The (1) of the fluorescent tube (2) a major revolution in the development of better and cheaper lighting. First shown at the New York and San Francisco World (3) in 1939, this more efficient, more diffuse, longer-lived lamp has been (4) improved, so that slowly it (5) the supremacy of the incandescent household globe. The fluorescent tube (6) Australian homes, shops and factories today is seven or eight times (7) thetubes that brought shadow-free lighting to many of Britain’s wartime factories. Its (8) too, is much greater — from 2, 000 hours in 1940 to mc/re than 7, 500 hours today.
But (9) its (10) use for more than 30 years, the fluorescent tube remains a
(11) to many of its users. It is built (12) a completely different (13) from the incandescent light. In the incandescent bulb, a tungsten wire (14) than a human hair, is brought to white-hot temperature by passing an electric (15) through it. In the fluorescent tube a stream of electrons bombards a gas containingmercury, (16) invisible ultraviolet radiation. The ultraviolet rays hit the fluorescent coating that (17) the tube, (18) it to grow. A 40 watt ’fluorescent tube gives twice as much light as a 100 .watt tungsten globe, (19) about five times as long, and runs cool enough to (20) higher levels of light.

Read tile following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.9（）

A:leading to B:resulting from C:resulting in D:bringing in

The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the world’s great writers. Before considering this question, it will be useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something which is in inadequate supply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and competition are both categories of opposition, which has been defined as a process by which social entities function in the disservice of one another.
Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies.
Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights, but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for occupancy of areas free from meat-eating animals. Those who fail in this competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The essence of the struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all.
Among nations there is competition in developing resources, trades, skills, and a satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and prosper; the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is.
The author indicates in the passage that conflict______.

A:is an inevitable struggle resulting from competition B:reflects the struggle among social animals C:is an opposition among individual social entities D:can be avoided

The question of whether war is inevitable is one, which has concerned many of the world’s great writers. Before considering this question, it will be useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something, which is in inadequate aupply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and competition are both categories of opposition, which has been defined as a process by which social entities function is the disservice of one another.
Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups in inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies.
Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, 0nly the fittest survive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights, but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for occupancy of areas free from meat-eating animals. Those who fail in this competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The essence of the struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all.
Among nations there is competition in developing resources, trades, skills, and a satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and prosper; the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is.

The author indicates in the passage that conflict（）

A:is an inevitable struggle resulting from competition B:reflects the struggle among social animals C:is an opposition among individual social entities D:can be avoided

Text 4 The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the world’s great writers. Before considering this question, it will be useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, ’is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social’entities independently striving for something that is in inadequate supply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and competition are both categories of opposition which has been defined as a process by which social entities function in the disservice of one another. Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies. Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights, but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for the occupancy of areas free from meat-eating animals. Those who fail in this competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The essence of the struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all. Among nations there is competition in developing resources, trades, skills, and a satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and prosper; the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is.

The author indicates in the passage that conflict（）

A:is an inevitable struggle resulting from competition B:reflects the struggle among social animals C:is an opposition among individual social entities D:can be avoided

The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the world’s great writers. Before considering this question, it will be useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something which is in inadequate supply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and competition are both categories of opposition, which has been defined as a process by which social entities function in the disservice of one another.
Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies.
Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights, but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for occupancy of areas free from meat-eating animals. Those who fail in this competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The essence of the struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all.
Among nations there is competition in developing resources, trades, skills, and a satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and prosper; the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is.

The author indicates in the passage that conflict（）

A:is an inevitable struggle resulting from competition B:reflects the struggle among social animals C:is an opposition among individual social entities D:can be avoided

The question of whether war is inevitable is one, which has concerned many of the world’s great writers. Before considering this question, it will be useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something, which is in inadequate aupply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and competition are both categories of opposition, which has been defined as a process by which social entities function is the disservice of one another.
Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups in inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies.
Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the struggle for existence among animal species, 0nly the fittest survive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights, but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for occupancy of areas free from meat-eating animals. Those who fail in this competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The essence of the struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all.
Among nations there is competition in developing resources, trades, skills, and a satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and prosper; the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is.
The author indicates in the passage that conflict______.

A:is an inevitable struggle resulting from competition B:reflects the struggle among social animals C:is an opposition among individual social entities D:can be avoided

? ?Food safety is an increasingly important public health issue. Governments all over the world are intensifying their efforts to improve food safety. These efforts are in response ?(51) ? an increasing number of food safety problems and ?(52) ? consumer concerns.
? ?Foodborne illnesses are ?(53) ? as diseases, usually either infectious or toxic in nature, caused by agents that enter the body through the ingestion of food. Every person is ?(54) ? risk of foodborne illness.
? ?Foodbome diseases are a widespread and growing public health problem, both in developed ?(55) ? developing countries. The global ?(56) ? of foodborne disease is difficult to estimate, but it has been reported that in 2005 ?(57) ? 8 million people died from diarrhoeal diseases. A great ?(58) ? of these cases can be attributed to contamination of food and drinking water. ?(59) ?, diarrhoeal is a major cause of malnutrition in infants and young children.
? ?In industrialized countries, the percentage of me population suffering from foodborne diseases each year has been reported to be 10 ?(60) ? 30%. In the United States of America (USA, for example, around 76 million cases of foodborne diseases, ?(61) ? 325,000 hospitalizations and 5,000 deaths, are estimated to occur each year.
? ?While less well documented, developing countries bear the brunt of the problem due to the presence of a wide ?(62) ? of foodborne diseases, including those caused by parasites. The high ?(63) ? of diarrhoeal diseases in many developing countries suggests major underlying food safety problems.
? ?In partnership ?(64) ? other stakeholders, WHO is developing policies that will further promote the safety of food. These policies cover the entire food chain from production to consumption and will ?(65) ? different types of expertise.

A:resulting from B:resulting in C:resulted from D:resulted in

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题。
{{B}}第一篇{{/B}}

The author indicates in the passage that conflict ______.

A:is an inevitable struggle resulting from competition B:reflects the struggle among social animals C:is an opposition among individual social entities D:can be avoided