There are several advantages in making computers as small as one can. Sometimes weight is particularly important. A modern aircraft, for example, carries quite a load of electronic apparatus. If it is possible to make any of these smaller, and therefore lighter, the aircraft can carry a bigger pay-load. This kind of consideration applies to space satellites and to all kinds of computers that have to be carried about.
But weight is not the only factor. The smaller the computer the faster it can work. The signals go to and fro at a very high but almost constant speed. So if one can scale down all dimensions to, let us say, one tenth, the average lengths of the current-paths will be reduced to one tenth. So, very roughly speaking, scaling down of all linear dimensions in the ratio of one to ten also gives a valuable bonus: the speed of operation is scaled up 10 times. Other techniques allow even further speed increases.
This increase of operation is a real advantage. There are some application in which computers could be used which require very fast response times. Many of these are military, of course; but military applications also have applications in engineering sooner or later. For example, automatic blind landing of aircraft requires continuous computer calculations which result in control of the aircraft flight. The more immediate the responses are, the more stable that control can be.
Another advantage is that less power is required to run the computer. In space vehicles and satellites this is an important matter; but even in a trial application we need not waste power. Sometimes a computer takes so much power that cooling systems which require still more power have to be installed to keep the computer from getting too hot, which would increase the risk of faults developing. So a computer which does not need to be cooled saves power on two counts.
Another advantage is reliability. Mini-computers have been made possible by the development of integrated circuits. Instead of soldering bits of wire to join separate components such as resistors and capacitors sometimes in the most intricate networks, designers can now produce many connected circuits in one unit which involves no soldering and therefore no risk of broken joints at all.
A modern aircraft ______.

A:is run by electronic computers B:carries a bigger load of electronic apparatus than pay-load C:does not need mini-computers at all D:can carry a bigger pay-load if the electronic apparatus carried by it becomes lighter

Text 2

A:is run by electronic computers B:carries a bigger load of electronic apparatus than pay-load C:does not need mini-computers at all D:can carry a bigger pay-load if the electronic apparatus carried by it becomes lighter

Which medium carries most national advertising in Spain（　）

A:Radio. B:Newspaper. C:Television. D:Internet.

A
When you buy a T-shirt, or a fur coat in a store, it often carries a label (标签) telling who made it or from what store it was bought. Indeed, some labels show the dress is famous and it is very expensive, so buyers secretly wish they might be carried for ever. On the other hand, buyers who deal with the cheapest products(产品) would be pleased to do away with labels entirely.
However, there is another label more important than the one showing from which store the dress was bought. When a person buys a fur coat ,or a jacket, from a store, a label telling what the product is made of should be carried to it.
This label is required by law. Besides telling what the product on show is made of, the label should be in clear English and be where one can find it easily. The information on the label must be the truth.
The reason for this label is that most buyers today aren’t expert enough to know exactly what kind of fur or material they are buying. The buyer must believe in the store that sells the products or in what the labels say.

A:A T-shirt seldom carries a label. B:A fur coat with a high price often carries a false label. C:A label only says what material the product is made of. D:Not all buyers know the materials they are buying.

Passage Four
Television carries more national advertising than any others in the United States. The same is true in some smaller countries such as Spain and Portugal, where it is the only medium reaching a general national audience. In many countries, Sweden and Denmark, for example--the stateowned television accepts no advertising. In many other countries the amount of commercial time is extremely limited, as in France, Germany, and Italy. Soviet state-owned television began accepting a limited amount of advertising in 1988.
The chief reason for the population of television among United States advertisers is that it it reaches a vast number of people at the same time. While it can cost well over 100,000 dollars, a 30- second commercial on network television can be seen and heard by as many as 25 million viewers. For manufacturers who must make prospects aware of their products and convince them of its benefits immediately, there is nothing as efficient as television advertising.
Because it employs motion as well as words, graphics, sound, and music, television is a valuable medium for products that lend themselves to demonstration. No other medium is effective in showing how quickly an automobile can accelerate or how well a brand of wristwatch will stand up under abuse and continue to run. Similarly, it is an ideal medium such as long-distance telephone calls.

A:TV can make advertisers aware of their products. B:TV is more popular than any other medium in the United States. C:TV covers a large audience at the same time. D:TV carries more national advertising than other media in the United States.

I’ve read the newspaper that carries the important editorial.

Passage Four Television carries more national advertising than any others in the United States. The same is true in some smaller countries such as Spain and Portugal, where it is the only medium reaching a general national audience. In many countries, Sweden and Denmark, for example--the stateowned television accepts no advertising. In many other countries the amount of commercial time is extremely limited, as in France, Germany, and Italy. Soviet state-owned television began accepting a limited amount of advertising in 1988. The chief reason for the population of television among United States advertisers is that it it reaches a vast number of people at the same time. While it can cost well over 100,000 dollars, a 30- second commercial on network television can be seen and heard by as many as 25 million viewers. For manufacturers who must make prospects aware of their products and convince them of its benefits immediately, there is nothing as efficient as television advertising. Because it employs motion as well as words, graphics, sound, and music, television is a valuable medium for products that lend themselves to demonstration. No other medium is effective in showing how quickly an automobile can accelerate or how well a brand of wristwatch will stand up under abuse and continue to run. Similarly, it is an ideal medium such as long-distance telephone calls.

A:TV can make advertisers aware of their products. B:TV is more popular than any other medium in the United States. C:TV covers a large audience at the same time. D:TV carries more national advertising than other media in the United States.

A university is an educational institution which awards degrees and performs research.

A:carries out B:carries away C:carries off D:carries through

A ______ is a functional unit that interprets and carries out instructions.

A:memory B:processor C:storage D:network