C
A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common.After all,the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world,and the baby is,well, just playing…right?Perhaps,but some developmental psychologists（　）have argued that this“play”is  more like a scientific investigation than one might think.
Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table.Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge,it
falls in the ground---and, in the process, it belongs out important evidence about how physical objects interact ; bowls of rice do not flood in mid-sit, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world ), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).
Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way---that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language  using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child , Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.
Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws on how children learn ,but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort ---the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world---is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive systems that make young children feel good about feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, ”It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”

We learn from Paragraph 2 that（）

A:scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently B:scientists and babies often interact with each other C:babies are born with the knowledge of object support D:babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do

Americans usually consider themselves a friendly people. Their friendships, however, tend to be shorter and more casual than friendships among people from other cultures. It is not uncommon for Americans to have only one close friend during their life-time, and consider other "friends" to be just social acquaintances. This attitude probably has something to do with American mobility and the fact that Americans do not like to be dependent on other people. They tend to "compartmentalize" friendships, having "friends at work" ,"friends on the softball team", "family friends", etc.
Because the United States is a highly active society, full of movement and change, people always seem to be on the go. In this highly charged atmosphere, Americans can sometimes seem brusque or impatient. They want to get to know you as quickly as possible and then move on to something else. Sometimes, early on, they will ask you questions that you may feel are very personal. No insult is intended; the questions usually grow out of their genuine interest or curiosity, and their impatience to get to the heart of the matter. And the same goes for you. If you do not understand certain American behavior or you want to know more about them, do not hesitate to ask them questions about themselves. Americans are usually eager to explain all about their country or anything "American" in which you may be interested. So much so in fact that you may become tired of listening. It doesn’t matter, because Americans tend to be uncomfortable with silence during a conversation. They would rather talk about the weather or the latest sports scores, for example, than deal with silence.
On the other hand, don’t expect Americans to be knowledgeable about international geography or world affairs, unless those subjects directly involve the United States. Because the United States is not surrounded by many other nations, some Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world.
Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage

A:Americans do not like to depend on other people. B:Friendships among Americans tend to be casual. C:Americans know a lot about international affairs. D:Americans always seem to be on the go.

Passage Three
Despite the fact that today viruses(病毒) are known to cause cancer in animals and in certain plants, there exists a great reluctance to accept viruses as being of importance in human cancer. Basic biological phenomena generally do not differ strikingly as one goes from one species to another. It should be recognized that cancer :is a biological problem and not a problem that is unique for man. Cancer originates when a normal cell suddenly becomes a cancer cell which multiplies widely and without apparent restraint. Cancer may originate in many different kinds of cell, but the cancer cell usually continues to carry certain traits (特性) of the cell of origin. The transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell may have more than one kind of cause, but there is good reason to consider the relationships that exist between viruses and cancer.
Since there is no evidence that human cancer, as generally experienced, is infections, many persons believe that because viruses are infections agents they cannot possibly be of importance in human cancer. However, viruses can mutate(突变) and examples are known in which a virus that never kills its host can mutate to form a new strain of virus that always kills its host. It does not seem unreasonable to assume that an innocuous(无害的) latent (潜伏的) virus might mutate to form a strain that causes cancer. Certainly the experimental evidence now available is consistent with the idea that viruses as we know them today, could be the causative(引起……的) agents of most, if not all cancer, including cancer in man.

Many people believe that viruses cannot possibly be of importance in human cancer because （）

A:they are innocuous agencies B:they are the causative agents of most human cancer C:they seem to be infections to many people D:they are generally thought to be relevant to most cancer in man

Despite the fact that today viruses (病毒) are known to cause cancer in animals and in certain plants, there exists a great reluctance to accept viruses as being of importance in human cancer. Basic biological phenomena generally do not differ strikingly as one goes from one species to another. It should be recognized that cancer is a biological problem and not a problem that is unique for man. Cancer originates when a normal cell suddenly becomes a cancer cell which multiplies widely and without apparent restraint. Cancer may originate in many different kinds of cell, but the cancer cell usually continues to carry certain traits (特性) of the cell of origin. The transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell may have more than one kind of cause, but them is good reason to consider the relationships that exist between viruses and cancer.
Since there is no evidence that human cancer, as generally experienced, is infections, many persons believe that because viruses are infections agents they cannot possibly be of importance in human cancer. However, viruses can mutate (突变) and examples are known in which a virus that never kills its host can mutate to form a new strain of virus that always kills its host. It does not seem unreasonable to assume that an innocuous (无害的) latent (潜伏的) virus might mutate to form a strain that causes cancer. Certainly the experimental evidence now available is consistent with the idea that viruses as we know them today, could be the causative (引起……的) agents of most, if not all cancer, including cancer in man.

Many people believe that viruses cannot possibly be of importance in human cancer because （）

A:they are innocuous agencies B:they are the causative agents of most human cancer C:they seem to be infections to many people D:they are generally thought to be relevant to most cancer in man

What you are doing ______ very important in your work.

A:seemed B:seems C:seem D:is to seem

Despite the fact that today viruses (病毒) are known to cause cancer in animals and in certain plants, there exists a great reluctance to accept viruses as being of importance in human cancer. Basic biological phenomena generally do not differ strikingly as one goes from one species to another. It should be recognized that cancer is a biological problem and not a problem that is unique for man. Cancer originates when a normal cell suddenly becomes a cancer cell which multiplies widely and without apparent restraint. Cancer may originate in many different kinds of cell, but the cancer cell usually continues to carry certain traits (特性) of the cell of origin. The transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell may have more than one kind of cause, but them is good reason to consider the relationships that exist between viruses and cancer.
Since there is no evidence that human cancer, as generally experienced, is infections, many persons believe that because viruses are infections agents they cannot possibly be of importance in human cancer. However, viruses can mutate (突变) and examples are known in which a virus that never kills its host can mutate to form a new strain of virus that always kills its host. It does not seem unreasonable to assume that an innocuous (无害的) latent (潜伏的) virus might mutate to form a strain that causes cancer. Certainly the experimental evidence now available is consistent with the idea that viruses as we know them today, could be the causative (引起……的) agents of most, if not all cancer, including cancer in man.
Many people believe that viruses cannot possibly be of importance in human cancer because ______.

A:they are innocuous agencies B:they are the causative agents of most human cancer C:they seem to be infections to many people D:they are generally thought to be relevant to most cancer in man

Despite the fact that today viruses (病毒) are known to cause cancer in animals and in certain plants, there exists a great reluctance to accept viruses as being of importance in human cancer. Basic biological phenomena generally do not differ strikingly as one goes from one species to another. It should be recognized that cancer is a biological problem and not a problem that is unique for man. Cancer originates when a normal cell suddenly becomes a cancer cell which multiplies widely and without apparent restraint. Cancer may originate in many different kinds of cell, but the cancer cell usually continues to carry certain traits (特性) of the cell of origin. The transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell may have more than one kind of cause, but them is good reason to consider the relationships that exist between viruses and cancer.
Since there is no evidence that human cancer, as generally experienced, is infections, many persons believe that because viruses are infections agents they cannot possibly be of importance in human cancer. However, viruses can mutate (突变) and examples are known in which a virus that never kills its host can mutate to form a new strain of virus that always kills its host. It does not seem unreasonable to assume that an innocuous (无害的) latent (潜伏的) virus might mutate to form a strain that causes cancer. Certainly the experimental evidence now available is consistent with the idea that viruses as we know them today, could be the causative (引起……的) agents of most, if not all cancer, including cancer in man.
Many people believe that viruses cannot possibly be of importance in human cancer because ______.

A:they are innocuous agencies B:they are the causative agents of most human cancer C:they seem to be infections to many people D:they are generally thought to be relevant to most cancer in man

Passage Three

Many people believe that viruses cannot possibly be of importance in human cancer because ______.

A:they are innocuous agencies B:they are the causative agents of most human cancer C:they seem to be infections to many people D:they are generally thought to be relevant to most cancer in man