksters, the followers of San Francisco poet Steve Gaskin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school houses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm became famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin’s followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the group were arrested for growing marijuana.
Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do your own thing", however. Twin Oaks, a commune founded in Virginia in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B. F. Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner’s "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2,500 people will live closely together in one large building called an " archeology". Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.
Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live
A:In dome shaped house. B:In old school houses. C:On a farm in Tennessee. D:In an archeology in Arizona.
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