Creating the Logistics Vision Nowadays,most companies are familiar with the idea of "mission statement"as an expression of setting a vision for the business.The mission statement seeks to define the pur-pose of the business,its boundaries and its aspirations.It is now common for organizations to have such statement for the business as a whole and for key constituent components.What some companies have found is that there can be significant benefits to defining the lo-gistics vision of the firm. The purpose of the logistics vision statement is to give a clear indication which business intends to build a position of advantage through closer customer relationship.Such state-ment is never easy to construct.There is always the danger that they will publish the ener-getic and encouraging declaration that give everyone a warm feeling but provide no guideline for action. Ideally the logistics vision should be built around the simple issue of"How do we intend to use logistics and supply chain management to create value for our customers?"To realize this idea will necessitate a detailed understanding of how customer value is created and deliv-ered in the market in which the business competes.Value chain analysis will be a fundamen-tal element in this investigation as will the definition of the core competencies and capabilities of the organization.Asking the question"What activities dowe excel in?"and"What is it that differentiates us from our competitors?"is the starting point for creating the logistics vision statement. Earlier,it was suggested that the three words"Better,Faster,Cheaper"summarizes the ways in which logistics vision statement can provide value for customers.The criterion for good logistics vision statement is that it should provide the road map for how these three goals are to be achieved． Questions:

What kind of goals can mission statement fail to achieve?( )

A:Fail to provide realistic guidelines to guide the actions to achieve results. B:Fail to design a goal that everyone agrees. C:Fail to point out a good goal. D:Fail to implement effectively.

Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics

    Most older people with so-called type H diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week, according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday.
    Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet"s Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body"s ability to utilise insulin by 30 per cent, the newspaper reported.
    This is equal to¹ the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today，it said.        ‘、
    Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type n, all more than 60 years of age, exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months. After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects" muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.²
     Associate Professor³ Dr. Flemming Dela of the MuscleResearchCentersaid the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non?exercising persons.
    "This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups. Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,⁴ but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off⁵ the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment，” Dela was quoted as saying.⁶
    Insulin isa hormone produced by the pancreas，controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.
　　Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up⁷ a sweat, but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off⁸ after five days without sufficient exercise.
　　Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of⁹ the importance of exercise, Dela added.

词汇：

insulin/ ˈɪnsjəlɪn/n. 胰岛素

diabetic/ ˌdaɪəˈbetɪk /adj.(患）糖尿病的；n.糖尿病患者
diabetes /ˌdaɪəˈbi:ti:z/n.糖尿病；多尿症

brisk/brɪsk/adj.轻快的；活泼的，活跃的
Copenhagen/ˌkəʊpən"heɪɡən/n.哥本哈根(丹麦首都）
muscle/ "mʌsl/n..肌肉

utilise / "ju:tɪlaɪz /vt.( = utilize) .利用，使用
medication/ ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 药物，药物治疗

subject / "sʌbdʒɪkt/n.实验对象
utilisation ( = utilization)/ ˌju:tɪlaɪ"zeɪʃən/n. .利用，使用
saying/ ˈseɪɪŋ/n. 格言 

hormone/ "hɔ:məʊn/n. 激素

pancreas/ "pæŋkrɪəs/n. 胰腺

注释：

1. be equal to;等于
2.as a measure for how well their insulin worked:作为测量他们的胰岛素工作状况如何的标志。 从语法上分析，how引起的从句是for这个介词的宾语从句。
3.associate professor ：畐lj 教授
4. ... cannot cure people of diabetes:不能治好人们的糖尿病。cure sb. of sth.：给某人医治某 病。例如:liiis medicine should cure you of your cold.这药准能治好你的感冒。
5.put off:推迟，延期
6.Dela was quoted as saying:Dela的话像格言一样被人们所引用。注意谓语是被动语态。
7.work up:逐步引起，激起
8.wear off:逐渐消失
9.(be) unaware of sth.：不知道，没觉察

To what a degree have diebetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect?

A:To the degree where they begin to sweat B:To the degree where they feel exhausted C:To the point when they feel thirsty D:To the point when they have to take insulin

There is no question that some "greenwashing" is going on in the corporate world. Bayernwerk, a Bavarian utility, began selling "Aqua Power" last year when Germany began to let customers choose their electricity supplier. Bayernwerk markets Aqua Power as 100% green, renewable, hydroelectric energy. But any customer who signs up gets power from the same mix of sources as before: hydro, gas, coal and nuclear. Nothing changes except some accounting, and there is no net benefit to the environment. There is a benefit, though, to Bayernwerk, which charges more for Aqua Power and has been swamped with orders for it.
Greenwashing takes many forms. "Companies often advertise themselves as environmentally friendly even though they might have some pretty hideous environmental records," says Jill Johnson of the group Earth Day 2000. California’s PG&E, the utility that settled out of court after the real Erin Brockovich accused it of polluting groundwater, runs pro-environmental ads. But PG&E is due in court in November on charges of polluting wells in a second California town. "PG&E has a very good environmental track record," says spokesman Greg Pruett, citing recycling and waste reduction. Weyerhaeuser, the timber company, cuts old-growth trees in Canada but trumpets the 100 million tree seedlings it will plant this year.
Overall, the greening of corporate America is real and has not been as hard to achieve as some environmental activists imagined. That is especially true for greenhouse gases and climate change, the focus of Earth Day 2000. "Now there is more recognition by companies that there may be an economic advantage to reducing emissions of greenhouse gases," says Paul Portney, president of the think tank Resources for the Future. More and more companies are changing the way they heat and light their buildings and design their factories to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as well as their energy bills. (Energy-efficiency upgrades can save a company roughly $1 per square foot of office or factory space every year. ) The reductions often exceed those called for in the 1997 international agreement on greenhouse warming called Kyoto Treaty, whose goal of reducing greenhouse emissions 7% from their 2000 levels is deemed so threatening to the economy by many oil, coal and chemicals companies that the White House does not dare to submit it to the Senate for ratification.

The reductions on greenhouse gas emissions, called for in the Kyoto Treaty, turned out to be （）

A:too dangerous for the U.S. economy B:unrealistic for the year 2000 C:good for oil, coal and chemical companies D:not too difficult to achieve in the U. S.

The next big breakthrough in artificial intelligence could come from giving machines not just more logical capacity, but emotional capacity as well.
Feeling aren’t usually associated with inanimate(无生命的) machines, but Posalind Picard, a professor of computer technology at MIT, believes emotion may be just the thing computes need to work effectively. Computers need artificial emotion both to understand their human users better and to achieve self-analysis and self-improvement, says Picard.
"If we want computers to be genuinely intelligent, to adapt to us, and to interact naturally with us, then they will need the ability to recognize and express emotions, to have emotions, and to have what has come to be called emotional intelligence," Picard says.
One way that emotions can help computers, she suggests, is by helping keep them from crashing. Today’s computers produce error messages, but they do not have a "gut feeling" of knowing when something is wrong or doesn’t make sense. A healthy fear of death could motivate a computer to stop trouble as soon as it stars. On the other hand, self-preservation would need to be subordinate to service to humans. It was fear of its own death that promoted RAL, the fictional computer in the film 2002: A Space Odyssey, to extermine (消灭) most of its human associates.
Similarly, computers that could "read" their users would accumulate a store of highly personal information about us—not just what we said and did, but what we likely thought and felt.
"Emotion not only contribute to a richer quality of interaction, but they directly impact a person’s ability to interact in an intelligent way," Picard says. "Emotional skills, especially the ability to recognize and express emotions, are essential for natural communication with humans./
According to Picard, emotion intelligence is necessary to computers because ______.

A:it can make computers analyze the information more efficiently B:it can help to eliminate the computrs’ innate problems C:it can improve the mechanic capacity of computers D:it can make computers achieve a better understanding of human users

Relaxation
During a state of deep relaxation, several physiological changes take place in the body: the body’s oxygen consumption is reduced; the heart heat decreases; muscle tension and sweating ease, and there is decreased sympathetic(交感的) nervous system activity. This restful state not only allows the body to repair and restore itself, but it has a calming effect on the consciousness.
How to achieve this state of relaxation, however, is a matter of opinion, and in some medical circles, a matter of controversy(争论). A recent report by Dr. David Holmes of the University of Kansas in the journal "American Psychologist" said that simply sitting in an armchair has just as many beneficial characteristics for the body as meditation(冥想) does. Researchers of other relaxation techniques disagree. These experts believe that more structured techniques, such as meditation, lead to a condition of deep relaxation.
The debate goes on, but one thing appears to be clear that the relaxation response can be reached by a number of methods, and the methods themselves are not as important as getting there. One day, one method may work best; on another day, an alternative method may be more appropriate. Once you are aware of all the methods, you can find the one that works best for you.
Some of the relaxation techniques are meditation, autoanalysis (自我心理分析) and progressive muscle relaxation. Although these techniques may not, in the end, produce more of a relaxation response than just sitting quietly in a chair, they have the added benefit of structure and discipline, and for these reasons appear to be more effective for most individuals.

People seem to agree that （　）

A:sitting in an armchair benefits a person as meditation does B:structured relaxation techniques are more beneficial for a person C:to achieve a state of deep relaxation is possible through various means D:what people are all struggling for is a state of deep relaxation

The next big breakthrough in artificial intelligence could come from giving machines not just more logical capacity, but emotional capacity as well.
Feeling aren’t usually associated with inanimate(无生命的) machines, but Posalind Picard, a professor of computer technology at MIT, believes emotion may be just the thing computes need to work effectively. Computers need artificial emotion both to understand their human users better and to achieve self-analysis and self-improvement, says Picard.
"If we want computers to be genuinely intelligent, to adapt to us, and to interact naturally with us, then they will need the ability to recognize and express emotions, to have emotions, and to have what has come to be called emotional intelligence. " Picard says.
One way that emotions can help computers, she suggests, is by helping keep them from crashing. Today’s computers produce error messages, but they do not have a "gut feeling" of knowing when something is wrong or doesn’t make sense. A healthy fear of death could motivate a computer to stop trouble as soon as it starts. On the other hand, self-preservation would need to be subordinate to service to humans. It was fear of its own death that promoted RAL, the fictional computer in the film 2002:A Space Odyssey, to extermine (消灭) most of its human associates.
Similarly, computers that could "read" their users would accumulate a store of highly personal information about us-not just what we said and did, but what we likely thought and felt.
"Emotion not only contributes to a richer quality of interaction, but they directly impact a person’s ability to interact in an intelligent way, " Picard says, "Emotional skills, especially the ability to recognize and express emotions, are essential for natural communication with humans. /
According to Picard, emotion intelligence is necessary to computers because ______.

A:it can make computers analyze the information more efficiently B:it can help to eliminate the computers’ innate problems C:it can improve the mechanic capacity of computers D:it can make computers achieve a better understanding of human users

{{B}}第三篇{{/B}}

People seem to agree that ______.

A:sitting in an armchair benefits a person as meditation does B:structured relaxation techniques are more beneficial for a person C:to achieve a state of deep relaxation is possible through various means D:what people are all struggling for is a state of deep relaxation

Most people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone has imagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to access it. Creativity isn’t always connected with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time routinely think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a tricky question to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to help you.
This technique involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to find links between them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words associated with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original present; you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the night.
Imagine that normal limitations don’t exist. You have as much time/space/money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If, for example, your goal is to learn to ski(滑雪),you can now practice skiing every day of your life(because you have the time and the money). Now adapt this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January.
Look at the situation from a different point of view. Good negotiators(谈判者)use this technique in business, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the characters in their books. They ask questions: what does this character want Why can’t she get it What changes must she make to get what she wants What does she dream about If your goal involves other people, put yourself "in their shoes". The best fishermen think like fish!
The second technique suggests that you just imagine

A:setting a goal is as simple as skiing. B:you have every resource to achieve your goal. C:new possibilities will soon appear. D:December and January are the best months for skiin