Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on farms and in small towns and believed cities to be centres of (1) , crime, poverty and moral (2) Their distrust was caused, (3) , by a national ideology that (4) farming the greatest occupation and rural living (5) to urban living. This attitude (6) even as the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential (7) of the national landscape. Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology. Thousands (8) the precarious (不稳定的) life on the farm for more secure and better paying jobs in the city. But when these people (9) from the countryside, they carried their fears and suspicions with them. These new urbanities, already convinced that cities were (10) with great problems, eagerly (11) the progressive reforms that promised to bring order out of the (12) of the city.
One of many reforms came (13) the area of public utilities. Water and sewerage systems were usually operated by (14) governments, but the gas and electric networks were privately owned. Reformers feared that the privately owned utility companies would (15) exorbitant (过渡的) rates for these essential services and (16) them only to people who could afford them. Some city and state governments responded by (17) the utility companies, but a number of cities began to supply these services themselves. (18) of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation would (19) widespread access to these utilities and guarantee a (20) price.

A:proclaimed B:exclaimed C:claimed D:reclaim

Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on farms and in small towns and believed cities to be centres of (1) , crime, poverty and moral (2) Their distrust was caused, (3) , by a national ideology that (4) farming the greatest occupation and rural living (5) to urban living. This attitude (6) even as the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential (7) of the national landscape. Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology. Thousands (8) the precarious (不稳定的) life on the farm for more secure and better paying jobs in the city. But when these people (9) from the countryside, they carried their fears and suspicions with them. These new urbanities, already convinced that cities were (10) with great problems, eagerly (11) the progressive reforms that promised to bring order out of the (12) of the city.
One of many reforms came (13) the area of public utilities. Water and sewerage systems were usually operated by (14) governments, but the gas and electric networks were privately owned. Reformers feared that the privately owned utility companies would (15) exorbitant (过渡的) rates for these essential services and (16) them only to people who could afford them. Some city and state governments responded by (17) the utility companies, but a number of cities began to supply these services themselves. (18) of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation would (19) widespread access to these utilities and guarantee a (20) price.

A:proclaimed B:exclaimed C:claimed D:reclaim

He (claimed proudly) that he was the best swimmer in his school.

A:bragged B:alleged C:exclaimed D:praised

Latin might once have been claimed as the most suitable of possible international language.（）

A:acclaimed B:exclaimed C:alleged D:cancelled

"Try your best and get good grades and you’ll find a high-paying job with great benefits," my parents used to say. Their goal in life was to （36）a college education for my elder sister and me, so that we would have the greatest chance for success in life. When I （37）earned my diploma in 1976, my parents had realized their goal. It was the crowning achievement of their lives. I was hired by a "Big 8" accounting firm, and I （38）a long career and retirement at an early age. My husband, Michael, followed a （39）path. We both came from hard-working families, of modest means but with strong work ethics. Michael also graduated with honors, but he did it twice: first as an engineer and then from law school. He was quickly （40）by a prestigious Washington D.C. law firm that specialized in patent law, and his future seemed bright, career path well-defined and early retirement （41）. Although we have been successful in our careers, they have not （42）quite as we expected, We both have changed positions several times—for all the right reasons—but there are no pension plans vesting on our behalf. Our retirement （43）are growing only through our individual contributions. Michael and I have a wonderful marriage with three great children. We have spent a （44）making sure our children have received the best education （45）. One day in 1996, one of my children came home （46）with school. He was bored and tired of studying. "Why should I put time into studying subjects I’ll never use in real life" he （47）. Without thinking, I responded, "Because if you don’t get good grades, you won’t get into college. " "Regardless of whether I go to college," he replied, "I’m going to be rich. " "If you don’t graduate from college, you won’t get a good job," I responded with a tinge of panic and motherly （48）."And if you don’t have a good job, how do you plan to get rich" My son smirked and slowly （49）his head with mild boredom. We have had this talk many times before. He lowered his head and rolled his eyes. My words of motherly wisdom were failing on （50）ears once again. Though smart and strong-willed, he has always been a polite and respectful young man. "Mom," he began. It was my turn to be （51）. "Get with the times! Look around; the richest people didn’t get rich because of their （52）Look at Michael Jordan and Madonna. Even Bill Gates, who dropped out of Harvard, founded Microsoft; he is now the richest man in America, and he’s still in his 30s. There is a baseball pitcher who makes more than $4 million a year even though he has been （53）’mentally challenged’. " There was a long （54）between us. It was dawning on me that I was giving my son the same advice my parents had given me. The world around us has changed, but the advice hasn’t. Getting a good education and making good grades no longer （55） success, and nobody seems to have noticed, except our children.

A:explained B:protested C:exclaimed D:added

"Try your best and get good grades and you’ll find a high-paying job with great benefits," my parents used to say. Their goal in life was to （36）a college education for my elder sister and me, so that we would have the greatest chance for success in life. When I （37）earned my diploma in 1976, my parents had realized their goal. It was the crowning achievement of their lives. I was hired by a "Big 8" accounting firm, and I （38）a long career and retirement at an early age. My husband, Michael, followed a （39）path. We both came from hard-working families, of modest means but with strong work ethics. Michael also graduated with honors, but he did it twice: first as an engineer and then from law school. He was quickly （40）by a prestigious Washington D.C. law firm that specialized in patent law, and his future seemed bright, career path well-defined and early retirement （41）. Although we have been successful in our careers, they have not （42）quite as we expected, We both have changed positions several times—for all the right reasons—but there are no pension plans vesting on our behalf. Our retirement （43）are growing only through our individual contributions. Michael and I have a wonderful marriage with three great children. We have spent a （44）making sure our children have received the best education （45）. One day in 1996, one of my children came home （46）with school. He was bored and tired of studying. "Why should I put time into studying subjects I’ll never use in real life" he （47）. Without thinking, I responded, "Because if you don’t get good grades, you won’t get into college. " "Regardless of whether I go to college," he replied, "I’m going to be rich. " "If you don’t graduate from college, you won’t get a good job," I responded with a tinge of panic and motherly （48）."And if you don’t have a good job, how do you plan to get rich" My son smirked and slowly （49）his head with mild boredom. We have had this talk many times before. He lowered his head and rolled his eyes. My words of motherly wisdom were failing on （50）ears once again. Though smart and strong-willed, he has always been a polite and respectful young man. "Mom," he began. It was my turn to be （51）. "Get with the times! Look around; the richest people didn’t get rich because of their （52）Look at Michael Jordan and Madonna. Even Bill Gates, who dropped out of Harvard, founded Microsoft; he is now the richest man in America, and he’s still in his 30s. There is a baseball pitcher who makes more than $4 million a year even though he has been （53）’mentally challenged’. " There was a long （54）between us. It was dawning on me that I was giving my son the same advice my parents had given me. The world around us has changed, but the advice hasn’t. Getting a good education and making good grades no longer （55） success, and nobody seems to have noticed, except our children.

A:explained B:protested C:exclaimed D:added

"Try your best and get good grades and you’ll find a high-paying job with great benefits," my parents used to say. Their goal in life was to （36）a college education for my elder sister and me, so that we would have the greatest chance for success in life. When I （37）earned my diploma in 1976, my parents had realized their goal. It was the crowning achievement of their lives. I was hired by a "Big 8" accounting firm, and I （38）a long career and retirement at an early age. My husband, Michael, followed a （39）path. We both came from hard-working families, of modest means but with strong work ethics. Michael also graduated with honors, but he did it twice: first as an engineer and then from law school. He was quickly （40）by a prestigious Washington D.C. law firm that specialized in patent law, and his future seemed bright, career path well-defined and early retirement （41）. Although we have been successful in our careers, they have not （42）quite as we expected, We both have changed positions several times—for all the right reasons—but there are no pension plans vesting on our behalf. Our retirement （43）are growing only through our individual contributions. Michael and I have a wonderful marriage with three great children. We have spent a （44）making sure our children have received the best education （45）. One day in 1996, one of my children came home （46）with school. He was bored and tired of studying. "Why should I put time into studying subjects I’ll never use in real life" he （47）. Without thinking, I responded, "Because if you don’t get good grades, you won’t get into college. " "Regardless of whether I go to college," he replied, "I’m going to be rich. " "If you don’t graduate from college, you won’t get a good job," I responded with a tinge of panic and motherly （48）."And if you don’t have a good job, how do you plan to get rich" My son smirked and slowly （49）his head with mild boredom. We have had this talk many times before. He lowered his head and rolled his eyes. My words of motherly wisdom were failing on （50）ears once again. Though smart and strong-willed, he has always been a polite and respectful young man. "Mom," he began. It was my turn to be （51）. "Get with the times! Look around; the richest people didn’t get rich because of their （52）Look at Michael Jordan and Madonna. Even Bill Gates, who dropped out of Harvard, founded Microsoft; he is now the richest man in America, and he’s still in his 30s. There is a baseball pitcher who makes more than $4 million a year even though he has been （53）’mentally challenged’. " There was a long （54）between us. It was dawning on me that I was giving my son the same advice my parents had given me. The world around us has changed, but the advice hasn’t. Getting a good education and making good grades no longer （55） success, and nobody seems to have noticed, except our children.

A:explained B:protested C:exclaimed D:added