综合计量(中级)
综合计量(中级)
What we take from and give to the sea
As long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it.
We take fishes from the ocean – millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. __1__. We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates. __2__. Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea1, too. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. __3__. Seaweed becomes food of many kinds – even candy, and ice cream – as well as medicine.
Believe it or not, fresh water is anther gift from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water. __4__. But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. In the future, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea.
The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea? Garbage. __5__. Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water we pour into it, Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life2. Yet as the world population grows, we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever.
We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas, we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late.
词汇：
fertilizer/ "fɜːtɪlaɪzə / n．化肥
sponge /spɔndʒ/ n．海绵
garbage / "gɑːbɪdʒ / n．垃圾
evaporate / ɪ"væpəreɪt / v．蒸发
seaweed /"si:wi:d/ n．海草
注释：
1.Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too.还有不少金和银的漂流物溶解在海水里。
2.Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life.把垃圾往大海里倾倒就是在把海洋生物杀绝灭尽。
练习:
A.Natural sponges become cleaning aids.
B.We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump.
C.The area of the sea is becoming smaller and smaller.
D.Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation.
E.We even use their bones for fertilizer.
F.Some of its contents may cause illness.
空1
A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F
The First Four Minutes
You may have noticed that the average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he has just met. ___2___ If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much.
When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident. In general, he says, “People like people who like themselves1. ”
On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves. It is important to appear interested and sympathetic，realizing that the other person has his own needs， fears, and hopes.
Hearing such advice, one might say, "But I"m not a friendly, self-confident person. That"s not my nature. It would be dishonest for me to act that way. ”
___3___We can become accustomed to any changes we choose to make in our personality. “It is like getting used to a new car. It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old one. ”
But isn"t it dishonest to give the appearance of friendly self-confidence when we don"t actually feel that way? Perhaps, but according to Dr. Zunin, "total honesty" is not always good for social relationships2 ’ especially during the first few minutes of contact. There is a time for everything, and a certain amount of play-acting may be best for the first few minutes of contact with a stranger3. That is not the time to complain about one"s health or to mention faults one finds in other people. It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one"s opinions and impressions.
___4___For a husband and wife or a parent and child, problems often arise during their first four minutes together after they have been apart. Dr. Zunin suggests that these first few minutes together be treated with care. If there are unpleasant matters to be discussed, they should be dealt with later.
The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course5 in everyschool, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. ___5___That is at least as important as how much we know.
Undivided/ ʌndɪ"vaɪdɪd / adj．不分散的，专一的
accustomed / ə"kʌstəmd / adj．惯常的
personality / pɜːsə"nælɪtɪ / n．个性，人格
1.People like people who like themselves.人们喜欢那些有自信心的人。这里的who like themselves不作“喜欢自己”解，根据上下文，可以解释为“有自信的人”。
A In reply, Dr. Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits.
B Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to4 relationships with family members and friends.
C In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.
D Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.
E He keeps looking over the other person"s shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.
F He is eager to make friends with everyone.
空2
A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F
Teamwork in Tourism
Growing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned1. Government bureaus, trade and travel associations, carriers and properties2 are all working together to bring about optimum3 conditions for travelers.
_____(1)_____They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services, and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and in preparing effective advertising campaigns. They distribute materials to agencies, such as journals, brochures4 and advertising projects._____(2)_____
Tourist counselors give valuable seminars5 to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling._____(3)_____
Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts, considering both the comfort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement._____(4)_____
_____(5)_____Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers, and agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours. All services must work together for greater efficiency, fair pricing and contented customers.
词汇：
bureau /"bjuərəu/ n．局，部门
sponsor / "spɒnsə /v．发起，赞助
agency / "eɪdʒ(ə)nsɪ / n．（旅行）社
acquaint / ə"kweɪnt /v．使熟悉
car-rental/"ka:"rentl/ n．汽车租赁
purchase / "pɜ:tʃəs / n．购买
contented /kən"tentid/ adj．满意的
注释：
1. concerned：作定语时常常放在所修饰的词或短语的后面，表示“有关的”。例如：Everyone concerned must sign their names here.
2. carriers and properties：指运输公司和房地产公司。
3. optimum：形容词，意为“最佳的”。又如：an optimum temperature for this kind of flower：适合这种花生长的最佳温度。
4. brochure：指具有宣传性质的小册子。
5. seminar：研讨会
6. conversely: 相反地，反过来说。又如：The teacher gave the students knowledge, and conversely, the students offered the teacher their warmest gratitude.
练习：
A The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers, including car-rental and sight-seeing services.
B They offer familiarization and workshop tours so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand knowledge of the tours.
C Travel operators, specialists in the field of planning, sponsor extensive research programs.
D As a result of teamwork, tourism is flouring in all countries.
E Agencies rely upon the good services of hotels, and, conversely6, hotels rely upon agencies, to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.
F In this way agents learn to explain destinations and to suggest different modes and combinations of travel-planes, ships, trains, motorcoaches, car-rentals, and even car purchases.
空2
A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F
若p1、p2都是指向整型的指针，p1已经指向变量x，要使p2也指向x，正确的是（）。
A:p2=p1； B:p2=**p1； C:p2=&p1； D:p2=*p1；
由两种组分组成的理想溶液在平衡状态的蒸汽总压P与两种组分的蒸汽分压（P1P2）关系（）
A:
反动级动叶入口压力为P1，出口压力为P2，则P1和P2有（）关系。
A:P1＜P2 B:P1＞P2 C:P1＝P2 D:P1=0.5P2
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