单选集
单选集
已知某类工程的朗格系数如下表所示：
朗格系数KL | 2.402 | |
内容 | A:(a)包括基础、设备、绝热、油漆、及设备安装费 | E×1.4 |
B:(b)包括上述在内和配管工程费 | (a) | |
C:(c)装置直接费 | (b) | |
D:(d)总费用C | (c) | |
Text 3
| The divorce rate in Britain has
levelled off—to roughly one marriage in three—and shows no sign of reaching the
much higher American rate, according to the demographers(人口统计学者) assembled in
Bath last week for a conference on the family. There has been no increase in the
rate in the last three years and although many expected it to rise a few more
percentage points in the next decade, none believed it would reach the 50
percent that exists in America. One reason for the stabilizations of divorce is the reduction in the risk factors—fewer teenagers marrying, fewer early births in marriage, fewer pre-marital(婚前的)conceptions. Another reason which was aired at the annual conference of the British Society for Population Studies, was the increase in cohabitation. Some speakers argued that the increase in cohabitation has meant that marital couples are now much more familiar with each other before marriage and therefore less likely to separate. One out of four couples who marry today have lived together and in the older age groups the proportion is much higher. Some 34 percent of women aged over 25 who marry have cohabited, and over 50 percent of women who are marrying a divorced man or who have been divorced themselves, cohabit before marriage. Cohabitation in Britain, however, is still considerably lower than in many European states and was described by the demographers as "essentially a part of contemporary courtship". Only a small proportion of people who cohabited had children whereas in Sweden some 40 percent of births were now outside formal marriage. The British rate was 13 percent. Kath Kiernan of the Centre for Population Studies noted that the present statistics suggested that there was a marginally higher risk of separation for couples who had cohabited, but this could possibly be explained by the fact that the statistics covered a period when cohabiting had not become as socially acceptable as it was today. A third reason why the demographers thought the divorce rate could stabilize was the economic squeeze(利润等的缩减) and the recession(暴跌), which would mean there was less opportunity to separate because of the lack of housing and employment. |
A:lack of housing B:cohabitation C:the Iow divorce rate D:the problem of children
Text 3
| The divorce rate in Britain has
levelled off—to roughly one marriage in three—and shows no sign of reaching the
much higher American rate, according to the demographers(人口统计学者) assembled in
Bath last week for a conference on the family. There has been no increase in the
rate in the last three years and although many expected it to rise a few more
percentage points in the next decade, none believed it would reach the 50
percent that exists in America. One reason for the stabilizations of divorce is the reduction in the risk factors—fewer teenagers marrying, fewer early births in marriage, fewer pre-marital(婚前的)conceptions. Another reason which was aired at the annual conference of the British Society for Population Studies, was the increase in cohabitation. Some speakers argued that the increase in cohabitation has meant that marital couples are now much more familiar with each other before marriage and therefore less likely to separate. One out of four couples who marry today have lived together and in the older age groups the proportion is much higher. Some 34 percent of women aged over 25 who marry have cohabited, and over 50 percent of women who are marrying a divorced man or who have been divorced themselves, cohabit before marriage. Cohabitation in Britain, however, is still considerably lower than in many European states and was described by the demographers as "essentially a part of contemporary courtship". Only a small proportion of people who cohabited had children whereas in Sweden some 40 percent of births were now outside formal marriage. The British rate was 13 percent. Kath Kiernan of the Centre for Population Studies noted that the present statistics suggested that there was a marginally higher risk of separation for couples who had cohabited, but this could possibly be explained by the fact that the statistics covered a period when cohabiting had not become as socially acceptable as it was today. A third reason why the demographers thought the divorce rate could stabilize was the economic squeeze(利润等的缩减) and the recession(暴跌), which would mean there was less opportunity to separate because of the lack of housing and employment. |
A:Reasons for the Stabilization B:Cohabitation in Britain C:Divorce Rate Levels off in Britain D:Divorce Rate in Britain
| Man cannot go on increasing his number
at the present rate. In the (56) 30 years man will face a
period of crisis. (57) experts believe that there will be a
widespread food (58) . Other experts think this is
(59) pessimistic (悲观的), and that man can prevent things from
(60) . (61) thing that man can do is to limit the (62) of babies born. The need (63) this is obvious, but it is not (64) to achieve. People have to be (65) to limit their families. In the countries of the population (66) , many people like big families. The parents think that this (67) a bigger income for the family and ensures there will be someone in the family who will look (68) them in old age. Several governments have (69) birth control policies in recent years. (70) them are Japan, China, India and Egypt. In some (71) the results have not been successful. Japan has been an (72) . The Japanese adopted a birth control policy in 1948. People were (73) to limit their families. The birth (74) fell from 34.3 per thousand per year to about 17.0 per year (75) present. |
A:rate B:speed C:frequency D:ratio
Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is
followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are
4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark
the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet with a single line through the
center.
Passage 1
| Population tends to grow at an
exponential(指数的)rate. This means that they progressively double. As an example
of this type of growth rate, take one penny and double every day for one month.
After the first week, you would have only 64 cents, but after the fourth week
you would have over a million dollars. This helps explain why the population has come on "all of a sudden". It took from the beginning of human life to the year 1830 for the population of the earth to reach one billion. That repents(缓慢进行)a time span of at least two million years. Then it took from 1830 to 1930 for world population to reach 2 billion. The next billion was added by 1960, only thirty years, and in 1975 world population reached 4 billion, which is another billion people in only fifteen years. World population is increasing at a rate of 9000 per hour, 220000 per day, and 80 million per year. This is not only due to higher birth rate, but to lower death rate as well. The number of births has not declined at the same rate as the number of deaths. Some countries, such as Columbia, Thailand, Morocco, Costa Rica, and the Philippines, are doubling their population about every twenty-one years, with a growth rate of 3.3% a year or more. The United States is doubling its population about very eighty-seven years, with a rate of 0.8% per year. Every time a population doubles, the country involved needs twice as much of everything, including hospitals, schools, resources, food and medicines to care for its people. It is easy to see that this is very difficult to achieve for the more rapidly growing countries. |
A:the growth of world population B:one type of the exponential rate C:the population problem of more rapidly growing countries D:the possible ways of dealing with the rapid population growth
Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is
followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are
4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark
the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet with a single line through the
center.
Passage 1
| Population tends to grow at an
exponential(指数的)rate. This means that they progressively double. As an example
of this type of growth rate, take one penny and double every day for one month.
After the first week, you would have only 64 cents, but after the fourth week
you would have over a million dollars. This helps explain why the population has come on "all of a sudden". It took from the beginning of human life to the year 1830 for the population of the earth to reach one billion. That repents(缓慢进行)a time span of at least two million years. Then it took from 1830 to 1930 for world population to reach 2 billion. The next billion was added by 1960, only thirty years, and in 1975 world population reached 4 billion, which is another billion people in only fifteen years. World population is increasing at a rate of 9000 per hour, 220000 per day, and 80 million per year. This is not only due to higher birth rate, but to lower death rate as well. The number of births has not declined at the same rate as the number of deaths. Some countries, such as Columbia, Thailand, Morocco, Costa Rica, and the Philippines, are doubling their population about every twenty-one years, with a growth rate of 3.3% a year or more. The United States is doubling its population about very eighty-seven years, with a rate of 0.8% per year. Every time a population doubles, the country involved needs twice as much of everything, including hospitals, schools, resources, food and medicines to care for its people. It is easy to see that this is very difficult to achieve for the more rapidly growing countries. |
A:The penny that doubles itself every day for one month B:The time span of at least two million years in human history C:An illustration of the exponent growth rate given by the author D:The large amount of money you would luckily make after the fourth week
Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is
followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are
4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark
the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet with a single line through the
center.
Passage 1
| Population tends to grow at an
exponential(指数的)rate. This means that they progressively double. As an example
of this type of growth rate, take one penny and double every day for one month.
After the first week, you would have only 64 cents, but after the fourth week
you would have over a million dollars. This helps explain why the population has come on "all of a sudden". It took from the beginning of human life to the year 1830 for the population of the earth to reach one billion. That repents(缓慢进行)a time span of at least two million years. Then it took from 1830 to 1930 for world population to reach 2 billion. The next billion was added by 1960, only thirty years, and in 1975 world population reached 4 billion, which is another billion people in only fifteen years. World population is increasing at a rate of 9000 per hour, 220000 per day, and 80 million per year. This is not only due to higher birth rate, but to lower death rate as well. The number of births has not declined at the same rate as the number of deaths. Some countries, such as Columbia, Thailand, Morocco, Costa Rica, and the Philippines, are doubling their population about every twenty-one years, with a growth rate of 3.3% a year or more. The United States is doubling its population about very eighty-seven years, with a rate of 0.8% per year. Every time a population doubles, the country involved needs twice as much of everything, including hospitals, schools, resources, food and medicines to care for its people. It is easy to see that this is very difficult to achieve for the more rapidly growing countries. |
A:World population is increasing at a rate of 150 per minute B:lower death rate also contributes to world population growth C:The population of Columbia has been doubling every year for 21 years D:The United States is usually doubling its population on about every 87 years
Chimpanzees 1. Chimpanzees(黑猩猩)will soon be extinct(灭绝). If the present rate of hunting and habitat(栖息地)destruction continues, then within 20 years,there will be no chimpanzees living in the wild. But this is more than an environmental or moral tragedy(悲剧). Chimpanzee extinction may also have profound implications (含意)for the survival of their distant relatives -- human beings. 2. In 1975 the biologist Marie-Claire King and Allan Wilson discovered that the human and chimpanzee genomes(基因组)match by over 98%. Compare this to the mouse used as model for human disease in lab tests,which shares only 60% of its DNA with us. In fact, chimpanzees are far more similar to humans than they are to any other spectes of monkey. As well as resembling US genetically, chimps are highly intelligent and able to use tools. These facts alone should be enough to make protection of chimps an urgent priority(优先). But there is another,more selfish reason to preserve the chimp. 3. The chimpanzees’trump card(王牌)comes in the field of medical research. Chimpanzees are so similar to humans that veterinarians(兽医)often refer to human medical textbooks when treating them. Yet chimpanzees do show differences in several key areas. In particular, chimps are much more resistant to a number of major diseases. It is this ability that is so interesting. 4. For example,chimps seem to show a much higher resistance than humans to HIV,the virus that causes AIDS. Indeed, their use as experimental animals in AIDS research has declined because they are so resistant. 5. By sequencing the chimp genome and pinpointing(找到)the place where the chimpanzee DNA sequence differs from that of humans, scientists hope to be able to discover which part of the genetic code gives chimps their increased resistance to some diseases. This, they hope, will allow them to develop new and more effective treatments for the human forms of these diseases. Such treatments could include the production of new drugs or even the alteration(gila)of the human genetic sequence. The recently completed human genome sequencing project has shown that such an effort is now well within our reach.
Paragraph 1（） A:
Genetic Differences Between Chimps and Humans
Reasons for HIV Resistance
Implications of Chimpanzee Extinction for Humans
Effective AIDS Treatment B:Genetic Similarities Between Chimps and Humans Chimps’ Resistance to HIV
The rate of FAK refers to( )．
A:freight for class B:freight of all kinds C:weight/measure rate D:near ocean cruise rate
The rate of FAK refers to ( ).
A:freight for class B:freight of all kinds C:weight/measure rate D:all inclusive rate
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