阅读理解
阅读理解
(C)
Is there anything more important than health I don’t think so. "Health is the greatest wealth," wise people say. You can’t be good at your studies or work well when you are ill.
If you have a headache, toothache, backache, earache or bad pain in the stomach, if you complain of a bad cough, if you run a high temperature and have a bad cold, or if you suffer from high or low blood pressure, I think you should go to the doctor.
The doctor will examine your throat, feel your pulse, test your blood pressure, take your temperature, sound your heart and lungs, test your eyes, check your teeth or have your chest Xrayed. After that, he will advise some treatment, or some medicine. The only thing you have to do is to follow his advice.
Speaking about doctor’s advice, I can’t help telling you a funny story.
An old gentleman came to see the doctor. The man was very ill. He told the doctor about his weakness, memory loss and serious problems with his heart and lungs. The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease.
He told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good rest. He also advised him to eat a lot of meat, drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks. In other words, the doctor advised him to follow the rule: "Eat at pleasure, drink with measure and enjoy life as it is." The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again, he shouldn’t smoke more than one cigarette a day.
A month later the gentleman came into the doctor’s office. He looked much more cheerful and much happier. He thanked the doctor and said that he had never felt a healthier man.
"But you know, doctor," the man went on saying, "it’s not easy to begin smoking at my age./
The doctor usually tells his patient what to do ______.
A:without examining the patient B:after he has examined the patient C:if the patient doesn’t take medicine D:unless the patient feels pain
Health care is an extraordinarily obsolete system. A professor of emergency medicine at major university sent me a really heartbreaking (1) lie said that physicians have to start from the (2) beginning with every patient. There is no history, no time to (3) -- they know nothing about the (4)
We have inferior medical service (5) the computer technology that could change it is not being used. The difficulties of just (6) patient records -- apart from analyzing them (7) -- are unnecessary and hinder us from providing (8) service.
We have the opportunity to do some wholesale rethinking of (9) we provide health care and turn it into not only medical service, but preventive maintenance that (10) the patient in decision- making. We can begin through pilot and demonstration projects in hospitals, by doctors, and (11) by private doctor participation. Physicians can show patients the (12) of their actions and what the alternatives are. Technologies (13) multimedia and interactive computers can (14) patients, in the privacy of their own homes, to ask questions about these (15) . Other countries are moving much more (16) than the United States in medical information. The computerization and redesign of Sweden’s health delivery system has reduced that nation’s (17) on the health care from 12 % of GNP to a little over 7%. More than one-third of the population of the Nether-lands has their medical records computerized. (18) some hospitals in the United States keep computerized patient (19) , these records only cover the time the patient is in the hospital and do not include their (20) medical history.
A:doctor B:patient C:physician D:nurse
Passage Three
Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital the best patient care possible. If we are to solve the nursing shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel’s example.
At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state. Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient’s illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.
The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth larael is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.
Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized nursing administration; Every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse-managers instead of head nurse; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each unit’s nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.
Beth Israel’s nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors.
A:the present one is refused by the patient B:the patient complains about the present one C:the present one proves to be ineffective D:the patient is found unwilling to cooperate
At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state. Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient’s illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.
The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth larael is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.
Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized nursing administration; Every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse-managers instead of head nurse; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each unit’s nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.
Beth Israel’s nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors.
A:the present one is refused by the patient B:the patient complains about the present one C:the present one proves to be ineffective D:the patient is found unwilling to cooperate
Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital the best patient care possible, If we are to solve the nursing shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel’s example.
At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state. Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient’s illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.
The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth larael is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.
Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized nursing administration; Every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse-managers instead of head nurse; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each unit’s nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.
Beth Israel’s nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors.
A primary nurse can propose a different approach of treatment when ______.
A:the present one is refused by the patient B:the patient complains about the present one C:the present one proves to be ineffective D:the patient is found unwilling to cooperate
Passage Three
Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital the best patient care possible. If we are to solve the nursing shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel’s example.
At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state. Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient’s illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.
The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.
Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized nursing administration; Every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse-managers instead of head nurse; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each unit’s nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.
Beth Israel’s nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors.
A:the present one is refused by the patient B:the patient complains about the present one C:the present one proves to be ineffective D:the patient is found unwilling to cooperate
The patient （）
A:had heart trouble B:had cancer C:had diabetes D:was in a car accident
Passage Three
| Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital the
best patient care possible, If we are to solve the nursing shortage, hospital
administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel’s
example. At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state. Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient’s illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary. The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth larael is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague. Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized nursing administration; Every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse-managers instead of head nurse; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each unit’s nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when. Beth Israel’s nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors. |
A:the present one is refused by the patient B:the patient complains about the present one C:the present one proves to be ineffective D:the patient is found unwilling to cooperate
{{B}}第三篇{{/B}}
| ? ?In most sectors of the economy, it is
the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various inducements of
price, quality and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. In the
health care industry, however, the doctor-patient relation- ship is the mirror
image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer. Once an
individual has chosen to see a physician, the physician usually makes all
significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return "nest
Wednesday" whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed,
etc. ? ?This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor’ s judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eyes of the hospital it is the physician who is the real "consumer. "As a consequence, the medical staff represents the "power center" in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration. ? ?Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants, the physician, the hospital, the patient and the payer( generally an insurance carrier or government), the physician makes the essential decision for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension of the physicians; the payer generally meets most of the bona fide bills generated by the physician/hospital and for the most part, the patient’s plays a passive role. In routine or minor illness or just plain worries, the patient’s options are of course, much greater with respect to use and price. But in illnesses that are of some significance, such choice tends to evaporate. And it is for these illnesses that the bulk of the health care dollar is spent. We estimate that about 75 N 80 percent of health care expenditures are determined by physicians, not patients. For this reason, economy measures directed at patients or the general public are relatively ineffective. |
A:taking advantage of the patient’s concern for his health B:instructing the patient to buy more medical services C:warming the patient that a hospital stay might be necessary D:advising to patient to seek a second opinion
