All over the earth’s surface is a layer of air which extends upwards for many miles. This air (1) the oxygen without which neither plants nor animals (2) live. Its movements, temperature and pressure (3) the weather, and it is a vehicle (4) the clouds of water vapour (5) condense and fall as rain. It forms a blanket which (6) us from the extreme heat of the sun during the day and (7) the extreme cold when the sun has (8)
It is chiefly (9) air that sound travels, so that if there were no air we should (10) practically nothing. The atmosphere is held (11) the earth’s surface by the gravitational pull of the earth -- that.is, it has weight. High up it is thin (12) near the surface it is compressed by the (13) of air above, and is more dense. The weight of air pressing (14) each square inch of surface at sea-level is nearly (15) pounds, which meansthat the total force (16) the skin of an average man is about 30,000 pounds. He is not , (17) this because the pressure is equal in alldirections and the pressure inside him is equal (18) -that without, but should he go up in a balloon to a height at which the outside- pressure is (19) he would suffer acutely. It is (20) this reason that the cabins of aeroplanes are ’ pressurized’.

2（）

A:into B:near C:for D:above

All over the earth’s surface is a layer of air which extends upwards for many miles. This air (1) the oxygen without which neither plants nor animals (2) live. Its movements, temperature and pressure (3) the weather, and it is a vehicle (4) the clouds of water vapour (5) condense and fall as rain. It forms a blanket which (6) us from the extreme heat of the sun during the day and (7) the extreme cold when the sun has (8)
It is chiefly (9) air that sound travels, so that if there were no air we should (10) practically nothing. The atmosphere is held (11) the earth’s surface by the gravitational pull of the earth -- that.is, it has weight. High up it is thin (12) near the surface it is compressed by the (13) of air above, and is more dense. The weight of air pressing (14) each square inch of surface at sea-level is nearly (15) pounds, which meansthat the total force (16) the skin of an average man is about 30,000 pounds. He is not , (17) this because the pressure is equal in alldirections and the pressure inside him is equal (18) -that without, but should he go up in a balloon to a height at which the outside- pressure is (19) he would suffer acutely. It is (20) this reason that the cabins of aeroplanes are ’ pressurized’.

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)9（）

A:into B:near C:for D:above

Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) You hear a great many complaints today about the excessive security consciousness of our young people. My complaint is the (1) :in the large organizations especially, there are not enough job opportunities for those young people who need challenge and risk. Jobs in which there is greater emphasis on (2) performance of well-organized duties (3) on imagination especially for the beginner—are to be found, for instance, in the inside jobs (4) banking or insurance, (5) normally offer great job security but not rapid promotion or large pay. The same is (6) most government work, of the railroad industry, particularly in the clerical and engineering branches, and (7) most public (8) . The book keeping and accounting areas, especially in the larger companies, are generally of this type, too (9) a successful comptroller is an accountant (10) great management and business imagination. At the other extreme are (11) areas as buying, selling, and advertising, in which the (12) is on adaptability, on imagination, and on a desire to do new and different things. In those areas, (13) , there is little security, either personal or economic. The rewards, (14) , are high and come more rapidly. Major premium on imagination—though of a different kind and coupled (15) dogged persistence on details (16) in most research and engineering work. Jobs in production, as supervisor or executive, also demand much adaptability and imagination. (17) to popular belief, a very small business requires, above all, close attention to daily routine. Running a neighborhood drugstore or a small grocery, or being a toy jobber, is largely attention to details. But in very small business there is also (18) for quite a few people of the other type of personality--the innovator or imaginer. If successful, a man of this type soon ceases to be in a very small business. (19) the real innovator (20) is, still, no more promising opportunity in this country than that of building a large out of a very small business.

Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.14（）

A:same B:above C:opposite D:follows

During the winter, most London auctioneers have wine auctions (拍卖). Some are of wines for everyday (1) , but most are of fine wines. Last winter, at Christies, a dozen bottles of Lafite 1945 were (2) down at ￡ 158 the bottle. 1945 and 1961 are the two most vintage (3) for claret (红葡萄酒). Of course, that is not the maximum you could pay. Not (4) ago, an American at Christies (5) ￡8,500 for one bottle of Lafite 1806.
Sometimes, it is a matter of (6) objective. Last October, a restaurateur from Memphis, paid ￡9,000 for a magnum--that is, a two-bottle size--of 1864 Lafite. He (7) 30 people $1,500 each for a dinner with a small glass of the wine. It was (8) ten times the cost of the wine in publicity for his restaurant.
Of course, some people buy wine purely for investment. A syndicate of four will buy a (9) of Lafite 1945 at, say, ￡2,000. Each takes three bottles. Then each drinks (10) bottle, and keeps the other two to sell later at the (11) price as the three cost in the first place. That is, naturally, taking inflation into (12) .
But there is no (13) that a bottle of wine at ￡ 1,000 is a hundred times (14) than one that costs ￡ 10. Perhaps the top price you can pay for wine to enjoy for drinking is ￡ 100 a bottle. Above ￡ 100, you are paying for something (15) than taste.

A:better B:superior C:above D:more

During the winter, most London auctioneers have wine auctions (拍卖). Some are of wines for everyday (1) , but most are of fine wines. Last winter, at Christies, a dozen bottles of Lafite 1945 were (2) down at ￡ 158 the bottle. 1945 and 1961 are the two most vintage (3) for claret (红葡萄酒). Of course, that is not the maximum you could pay. Not (4) ago, an American at Christies (5) ￡8,500 for one bottle of Lafite 1806.
Sometimes, it is a matter of (6) objective. Last October, a restaurateur from Memphis, paid ￡9,000 for a magnum--that is, a two-bottle size--of 1864 Lafite. He (7) 30 people $1,500 each for a dinner with a small glass of the wine. It was (8) ten times the cost of the wine in publicity for his restaurant.
Of course, some people buy wine purely for investment. A syndicate of four will buy a (9) of Lafite 1945 at, say, ￡2,000. Each takes three bottles. Then each drinks (10) bottle, and keeps the other two to sell later at the (11) price as the three cost in the first place. That is, naturally, taking inflation into (12) .
But there is no (13) that a bottle of wine at ￡ 1,000 is a hundred times (14) than one that costs ￡ 10. Perhaps the top price you can pay for wine to enjoy for drinking is ￡ 100 a bottle. Above ￡ 100, you are paying for something (15) than taste.

A:to B:rather C:above D:over

The main idea of the above article is ______.

A:Happiness means the same to everyone B:Happiness is the thing that everyone wants most of all C:Money makes one happy, so does helping others D:Both A and C

In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions. With no difference between his products and the products (51) his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or (52) the market price. However, in considering the price, he must take the (53) of production into consideration. There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost. This might happen when prices tumble for (54) he believes will be a short time. However, no business person can (55) to lose money for a prolonged period. He must be constantly (56) of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to compete successfully and earn a profit.
Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per unit decrease. (57) mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production, (58) logic and practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production. Some economists (59) to this principle as the law of increasing costs.
The reason costs rise as production goes up is (60) . However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow, (61) competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production. If a producer needs (62) skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get (63) from other sources. This can be done by (64) higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production. We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, (65) not all land is equally fertile and not all ore (矿石) is equally rich in the mineral wanted.

52（　）

A:below B:beneath C:over D:above

Cost as a Factor in Supply
In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions. With no difference between his products and the products (51) his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or (52) the market price. However, in considering the price, he must take the (53) of production into consideration. There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost. This might happen when prices tumble for (54) he believes will be a short time. However, no business person can (55) to lose money for a prolonged period. He must be constantly (56) of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to compete successfully and earn a profit.
Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per unit decrease. (57) mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production, (58) logic and practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production. Some economists (59) to this principle as the law of increasing costs.
The reason costs rise as production goes up is (60) . However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow, (61) competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production. If a producer needs (62) skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get (63) from other sources. This can be done by (64) higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production. We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, (65) not all land is equally fertile and not all ore (矿石) is equally rich in the mineral wanted.

52（　）.

A:below B:beneath C:over D:above

? ?阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从 4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

A:below B:beneath C:over D:above

Cost as a Factor in Supply In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions. With no difference between his products and the products________(51) his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or __________(52) the market price. However, in considering the price, he must take the ____________(53)of production into consideration. There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost. This might happen when prices tumble for__________(54) he believes will be a short time. However, no business person can __________(55)to lose money for a prolonged period. He must be constantly __________(56)of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to competes successfully and earn a profit. Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per unit decrease._________(57)mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production,________(58) logic and practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production. Some economists_________(59)to this principle as the law of increasing costs. The reason costs rise as production goes up is __________(60). However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow,__________(61)competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production. If a producer needs___________(62) skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get __________(63)from other sources. This can be done by ___________(64)higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production. We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, ___________(65)not all land is equally fertile and not all ore(矿石)is equally rich in the mineral wanted

A:below B:beneath C:over D:above