? ?The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: "store in the refrigerator."
? ?In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher (肉商), the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus (剩余的) bread and milk became all kinks of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceases, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.
? ?The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed—natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling...
? ?What refrigeration did promote was marketing—marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the glode in search of search of a good price.
? ?Consequently, most of the world’s fridges are to be round, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically amost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house—while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charg.
? ?The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don’t believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers (汉堡包), but at least you’ll get rid of that terrible hum.

Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author?

A:Inventors. B:Manufacturers. C:Consumers. D:Travelling salesmen.

? ?The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: "store in the refrigerator."
? ?In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher (肉商), the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus (剩余的) bread and milk became all kinks of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceases, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.
? ?The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed—natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling...
? ?What refrigeration did promote was marketing—marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the glode in search of search of a good price.
? ?Consequently, most of the world’s fridges are to be round, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically amost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house—while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charg.
? ?The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don’t believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers (汉堡包), but at least you’ll get rid of that terrible hum.

Which of the following phrases in the fifth paragraph indicates the fridge’s negative effect on the environment?

A:"With mild temperatures". B:"Climatically almost unnecessary". C:"Artificially-cooled space". D:"Hum away continuously".

? ?The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: "store in the refrigerator."
? ?In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher (肉商), the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus (剩余的) bread and milk became all kinks of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceases, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.
? ?The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed—natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling...
? ?What refrigeration did promote was marketing—marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the glode in search of search of a good price.
? ?Consequently, most of the world’s fridges are to be round, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically amost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house—while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charg.
? ?The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don’t believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers (汉堡包), but at least you’ll get rid of that terrible hum.

What is the author’s overall attitude toward fridges?

A:Critical. B:Neutral. C:Objective. D:Compromising.

? ?阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字。请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

? ?The US Supreme Court has just stepped into a public debate about the relationship between property and creativity in the information age. The Court’s decision to hear an obscure copyright case looks certain to fuel a debate that could have lasting implications for the publishing and entertainment industries and for individuals ranging from artists to scientists. {{U}}?(46) ?{{/U}}. The case in question tests the constitutionality of what opponents call the "Mickey Mouse Protection Act", the 1998 copyright extension law that saved Disney’s cartoon character from imminent death, in copyright terms. {{U}}?(47) ?{{/U}}.
? ?Beyond the semantics lies a much more important public debate about the nature of property on the internet. In a world where the theft of copyrighted property has been rendered effortless by technology, how can creators be rewarded without stifling the flow of ideas necessary to feed future creation? {{U}}?(48) ?{{/U}}.
? ?The issue was forced to the justices’ attention by a group of academics campaigning to defend the "public domain". James Boyle, an intellectual property theorist and Duke University professor, paints this domain as a kind of creative common land where we all graze of intellectuals and scientists (and computer geeks) at Duke, hoping to launch a movement to protect domain. {{U}}?(49) ?{{/U}}.
? ?The case now before the court is art of the anti-enclosure campaign. {{U}}?(50) ?{{/U}}.
? ?A. It was the brainchild of Lawrence Lessig, legal theorist of the internet, who argues that the essence of the internet is the freedom to innovate.
? ?B. How can society balance private and public rights in ideas?
? ?C. He argues that the inexorable advance of intellectual property law in recent years constitutes a "second enclosure movement" to parallel the 18th century enclosure of English common lands.
? ?D. Its examination of the limits of intellectual property will elevate to national prominence, a debate previously limited to academics, intellectuals and the occasional computer geek.
? ?E. The case is to put the copyright law into question.
? ?F. The justices must decide whether the LIS Congress exceeded its authority when it used that law to extend copyright protection by twenty years.

? ?阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字。请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

? ?The US Supreme Court has just stepped into a public debate about the relationship between property and creativity in the information age. The Court’s decision to hear an obscure copyright case looks certain to fuel a debate that could have lasting implications for the publishing and entertainment industries and for individuals ranging from artists to scientists. {{U}}?(46) ?{{/U}}. The case in question tests the constitutionality of what opponents call the "Mickey Mouse Protection Act", the 1998 copyright extension law that saved Disney’s cartoon character from imminent death, in copyright terms. {{U}}?(47) ?{{/U}}.
? ?Beyond the semantics lies a much more important public debate about the nature of property on the internet. In a world where the theft of copyrighted property has been rendered effortless by technology, how can creators be rewarded without stifling the flow of ideas necessary to feed future creation? {{U}}?(48) ?{{/U}}.
? ?The issue was forced to the justices’ attention by a group of academics campaigning to defend the "public domain". James Boyle, an intellectual property theorist and Duke University professor, paints this domain as a kind of creative common land where we all graze of intellectuals and scientists (and computer geeks) at Duke, hoping to launch a movement to protect domain. {{U}}?(49) ?{{/U}}.
? ?The case now before the court is art of the anti-enclosure campaign. {{U}}?(50) ?{{/U}}.
? ?A. It was the brainchild of Lawrence Lessig, legal theorist of the internet, who argues that the essence of the internet is the freedom to innovate.
? ?B. How can society balance private and public rights in ideas?
? ?C. He argues that the inexorable advance of intellectual property law in recent years constitutes a "second enclosure movement" to parallel the 18th century enclosure of English common lands.
? ?D. Its examination of the limits of intellectual property will elevate to national prominence, a debate previously limited to academics, intellectuals and the occasional computer geek.
? ?E. The case is to put the copyright law into question.
? ?F. The justices must decide whether the LIS Congress exceeded its authority when it used that law to extend copyright protection by twenty years.

? ?阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项。请根据短文的内容，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

? ?When British voters go to the polls during General Elections to decide {{U}}?(51) ?{{/U}} will govern them they usually have a choice of at least three candidates who will each {{U}}?(52) ?{{/U}} one of the three main political parties in Britain today.
? ?The Labour Party is the party of {{U}}?(53) ?{{/U}}, while the Tory Conservative Party the right and {{U}}?(54) ?{{/U}} the two, with policies and opinions of its own, is the smaller Liberal Party.
? ?Britain is divided into over 600 political units called "constituencies", each with {{U}}?(55) ?{{/U}} own candidates who stand for Parliament hoping to be elected (or re-elected) with large majorities. The cities and large towns are themselves divided into constituencies and they also choose the Members of parliament (MPs) who will represent their {{U}}?(56) ?{{/U}} in the houses of Parliament at Westminster. Here, in the "House", the government {{U}}?(57) ?{{/U}} the day led by its Prime minister and his Cabinet—a team of specially selected ministers—{{U}} ?(58) ?{{/U}} its duties of governing the country. Various proposals are put forward for debate and discussion and these may, {{U}}?(59) ?{{/U}} become part of the law of the land. The government {{U}}?(60) ?{{/U}} has to face the criticism of the other parties which are in opposition. This. is the sort of democratic process that the majority of British people seem to {{U}}?(61) ?{{/U}} Her Majesty’s Government is watched over by Her Majesty’s Opposition, and {{U}}?(62) ?{{/U}} a certain balance of power is maintained. Decisions are made by a majority vote and this, of course, is {{U}}?(63) ?{{/U}} the other parties, the liberals, the national and Regional parties and other independent parties can {{U}}?(64) ?{{/U}} their influence. Some issues may be decided on a {{U}}?(65) ?{{/U}} handful of votes.

A:what B:which C:who D:whom

? ?阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项。请根据短文的内容，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

? ?When British voters go to the polls during General Elections to decide {{U}}?(51) ?{{/U}} will govern them they usually have a choice of at least three candidates who will each {{U}}?(52) ?{{/U}} one of the three main political parties in Britain today.
? ?The Labour Party is the party of {{U}}?(53) ?{{/U}}, while the Tory Conservative Party the right and {{U}}?(54) ?{{/U}} the two, with policies and opinions of its own, is the smaller Liberal Party.
? ?Britain is divided into over 600 political units called "constituencies", each with {{U}}?(55) ?{{/U}} own candidates who stand for Parliament hoping to be elected (or re-elected) with large majorities. The cities and large towns are themselves divided into constituencies and they also choose the Members of parliament (MPs) who will represent their {{U}}?(56) ?{{/U}} in the houses of Parliament at Westminster. Here, in the "House", the government {{U}}?(57) ?{{/U}} the day led by its Prime minister and his Cabinet—a team of specially selected ministers—{{U}} ?(58) ?{{/U}} its duties of governing the country. Various proposals are put forward for debate and discussion and these may, {{U}}?(59) ?{{/U}} become part of the law of the land. The government {{U}}?(60) ?{{/U}} has to face the criticism of the other parties which are in opposition. This. is the sort of democratic process that the majority of British people seem to {{U}}?(61) ?{{/U}} Her Majesty’s Government is watched over by Her Majesty’s Opposition, and {{U}}?(62) ?{{/U}} a certain balance of power is maintained. Decisions are made by a majority vote and this, of course, is {{U}}?(63) ?{{/U}} the other parties, the liberals, the national and Regional parties and other independent parties can {{U}}?(64) ?{{/U}} their influence. Some issues may be decided on a {{U}}?(65) ?{{/U}} handful of votes.

A:represent B:present C:stand D:oppose