In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving; speeches.
In the European universities of the middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates(考生) for the doctor’ s degree.
Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same questions, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students is expected to act like machines.
One type of test is sometimes called an objective test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.

The kind of exams where students must select answers are（　）

A:personal B:spoken C:objective D:written

If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question. It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country, but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4 000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa, because they had not learned to wrtie.
Sometimes, of course, even if the people cannot write, they may know something of the past. For most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past. This we may call "remembered history", Some of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written records, such spoken stories are often very helpful.

Which of the following ideas is not conveyed in the passage （　）

A:"Remembered history", compared with written history, is less reliable B:Written records of the past plays a most important role in our learning of the human history C:A written account of our daily activities helps us to be able to answer any questions D:Where there are no written records, there is no history

If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question. It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country, but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4 000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa, because they had not learned to wrtie.
Sometimes, of course, even if the people cannot write, they may know something of the past. For most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past. This we may call "remembered history", Some of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written records, such spoken stories are often very helpful.

"Remembered history" is regarded as valuable only when（　）

A:it is written down B:no written account is available C:it proves to be true D:people are interested in it

If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written on it an aceount(记录) of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question.
It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes people did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country, but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa, because they had not learned to write.
Sometimes, of course, even if the people can not write, they may know something of the past. For most people can tell proudly what their fathers did in the past. This we may call "remembered history". Some of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written re- cords, such spoken stories are often very helpful.
Which of the following ideas is not mentioned in the passage

A:"Remembered history", compared with written history, is less reliable. B:Written records of the past play a most important role in our learning of the human history. C:A written account of our daily. activities helps us to be able to answer any questions. D:Where there are no written records, there is no history.

If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question. It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country, but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4 000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa, because they had not learned to wrtie.
Sometimes, of course, even if the people cannot write, they may know something of the past. For most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past. This we may call "remembered history", Some of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written records, such spoken stories are often very helpful.

"Remembered history" is regarded as valuable only when（）

A:it is written down B:no written account is available C:it proves to be true D:people are interested in it

If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question. It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country, but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4 000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa, because they had not learned to wrtie.
Sometimes, of course, even if the people cannot write, they may know something of the past. For most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past. This we may call "remembered history", Some of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written records, such spoken stories are often very helpful.

Which of the following ideas is not conveyed in the passage （）

A:"Remembered history", compared with written history, is less reliable B:Written records of the past plays a most important role in our learning of the human history C:A written account of our daily activities helps us to be able to answer any questions D:Where there are no written records, there is no history

If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written on it an aceount(记录) of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question.
It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes people did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country, but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa, because they had not learned to write.
Sometimes, of course, even if the people can not write, they may know something of the past. For most people can tell proudly what their fathers did in the past. This we may call "remembered history". Some of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written re- cords, such spoken stories are often very helpful.

Which of the following ideas is not mentioned in the passage（）

A:"Remembered history", compared with written history, is less reliable. B:Written records of the past play a most important role in our learning of the human history. C:A written account of our daily. activities helps us to be able to answer any questions. D:Where there are no written records, there is no history.

In ancient times the most important exams were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.
In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor’s degree.
Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same into existence with the great increase, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory.
Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.
One type of test is sometimes called as "objective" test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test, the teacher writes a series of questions each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.
During the ______ test, students must select answers.

A:personal B:objective C:spoken D:written

Ⅳ Reading Comprehension Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage One A resume is an individualized, written summary of your personal, educational and experience qualifications. It is designed to present you as a prospective employee. Not every- one needs a resume. However, if you are looking for a professional, technical, administrative, or managerial job, you will need a resume. Applications for many clerical and sales positions also require a resume. A resume is like a written sales presentation. It alone will not get you a job. However, an effective resume creates a favorable impression of you while presenting’ your abilities and experience. Your resume can be used as a response to an ad. It can also be used as a letter of introduction for an interview. It is a fact sheet that tells a prospective employer that you are a desirable future employee.

A resume is like a （） sales presentation.

A:oral B:written C:spoken D:closed

Passage Three

During the ______ test, students must select answers.

A:personal B:objective C:spoken D:written