Reading Comprehension Directions:There are two passages in this part、 Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements、 For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D、 You should decide on the best choice、 Questions 56-60 are based on Passage One: Passage One A recent study indicates that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens、 But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities、 These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines、 In general, these “short sleepers” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices、 They often held several jobs at once, or work fullor parttime while going to school、 And many of them had a strong urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their friends and associates、 When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly、 More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering、 In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away、 The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic、 The “long sleepers” were quite different indeed、 According to the study, these young men had lengthy sleeps since childhood、 They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest、 They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers”、 Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted, inhibited, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations)、 Several openly state that sleep was an escape from their daily problems、

When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might （）.

A:appear disturbed B:become energetic C:feel dissatisfied D:be extremely depressed

Passage One A recent study indicates that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines. In general, these “short sleepers” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or work fullor parttime while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their friends and associates. When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away. The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic. The “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. According to the study, these young men had lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers”. Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted, inhibited, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly state that sleep was an escape from their daily problems. When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might （　）.

A:appear disturbed B:become energetic C:feel dissatisfied D:be extremely depressed

First, the spotted owl was threatened by logging in the Pacific Northwest. Now it’s in danger from a new enemy, the barred owl. Barred owls have been moving to the Northwest from the eastern part of the United States. Stan Sovern has studied spotted owls. Now when he calls for spotted owls, barred owls are starting to appear. Sovern threw a mouse on the ground, and a barred owl grabbed it.
Scientists have learned that spotted owls start to vanish when barred owls come. Some barred and spotted owls have mated and produced hybrid babies. One spotted owl was killed by a barred owl.
Professor Ned K. Brown of the University of California-Berkeley says, "In some areas of Washington, the barred owls moved into very dense, deep woods. The same kind of woods that are opened up, or destroyed by logging, that adversely influences the spotted owls."
Ten years have passed since the federal government began protecting the spotted owl. Loggers were forced to limit logging on seven million acres of government land. No one is sure how the arrival of the barred owls will impact laws that protect spotted laws. The barred owls like to live in the deep forests where loggers like to cut down trees. The barred owls will likely keep migrating to the Northwest.

When Stan Sovern calls the spotted owl, （）

A:a mouse appears B:the spotted owl ignores him C:no one answers D:barred owls appear

First, the spotted owl was threatened by logging in the Pacific Northwest. Now it’s in danger from a new enemy, the barred owl. Barred owls have been moving to the Northwest from the eastern part of the United States. Stan Sovem has studied spotted owls. Now when he calls for spotted owls, barred owls are starting to appear. Sovem threw a mouse on the ground, and a barred owl grabbed it.
Scientists have learned that spotted owls start to vanish when barred owls come. Some barred and spotted owls have mated and produced hybrid babies. One spotted owl was killed by a barred owl.
Professor Ned K. Brown of the University of California-Berkeley says, "In some areas of Washington, the barred owls moved into very dense, deep woods. The same kind of woods that are opened up, or destroyed by logging, that adversely influences the spotted owls."
Ten years have passed since the federal government began protecting the spotted owl. Loggers were forced to limit logging on seven million acres of government land. No one is sure how the arrival of the barred owls will impact laws that protect spotted laws. The barred owls like to live in the deep forests where loggers like to cut down trees. The barred owls will likely keep migrating to the Northwest.

When Stan Sovem calls the spotted owl,（）

A:a mouse appears B:the spotted owl ignores him C:no one answers D:barred owls appear

Passage Three
Humanity is a new experiment on planet Earth. For most of its history, life on Earth was restricted to the sea. Living things began to populate the land slightly over 400 million years ago, and humans have existed for no more than 3 million years.
One way to represent the evolution of tire is to compress the 4.6-billion-year history of Earth into a 1-year-long film. In such a film, Earth forms as the film begins on January 1, and through all of January and February it cools and is cratered (变成坑状) and the first oceans form. But those oceans remain lifeless until sometime in March or early April, when the first living things develop. The 4-billion-year history of Precambrian (前赛武纪) evolution lasts until the film reaches mid-November, when primitive ocean life begins to evolve into complex organisms such as trilobites (三叶虫).
If we examine the land instead of the oceans, we find a lifeless waste. But once our film shows plant and animal life on the land, about November 28, evolution proceeds rapidly. Dinosaurs, for example, appear about December 12 and vanish by Christmas Eve, as mammals (哺乳动物) and birds flourish.
Throughout the 1-year-run of our film there are no humans, and even during the last days of the year as the mammals rise and dominate the landscape, there are no people. In the early evening of December 31, vaguely human forms move through the grasslands, and by late evening they begin making stone tools. The Stone Age lasts until about 11:45 pm, and the first signs of civilization, towns and cities, do not appear until 11: 54 pm. The Christian era begins only 14 seconds before the New Year, and the Declaration of Independence is signed with I second to spare.

In the one-year-long film dinosaurs （）

A:die out on December 25 B:appear after December 25 C:die out on December 24 D:appear on December 24

Passage Five
First, the spotted owl was threatened by logging in the Pacific Northwest. Now it’s in danger from a new enemy, the barred owl. Barred owls have been moving to the Northwest from the eastern part of the United States. Stan Sovern has studied spotted owls. Now when he calls for spotted owls, barred owls are starting to appear. Sovern threw a mouse on the ground, and a barred owl grabbed it.
Scientists have learned that spotted owls start to vanish when barred owls come. Some barred and spotted owls have mated and produced hybrid babies. One spotted owl was killed by a barred owl.
Professor Ned K. Brown of the University of California-Berkeley says, "In some areas of Washington, the barred owls moved into very dense, deep woods. The same kind of woods that are opened up, or destroyed by logging, that adversely influences the spotted owls."
Ten years have passed since the federal government began protecting the spotted owl. Loggers were forced to limit logging on seven million acres of government land. No one is sure how the arrival of the barred owls will impact laws that protect spotted laws. The barred owls like to live in the deep forests where loggers like to cut down trees. The barred owls will likely keep migrating to the Northwest.

When Stan Sovern calls the spotted owl, （　）

A:a mouse appears B:the spotted owl ignores him C:no one answers D:barred owls appear

Passage Five

When Stan Sovem calls the spotted owl,______.

A:a mouse appears B:the spotted owl ignores him C:no one answers D:barred owls appear

Passage Three Humanity is a new experiment on planet Earth. For most of its history, life on Earth was restricted to the sea. Living things began to populate the land slightly over 400 million years ago, and humans have existed for no more than 3 million years. One way to represent the evolution of tire is to compress the 4.6-billion-year history of Earth into a 1-year-long film. In such a film, Earth forms as the film begins on January 1, and through all of January and February it cools and is cratered (变成坑状) and the first oceans form. But those oceans remain lifeless until sometime in March or early April, when the first living things develop. The 4-billion-year history of Precambrian (前赛武纪) evolution lasts until the film reaches mid-November, when primitive ocean life begins to evolve into complex organisms such as trilobites (三叶虫). If we examine the land instead of the oceans, we find a lifeless waste. But once our film shows plant and animal life on the land, about November 28, evolution proceeds rapidly. Dinosaurs, for example, appear about December 12 and vanish by Christmas Eve, as mammals (哺乳动物) and birds flourish. Throughout the 1-year-run of our film there are no humans, and even during the last days of the year as the mammals rise and dominate the landscape, there are no people. In the early evening of December 31, vaguely human forms move through the grasslands, and by late evening they begin making stone tools. The Stone Age lasts until about 11:45 pm, and the first signs of civilization, towns and cities, do not appear until 11: 54 pm. The Christian era begins only 14 seconds before the New Year, and the Declaration of Independence is signed with I second to spare.

In the one-year-long film dinosaurs（）

A:die out on December 25 B:appear after December 25 C:die out on December 24 D:appear on December 24

You can’t choose the name you are given at birth, but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood. Of course, most people never change their names (51) they feel unhappy about them. However, some people do (52) this course of action—particularly artists! What makes an artist want to change their name Sometimes it’s for purely (53) reasons, such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile, Neflali Reyes. He didn’t want his father to (54) he was writing poetry, so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man. (55) other times the reason may appear eccentric; take the case of the Portuguese poet Femando Pessoa, (56) wrote under 75 different names. The reason is "When I use a different name, I always write in a different way," he explained. In most cases, (57) ,the reason is for social, historical, political, or cultural reasons. Here are some of most (58) .
The person’s real name is jus (59) long and difficult to remember. Let’s be honest, Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as (60) to remember as just plain "Madonna". And short names are much easier to remember: William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele.
Sometimes names are changed for marketing (61) .For example, if a name sounds too "foreign", it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a (62) . So in the film world, Ramon Estsvez adopted the name Martin Sheen. Or maybe the artist’s doesn’t sound very attractive—Chad Everett does (63) a lot better than Raymond Cramto.
Artists sometimes (64) the name of someone they admire. Robert Zimmennan changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet, Dylan Thomas.
Another reason may be practicality: in the past, women found it very difficult to get published. To (65) this situation the situation they sometimes gave themselves men’s names, so the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot, and she did get her books published!

A:look B:sound C:appear D:seem