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Passage one Long bus rides are like television shows .They have a beginning ,a Middle and an end –with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes .The commercials are unavoidable .They happen whether you want them or not .Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window . “buy super clean toothpaste”. “Drink Good’n Wet Root Beer .””Fill up with Pacific Gas .”Only if you sleep ,which site equal to turning the television set off ,are you spared the unending cry of “You Need It ! Buy It Now !” The beginning of the ride is comfortable and somewhat exciting ,Even if you’ve traveled that way before .usually some things have changed-new houses ,new buildings ,sometimes even a new road .The bus driver has a style of driving and it’s fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so . If the driver is particularly reckless or daring ,the ride can be an thrilling as a suspense story .Will the driver pass the truck in time Will the driver move into the right or the left –hand lane After a while,of course,the excitement dies down .sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride .Food always makes bus rides more interesting .But you’ve got to be careful of what kind of foodyou eat .Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops. The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning .You know it will soon be over and there’s a kind of expectation and excitement in that .The seat ,of course ,has become harder as the hours have passed.By now you’ve sat with you legs crossed ,with your hands crossed behind your head .the end comes just at the right time . There are just no more ways to sit.
What is the purpose of this passage （）A:To give the write’s opinion about long bus trips B:To persuade you to take a long bus trip C:To explain how bus trips and television shows differ D:To describe the billboards along the road
Passage one Long bus rides are like television shows .They have a beginning ,a Middle and an end –with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes .The commercials are unavoidable .They happen whether you want them or not .Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window . “buy super clean toothpaste”. “Drink Good’n Wet Root Beer .””Fill up with Pacific Gas .”Only if you sleep ,which site equal to turning the television set off ,are you spared the unending cry of “You Need It ! Buy It Now !” The beginning of the ride is comfortable and somewhat exciting ,Even if you’ve traveled that way before .usually some things have changed-new houses ,new buildings ,sometimes even a new road .The bus driver has a style of driving and it’s fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so . If the driver is particularly reckless or daring ,the ride can be an thrilling as a suspense story .Will the driver pass the truck in time Will the driver move into the right or the left –hand lane After a while,of course,the excitement dies down .sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride .Food always makes bus rides more interesting .But you’ve got to be careful of what kind of foodyou eat .Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops. The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning .You know it will soon be over and there’s a kind of expectation and excitement in that .The seat ,of course ,has become harder as the hours have passed.By now you’ve sat with you legs crossed ,with your hands crossed behind your head .the end comes just at the right time . There are just no more ways to sit. What is the purpose of this passage ( )
A:To give the write’s opinion about long bus trips B:To persuade you to take a long bus trip C:To explain how bus trips and television shows differ D:To describe the billboards along the road
Long bus rides are like television shows .They have a beginning ,a Middle and an end –with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes .The commercials are unavoidable .They happen whether you want them or not .Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window . “buy super clean toothpaste”. “Drink Good’n Wet Root Beer .””Fill up with Pacific Gas .”Only if you sleep ,which site equal to turning the television set off ,are you spared the unending cry of “You Need It ! Buy It Now !” The beginning of the ride is comfortable and somewhat exciting ,Even if you’ve traveled that way before .usually some things have changed-new houses ,new buildings ,sometimes even a new road .The bus driver has a style of driving and it’s fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so . If the driver is particularly reckless or daring ,the ride can be an thrilling as a suspense story .Will the driver pass the truck in time Will the driver move into the right or the left –hand lane After a while,of course,the excitement dies down .sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride .Food always makes bus rides more interesting .But you’ve got to be careful of what kind of foodyou eat .Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops. The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning .You know it will soon be over and there’s a kind of expectation and excitement in that .The seat ,of course ,has become harder as the hours have passed.By now you’ve sat with you legs crossed ,with your hands crossed behind your head .the end comes just at the right time . There are just no more ways to sit. What is the purpose of this passage ( )
A:To give the write’s opinion about long bus trips B:To persuade you to take a long bus trip C:To explain how bus trips and television shows differ D:To describe the billboards along the road
Text 4
More people than ever before are embarking on their own enterprise adventure and starting their own business. Nearly 400, 000 companies were established last year, or 35 percent more than in 2002.
But official statistics also show that more businesses than ever are failing. Last year, a record 40,000 businesses were declared insolvent.
With so many businesses failing it is important if you are thinking of starting a business to plan and prepare properly. This will also increase the chances of securing finance.
"One of the key parts of starting a business is ensuring that the original idea is developed into a fully viable product or service," Judith Rutherford, the chief executive of Business Link for London, says. "Establishing whether there is a market for the product or service is the next step. This should include a thorough examination of potential competitors and customers," she says. "It may also be worth commissioning some market research."
If the research demonstrates there is a viable Business to be had, then the next step is to develop a detailed business plan. As well as details of the product and market, this should also include a budget plan and cashflow forecast. Approaching a qualified accountant can also help. A professional looking plan with credible figures will make it easier to attract finance.
But John Rendall, the head of business banking at HSBC warns against falling into the trap of creating a business plan designed solely with the objective of securing funding.
"A good business plan should demonstrate some critical thinking about your business, help you clarify what you want to achieve and how you are going to achieve it. It should also help you mark progress, set goals and be in better shape to deal with the challenges any new business is likely to face," Mr. Rendall says.
"This approach is far more likely to impress than something solely designed to justify borrowing." Mr. Rendall also advises businesses not to underestimate how much they need to borrow. "Don’t be tempted to underplay the debt you require just to please your bank," he says. "A bank is just as likely to consider a larger sum if it is persuaded of the growth potential of your business."
A good business plan should also include contingency plans that outline responses to unforeseen circumstances--positive as well as negative. For example, what would be the financial impact of changed economic circumstances What changes could be made to respond It is always worth getting comments from friends or colleagues who can bring a more detached perspective.
It could also be worth taking the time to investigate whether your business qualifies for any grants. Grants are available from a variety of sources including the Government and its various departments and agencies, the European Union and some charitable organizations. If you are under the age of 30, it would be worth visiting the Prince’s Trust website, which last year helped more than 4,300 young people start-up in business. More details on how to find grants, raise finance and improve financial management can be found on Times Online’s Grant and Finance guide.
A:make you be prepared for your enterprise adventure. B:persuade the bank to lend you the large sum of money you require. C:help you get grants, raise finance and improve financial management. D:help you make the right first step to set up your own business.
Text 4 More people than ever before are embarking on their own enterprise adventure and starting their own business. Nearly 400, 000 companies were established last year, or 35 percent more than in 2002. But official statistics also show that more businesses than ever are failing. Last year, a record 40,000 businesses were declared insolvent. With so many businesses failing it is important if you are thinking of starting a business to plan and prepare properly. This will also increase the chances of securing finance. "One of the key parts of starting a business is ensuring that the original idea is developed into a fully viable product or service," Judith Rutherford, the chief executive of Business Link for London, says. "Establishing whether there is a market for the product or service is the next step. This should include a thorough examination of potential competitors and customers," she says. "It may also be worth commissioning some market research." If the research demonstrates there is a viable Business to be had, then the next step is to develop a detailed business plan. As well as details of the product and market, this should also include a budget plan and cashflow forecast. Approaching a qualified accountant can also help. A professional looking plan with credible figures will make it easier to attract finance. But John Rendall, the head of business banking at HSBC warns against falling into the trap of creating a business plan designed solely with the objective of securing funding. "A good business plan should demonstrate some critical thinking about your business, help you clarify what you want to achieve and how you are going to achieve it. It should also help you mark progress, set goals and be in better shape to deal with the challenges any new business is likely to face," Mr. Rendall says. "This approach is far more likely to impress than something solely designed to justify borrowing." Mr. Rendall also advises businesses not to underestimate how much they need to borrow. "Don’t be tempted to underplay the debt you require just to please your bank," he says. "A bank is just as likely to consider a larger sum if it is persuaded of the growth potential of your business." A good business plan should also include contingency plans that outline responses to unforeseen circumstances--positive as well as negative. For example, what would be the financial impact of changed economic circumstances What changes could be made to respond It is always worth getting comments from friends or colleagues who can bring a more detached perspective. It could also be worth taking the time to investigate whether your business qualifies for any grants. Grants are available from a variety of sources including the Government and its various departments and agencies, the European Union and some charitable organizations. If you are under the age of 30, it would be worth visiting the Prince’s Trust website, which last year helped more than 4,300 young people start-up in business. More details on how to find grants, raise finance and improve financial management can be found on Times Online’s Grant and Finance guide.
The reason why a good business plan is important is that it can（）A:make you be prepared for your enterprise adventure. B:persuade the bank to lend you the large sum of money you require. C:help you get grants, raise finance and improve financial management. D:help you make the right first step to set up your own business.
More people than ever before are embarking on their own enterprise adventure and starting their own business. Nearly 400, 000 companies were established last year, or 35 percent more than in 2002.
But official statistics also show that more businesses than ever are failing. Last year, a record 40,000 businesses were declared insolvent.
With so many businesses failing it is important if you are thinking of starting a business to plan and prepare properly. This will also increase the chances of securing finance.
"One of the key parts of starting a business is ensuring that the original idea is developed into a fully viable product or service," Judith Rutherford, the chief executive of Business Link for London, says. "Establishing whether there is a market for the product or service is the next step. This should include a thorough examination of potential competitors and customers," she says. "It may also be worth commissioning some market research."
If the research demonstrates there is a viable Business to be had, then the next step is to develop a detailed business plan. As well as details of the product and market, this should also include a budget plan and cashflow forecast. Approaching a qualified accountant can also help. A professional looking plan with credible figures will make it easier to attract finance.
But John Rendall, the head of business banking at HSBC warns against falling into the trap of creating a business plan designed solely with the objective of securing funding.
"A good business plan should demonstrate some critical thinking about your business, help you clarify what you want to achieve and how you are going to achieve it. It should also help you mark progress, set goals and be in better shape to deal with the challenges any new business is likely to face," Mr. Rendall says.
"This approach is far more likely to impress than something solely designed to justify borrowing." Mr. Rendall also advises businesses not to underestimate how much they need to borrow. "Don’t be tempted to underplay the debt you require just to please your bank," he says. "A bank is just as likely to consider a larger sum if it is persuaded of the growth potential of your business."
The reason why a good business plan is important is that it can（）
A:make you be prepared for your enterprise adventure. B:persuade the bank to lend you the large sum of money you require. C:help you get grants, raise finance and improve financial management. D:help you make the right first step to set up your own business.
Have you ever wondered why authors write Sometimes they are inspired to create stories. Other times they write to provide information about an interesting topic. Some authors write to convince us about something. Whatever the circumstances, authors have reasons for writing; this is called, the "author’s purpose." The three most common types of author’s purpose are: to entertain, to inform, and to persuade.
Think about the last time a story made you laugh, cry, or tremble with fright. These types of stories are written with a particular purpose in mind: to entertain the reader. Authors write many kinds of stories to entertain, including humorous fiction, realistic fiction, fantasy, fairy tales, and fables. While fiction entertains, non-fiction has a different purpose.
Many non-fiction writings or texts are written with the purpose of giving information about an interesting topic. Authors who write to inform must research their subject to ensure that they convey accurate information to the reader. Some examples of texts that inform are encyclopedia entries, news articles, expository non-fiction books, and interviews. All of these types of writing give information about certain topics.
Sometimes authors write because they want to convince their readers about something. This is called argumentative, or persuasive writing. Oftentimes, texts that are meant to persuade use specific techniques to make the reader care about the subject, and to think about it in a certain way. These techniques might be found in letters to the editor, argumentative essays, or persuasive speeches.
Next time you read a text, see if you can figure what the author is trying to tell you. It might be easier than you think. Just ask yourself: what is the author’s purpose
A:to persuade B:to convince C:to entertain D:to inform
Usually the primary purpose of textbook writing is to inform. In textbooks, authors wellinformed in a particular subject or discipline identify the terms, facts, and opinions considered essential to an understanding of the field. While authors’ personal interests play a role in what terms or facts are selected and how they are interpreted, the writing bears a primary or central goal which is not to persuade you to see things from the same perspective. In fact, textbook authors frequently give equal time to opposing points of view so that readers can draw their own conclusion.
However, as you turn from your textbooks to the pages of newspapers and magazines, you may encounter writers with other primary goals. Some write to entertain; others write simply to air a personal preference. However, a good portion of the writers you encounter, particularly on the editorial (社论) pages, write in the hope that you will share or at least seriously consider adopting their opinion. They write, in short, with the-desire to persuade. To achieve that goal, they may well give you an argument. That doesn’t mean they force you or threaten you. It means they offer a conclusion--the opinion they want you to share--along with some reasons why you should share it. Critical readers try, first of all, to recognize those writers who wish to persuade. Then they analyze the arguments these writers provide.
Authors who give you arguments frequently offer a value judgement--"While zoos may be fun for people, they are not so pleasant for animals. "Or they claim that some event, action, or behavior should or should not take place--"If the name of the accused is published, the name of the accuser should be published as well." Or else they insist that some belief or attitude should or should not be shared--"People must stop believing that the earth can absorb repeated environmental damage and continue to sustain life."
A:inform B:persuade C:entertain D:argue
Usually the primary purpose of textbook writing is to inform. In textbooks, authors wellinformed in a particular subject or discipline identify the terms, facts, and opinions considered essential to an understanding of the field. While authors’ personal interests play a role in what terms or facts are selected and how they are interpreted, the writing bears a primary or central goal which is not to persuade you to see things from the same perspective. In fact, textbook authors frequently give equal time to opposing points of view so that readers can draw their own conclusion.
However, as you turn from your textbooks to the pages of newspapers and magazines, you may encounter writers with other primary goals. Some write to entertain; others write simply to air a personal preference. However, a good portion of the writers you encounter, particularly on the editorial (社论) pages, write in the hope that you will share or at least seriously consider adopting their opinion. They write, in short, with the-desire to persuade. To achieve that goal, they may well give you an argument. That doesn’t mean they force you or threaten you. It means they offer a conclusion--the opinion they want you to share--along with some reasons why you should share it. Critical readers try, first of all, to recognize those writers who wish to persuade. Then they analyze the arguments these writers provide.
Authors who give you arguments frequently offer a value judgement--"While zoos may be fun for people, they are not so pleasant for animals. "Or they claim that some event, action, or behavior should or should not take place--"If the name of the accused is published, the name of the accuser should be published as well." Or else they insist that some belief or attitude should or should not be shared--"People must stop believing that the earth can absorb repeated environmental damage and continue to sustain life."
A:inform B:persuade C:entertain D:argue
