? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? {{B}}Technology Transfer
in Germany{{/B}} ? ?When it comes to translating basic research into
industrial success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nation’s
vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and
expertise from science. And though German prosperity (繁荣) has faltered (衰退) over
the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as
the global economic decline, it still has an enviable (令人羡慕) record for mining
ideas into profit. ? ?Much of the reason for that success is the
Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve
industrial problems and create sought-after technologies. But today the
Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger
role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over.
These efforts are being complemented by the federal programs for pumping money
into start-up companies. ? ? Such a strategy may sound like a
recipe for economic success, but it is not without its critics. These people
worry that favoring applied research will mean neglecting basic science,
eventually starving industry of flesh ideas. If every scientist starts thinking
like an entrepreneur (企业家), the argument goes, then the traditional principles
of university research being curiosity-driven: free and widely available will
suffer. Others claim that many of the programs to promote technology transfer
are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are
bound to go bankrupt within a few years. ? ?While this debate
continues, new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany’s research networks,
which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is the
fourth network, the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in
technology transfer. ? ?Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is
now Europe’s largest organization for applied technology, and has 59 institutes
employing 12,000 people. It continues to grow. Last year it swallowed up the
Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Bedim Today, there are
even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia.
Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? {{B}}Technology Transfer
in Germany{{/B}} ? ?When it comes to translating basic research into
industrial success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nation’s
vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and
expertise from science. And though German prosperity (繁荣) has faltered (衰退) over
the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as
the global economic decline, it still has an enviable (令人羡慕) record for mining
ideas into profit. ? ?Much of the reason for that success is the
Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve
industrial problems and create sought-after technologies. But today the
Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger
role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over.
These efforts are being complemented by the federal programs for pumping money
into start-up companies. ? ? Such a strategy may sound like a
recipe for economic success, but it is not without its critics. These people
worry that favoring applied research will mean neglecting basic science,
eventually starving industry of flesh ideas. If every scientist starts thinking
like an entrepreneur (企业家), the argument goes, then the traditional principles
of university research being curiosity-driven: free and widely available will
suffer. Others claim that many of the programs to promote technology transfer
are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are
bound to go bankrupt within a few years. ? ?While this debate
continues, new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany’s research networks,
which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is the
fourth network, the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in
technology transfer. ? ?Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is
now Europe’s largest organization for applied technology, and has 59 institutes
employing 12,000 people. It continues to grow. Last year it swallowed up the
Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Bedim Today, there are
even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia.
Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?
A.It is free. B.It is profit — driven. C.It is widely available. D.It is curiosity — driven.
单选集
