The Commercial Revolution was not confined, of course, to the growth of trade and banking. Included in it also were fundamental changes in methods of production. The system of manufacture developed by the craft guilds in the later Middle Ages was rapidly becoming defunct. The guilds themselves, dominated by the master craftsmen, had grown selfish and exclusive. Membership in them was commonly restricted to a few privileged families. Besides, they were so completely choked by tradition that they were unable to make adjustments to changing conditions. Moreover, new industries had sprung up entirely outside the guild system. Characteristic examples were mining and smelting and the woolen industry. The rapid development of these enterprises was stimulated by technical advances, such as the invention of the spinning wheel and the discovery of a new method of making brass, which saved about half of the fuel previously used. In the mining and smelting industries a form of organization was adopted similar to that which has prevailed ever since.
But the most typical form of industrial production in the Commercial Revolution was the domestic system, developed first of all in the woolen industry. The domestic system derives its name from the fact that the work was done in the homes of industrial artisans instead of in the shop of a master craftsman. Since the various jobs in the manufacture of a product were given out on contract, the system is also known as the putting out system. Notwithstanding the petty scale of production, the organization was basically capitalistic. The raw material was purchased by an entrepreneur and assigned to individual worker, each of whom would complete his allotted task for a stipulated payment. In the case of the woolen industry the yarn would be given out first of all to the spinners, then to the weavers, fullers, and dyer in succession. When the cloth was finally finished, it would be taken by the clothier and sold in the open market for the highest price it would bring.
The author implies that______.

A:The guild system was more efficient B:The domestic system was capitalistic C:The technical advances stimulated the guild system D:The domestic system was not as efficient as the guild system

Vinton Cerf, known as the father of the Internet, said on Wednesday that the Web was outgrowing the planet Earth and the time had come to take the information superhighway to outer space.
"The Internet is growing quickly, and we still have a lot of work to do to cover the planet," Cerf told the first day of the annual conference of the Internet Society in Geneva where more than 1,500 cyberspace fans have gathered to seek answers to questions about the tangled web of the Internet
Ced believed that it would soon be possible to send real-time science data on the Internet from a space mission orbiting another planet such as Mars. "There is now an effort under way to design and build an interplanetary Internet. The space research community is coming closer and closer and merging. We think that we will see interplanetary Internet networks that look very much like the ones we use today. We will need interplanetary gateways and there will be protocols to transmit data between these gateways," Cerf said.
Francois Fluekiger, a scientist attending the conference from the European Particle Physics Laboratory near Geneva, was not entirely convinced, saying.. "We need dreams like this. But I don’t know any Martian whom I’d like to communicate with through the Internet. ’
Cerf has been working with NASA’s Pasadena Jet Propulsion Laboratory--the people behind the recent Mars expedition--to design what he calls an "interplanetary Internet protocol" He believes that astronauts will want to use the Internet, although special problems remain with interference and delay.
"This is quite real The effort is becoming extraordinarily concrete over the next few months because the next Mars mission is in planning stages now," Cerf told the conference.
"If we use domain names like Earth or Mars jet propulsion laboratory people would be coming together with people from the Internet community. ’ He added.
"The idea is to take the interplanetary Internet design and make it a part of the infrastructure of the Mars mission."
He later told a news conference that designing this system now would prepare mankind of future technological advances.
"The whole ides is to create an architecture so the design works anywhere. I don’t know where we’re going to have to put it but my guess is that we’ll be going out there some time," Cerf said.
"If you think 100 years from now, it is entirely possible that what will be purely research 50 years from now will become commercialized./
According to Cerf, the purpose to design interplanetary Internet is to

A:send real-time science data. B:communicate with astronauts. C:lay foundation for future technological advances. D:commercialize it

The Commercial Revolution was not confined, of course, to the growth of trade and banking. Included in it also were fundamental changes in methods of production. The system of manufacture developed by the craft guilds in the later Middle Ages was rapidly becoming defunct. The guilds themselves, dominated by the master craftsmen, had grown selfish and exclusive. Membership in them was commonly restricted to a few privileged families. Besides, they were so completely choked by tradition that they were unable to make adjustments to changing conditions. Moreover, new industries had sprung up entirely outside the guild system. Characteristic examples were mining and smelting and the woolen industry. The rapid development of these enterprises was stimulated by technical advances, such as the invention of the spinning wheel and the discovery of a new method of making brass, which saved about half of the fuel previously used. In the mining and smelting industries a form of organization was adopted similar to that which has prevailed ever since.
But the most typical form of industrial production in the Commercial Revolution was the domestic system, developed first of all in the woolen industry. The domestic system derives its name from the fact that the work was done in the homes of industrial artisans instead of in the shop of a master craftsman. Since the various jobs in the manufacture of a product were given out on contract, the system is also known as the putting out system. Notwithstanding the petty scale of production, the organization was basically capitalistic. The raw material was purchased by an entrepreneur and assigned to individual worker, each of whom would complete his allotted task for a stipulated payment. In the case of the woolen industry the yarn would be given out first of all to the spinners, then to the weavers, fullers, and dyer in succession. When the cloth was finally finished, it would be taken by the clothier and sold in the open market for the highest price it would bring.

The author implies that（）

A:The guild system was more efficient B:The domestic system was capitalistic C:The technical advances stimulated the guild system D:The domestic system was not as efficient as the guild system

The seventeenth century was one (which) many significant (advances) (were made) (in both) science and philosophy.（　）

A:which B:advances C:were made D:in both

? ?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。
{{B}}第一篇{{/B}}

What do activists worry about?

A:Recent news about AIDS is not true. B:People may stop worrying about AIDS. C:Deaths caused by AIDS may not decline. D:Advances in AIDS treatment are too slow.

{{B}}第二篇{{/B}}

What do activists worry about?

A:Recent news about AIDS is not true. B:People may stop worrying about AIDS. C:Deaths caused by AIDS may not decline. D:Advances in AIDS treatment are too slow.

Most people say that the USA is making progress in fighting AIDS,but they don’t know there’s no cure and strongly disagree that"the AIDS epidemic(流行)is over,"a new survey finds.
The findings, released Thursday by the Kaiser Family Foundation, reassure activists who have worried that public concern about AIDS might disappear in light of recent news about advances in treatment and declines in deaths.
"While people are very optimistic about the advances, they’ re still realistic about the fact that there is no cure",says Sophia Chang,director of HIV programs at the foundation.
The Kaiser survey,like a recent USA TODAY Gallup Poll(民意测验),does find that the number of people ranking AIDS as the country’s top health problem has fallen. In the Kaiser poll,38% say it’s the top concern,down from 44% in a 1996 poll;in the Oallup Poll, 29% say AIDS is No. 1,down from 41%in 1992 and 67% in 1987.
Other findings from Kaiser, which polled more than 1,200 adults in September and October and asked additional questions of another 1,000 adults in November:
52% say the country is making progress against AIDS,up from 32% in 1995.
51% say the government spends too little on AIDS.
86% correctly say AIDS drugs can now lengthen lives; an equal number correctly say that the drugs are not cures.
67% incorrectly say that AIDS deaths increased or stayed the same in the past year;24% know deaths fell.
Daniel Zingale,director of AIDS Action Council,says,"I’m encouraged that the American people are getting the message that the AIDS epidemic isn’t over. I hope the decision-makers in Washington are getting the same message... We have seen signs of complacency(得意). /
Most people in the USA believe that

A:advances have been made in treating AIDS. B:AIDS is no longer an epidemic. C:AIDS is killing more people than before. D:there is still no cure for AIDS.

Most people say that the USA is making progress in fighting AIDS,but they don’t know there’s no cure and strongly disagree that"the AIDS epidemic(流行)is over,"a new survey finds.
The findings, released Thursday by the Kaiser Family Foundation, reassure activists who have worried that public concern about AIDS might disappear in light of recent news about advances in treatment and declines in deaths.
"While people are very optimistic about the advances, they’ re still realistic about the fact that there is no cure",says Sophia Chang,director of HIV programs at the foundation.
The Kaiser survey,like a recent USA TODAY Gallup Poll(民意测验),does find that the number of people ranking AIDS as the country’s top health problem has fallen. In the Kaiser poll,38% say it’s the top concern,down from 44% in a 1996 poll;in the Oallup Poll, 29% say AIDS is No. 1,down from 41%in 1992 and 67% in 1987.
Other findings from Kaiser, which polled more than 1,200 adults in September and October and asked additional questions of another 1,000 adults in November:
52% say the country is making progress against AIDS,up from 32% in 1995.
51% say the government spends too little on AIDS.
86% correctly say AIDS drugs can now lengthen lives; an equal number correctly say that the drugs are not cures.
67% incorrectly say that AIDS deaths increased or stayed the same in the past year;24% know deaths fell.
Daniel Zingale,director of AIDS Action Council,says,"I’m encouraged that the American people are getting the message that the AIDS epidemic isn’t over. I hope the decision-makers in Washington are getting the same message... We have seen signs of complacency(得意). /
More than 50o% people in the Kaiser poll agree that

A:advances in AIDS treatment are too slow. B:AIDS is their top concern. C:the country spends too little on AIDS. D:AIDS deaths fell sharply.