Text 4
Changes in the economy, Europe’ s reunification and technological evolution challenge our educational system. Vocational education will be particularly touched. It will be then necessary to intervene in the field of higher vocational education. Their level of education has to be qualitatively redefined and adapted to current demands. Professionals will have new chances of promotion through these reforms. At this point, vocational education has to define itself as being equal to high school-university courses, while keeping its particularities.
As far as employment opportunities are concerned, it is assumed that graduates from colleges of higher education have more or less the same chances to find a job as university graduates. In some areas, the former will probably even find employment easier, as their practical work experience is by far larger than university students. These may possess a much larger theoretical background as they start working but would in most cases need more time to get familiar with the practical side of their job.
Those among higher vocational schools that satisfy the prerequisite for courses and research-development studies will be upgraded to colleges of higher education.
We are happy to see that our higher vocational colleges (engineering school for example) have already good contacts with economical cricles. By putting together different subjects and research-development facilities into a dozen of colleges of higher education, we will be able to guarantee quality education and a better use of already existing technical and financial means. We thus have to group schools together, most of which are being at present geographically separated.
Vocational education, also giving the possibility to deepen professional knowledge through attractive courses, must offer a real alternative to general culture schools. The creation of the new advanced vocational diploma as well as the colleges of higher education must contribute to the education of our future elite. Every youngster will thus have the possibility to better develop his/her own abilities.
The creation of the new advanced vocational diploma is()
A:giving the possibility to deepen professional knowledge B:a real alternative to general cultural schools C:equal to diploma of colleges of higher education D:vital to the education of our future elite
In 1910, Henry Van Dyke wrote a book called "The Spirit of America, " which opened with this sentence: "The Spirit of America is best known in Europe by one of its qualities— energy. " This has always been true. Americans have always been known for their manic dynamism. Some condemned this ambition as a scrambling after money. Others saw it in loftier terms. But energy has always been the country’s saving feature.
So Americans should be especially alert to signs that the country is becoming less vital and assiduous. One of those signs comes to us from the labor market. According to figures from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the United States has a smaller share of prime age men in the work force than any other G-7 nation.
Part of the problem has to do with human capital. More American men lack the emotional and professional skills they would need to contribute. According to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 35 percent of those without a high school diploma are out of the labor force, compared with less than 10 percent of those with a college degree. Part of the problem has to do with structural changes in the economy. Sectors like government, health care and high-tech have been growing, generating jobs for college grads. Sectors like manufacturing, agriculture and energy have been getting more productive, but they have not been generating more jobs. Instead, companies are using machines or foreign workers.
The result is this: There are probably more idle men now than at any time since the Great Depression, and this time the problem is mostly structural, not cyclical. This is a big problem. It can’t be addressed through the sort of short-term Keynesian stimulus some on the left are still fantasizing about. It can’t be solved by simply reducing the size of government, as some on the right imagine.
It will probably require a broad menu of policies attacking the problem all at once: expanding community colleges and online learning; changing the corporate tax code and labor market rules to stimulate investment; adopting German-style labor market practices like apprenticeship programs, wage subsidies and programs that extend benefits to the unemployed for six months as they start small businesses.
Reinvigorating the missing fifth—bringing them back into the labor market and using their capabilities—will certainly require money. If this were a smart country, we’d be having a debate about how to shift money from programs that provide comfort and toward programs that spark reinvigoration.
But, of course, that’s not what is happening. Discretionary spending, which might be used to instigate dynamism, is declining. Health care spending, which mostly provides comfort to those beyond working years, is expanding. Attempts to take money from health care to open it up for other uses are being crushed. We’re locking in the nation’s wealth into the Medicare program and closing off any possibility that we might do something significant to reinvigorate the missing fifth. Next time you see a politician demagoguing Medicare, ask this : Should we be using our resources in the manner of a nation in decline or one still committed to stoking the energy of its people and continuing its rise
It can be inferred from last two paragraphs that the author doubts about ______.
A:the effectiveness of medicare programs B:the feasibility of invigorating labor market C:the rationality of capital allocation of government D:the possibility of reversing US downward trend
Of course we cannot rule ( ) the possibility of failure.
A:off B:out C:over D:against
Of course we cannot rule ______ the possibility of failure.
A:off B:out C:over D:against
We {{U}}explored{{/U}} the possibility of expansion at the conference
A:investigated B:offered C:included D:accepted.
The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.
A:rejected B:investigated C:proposed D:postponed
The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.
A:rejected B:investigated C:proposed D:postponed
We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference
A:offered B:investigated C:included D:accepted.