移动通信专业技术综合练习
移动通信专业技术综合练习
Dangers Await Babies with Altitude
Women who live in the world’s highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies, a new study suggests. These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.1
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average. But it wasn’t clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitudes or because their mothers are under-nourished — many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.
To find out more, Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998. The babies were bom in both rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz. La Paz is the highest city in the world, at 3.65 kilometers above sea level, while Santa Cruz is much lower, at 0.44 kilometers.
Sure enough, Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. This was true in both high and low-income families. Even babies bom to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz. “We were very surprised by this result,” says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies bom at high altitudes are deprived of2 oxygen before birth. “This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child,3 ”says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies4. This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body.5
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood, for example. Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.
词汇：
altitude / ’æltɪtju:d /n．维度，（海拔）高度
stroke /strəʊk / n．中风
birthweight n．出生体重
coronary / ’kɒrənəri /adj．冠状的
under-nourished adj．营养不足的
underweight /’ʌndəweɪt / adj．重量不足的
hint / hɪnt / vt．暗示
hormone /’hɔ:məʊn / n．荷尔蒙
fetus / ’fi:təs / n．胚胎
注释：
1．... grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes：……长大成人后得心脏病和中风的风险很大
2．... are deprived of ...：被剥夺了……，缺乏……
3．This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child：这可能会触发调节未出生儿成长的荷尔蒙的释放或抑制。这里的release是名词。
4．relatively larger heads compared with their bodies：相对身体来说较大的头部
5．... a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body：……一个缺乏氧的胚胎会首先把充氧的血液输送到脑部，然后才送到身体的其他部位。starved of是分词短语，修饰fetus, in preference to表示的是第二位的选择，如：I chose to study English in preference to Russian in university.读大学时，我选了英语，而不是俄语。
Giussani did not expect to find that the weight of a baby had little to do with the financial conditions of the family he was bom into.
A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
What we take from and give to the sea
As long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it.
We take fishes from the ocean – millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. __1__. We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates. __2__. Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea1, too. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. __3__. Seaweed becomes food of many kinds – even candy, and ice cream – as well as medicine.
Believe it or not, fresh water is anther gift from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water. __4__. But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. In the future, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea.
The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea? Garbage. __5__. Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water we pour into it, Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life2. Yet as the world population grows, we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever.
We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas, we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late.
词汇：
fertilizer/ "fɜːtɪlaɪzə / n．化肥
sponge /spɔndʒ/ n．海绵
garbage / "gɑːbɪdʒ / n．垃圾
evaporate / ɪ"væpəreɪt / v．蒸发
seaweed /"si:wi:d/ n．海草
注释：
1.Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too.还有不少金和银的漂流物溶解在海水里。
2.Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life.把垃圾往大海里倾倒就是在把海洋生物杀绝灭尽。
练习:
A.Natural sponges become cleaning aids.
B.We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump.
C.The area of the sea is becoming smaller and smaller.
D.Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation.
E.We even use their bones for fertilizer.
F.Some of its contents may cause illness.
空1
A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F
The First Four Minutes
You may have noticed that the average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he has just met. ___2___ If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much.
When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident. In general, he says, “People like people who like themselves1. ”
On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves. It is important to appear interested and sympathetic，realizing that the other person has his own needs， fears, and hopes.
Hearing such advice, one might say, "But I"m not a friendly, self-confident person. That"s not my nature. It would be dishonest for me to act that way. ”
___3___We can become accustomed to any changes we choose to make in our personality. “It is like getting used to a new car. It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old one. ”
But isn"t it dishonest to give the appearance of friendly self-confidence when we don"t actually feel that way? Perhaps, but according to Dr. Zunin, "total honesty" is not always good for social relationships2 ’ especially during the first few minutes of contact. There is a time for everything, and a certain amount of play-acting may be best for the first few minutes of contact with a stranger3. That is not the time to complain about one"s health or to mention faults one finds in other people. It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one"s opinions and impressions.
___4___For a husband and wife or a parent and child, problems often arise during their first four minutes together after they have been apart. Dr. Zunin suggests that these first few minutes together be treated with care. If there are unpleasant matters to be discussed, they should be dealt with later.
The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course5 in everyschool, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. ___5___That is at least as important as how much we know.
Undivided/ ʌndɪ"vaɪdɪd / adj．不分散的，专一的
accustomed / ə"kʌstəmd / adj．惯常的
personality / pɜːsə"nælɪtɪ / n．个性，人格
1.People like people who like themselves.人们喜欢那些有自信心的人。这里的who like themselves不作“喜欢自己”解，根据上下文，可以解释为“有自信的人”。
A In reply, Dr. Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits.
B Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to4 relationships with family members and friends.
C In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.
D Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.
E He keeps looking over the other person"s shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.
F He is eager to make friends with everyone.
空2
A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F
Is There a Way to Keep the Britain"s Economy Growing
1.In today"s knowledge economy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germens export engineering techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.
2.Britainspecializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesn"t manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk, talk and more talk. The World Foundation think tank1 says theUK"s four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, they"re hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.
3.Although the country"s trade deficit was more than ￡60 billion in 2006, UK"s largest in the postwar period, officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact,Britaindoes have a world-class pharmaceutical industry, and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trades services — accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The government believesBritainis on the cutting edge2 of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rock “n” roll3 is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by their cutting-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.
4.However, creative industries account for only about 4 percent ofUK"s exports of goods and services. The industries are finding it hard to make a profit, according to a report of the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts4. The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in "innovation activities", 3 percentage points below the EU average and well belowGermany(61 percent) andSweden(47 percent).
5.In fact, it might be better to callBritaina "servant" economy — there are at least 4 million people "in service". The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook, clean, and take care of their children. Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been, and will continue to be, at the low-skill end of the service sector — in shops, bars, hotels, domestic service and in nursing and care homes.
词汇：
ionic /ai"kɔnik/ adj．偶像的
menial /"mi:niəl/ adj．仆人的
pharmaceutical /fa:mə"su:tikl/adj．制药的
注释：
1.think tank：思想库；智囊团
2.cutting edge：尖端的
3.rock" n" roll：摇滚乐
4.National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts：国家科学、技术和艺术捐赠委员会
A to find jobsB to do low-skill jobs
C to feed its people
D to handle disputes
E to make a profit
F to worry about the British economyThe creative industries find it difficult_________.
A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F
The First Four Minutes
You may have noticed that the average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he has just met. ___2___ If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much.
When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident. In general, he says, “People like people who like themselves1. ”
On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves. It is important to appear interested and sympathetic，realizing that the other person has his own needs， fears, and hopes.
Hearing such advice, one might say, "But I"m not a friendly, self-confident person. That"s not my nature. It would be dishonest for me to act that way. ”
___3___We can become accustomed to any changes we choose to make in our personality. “It is like getting used to a new car. It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old one. ”
But isn"t it dishonest to give the appearance of friendly self-confidence when we don"t actually feel that way? Perhaps, but according to Dr. Zunin, "total honesty" is not always good for social relationships2 ’ especially during the first few minutes of contact. There is a time for everything, and a certain amount of play-acting may be best for the first few minutes of contact with a stranger3. That is not the time to complain about one"s health or to mention faults one finds in other people. It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one"s opinions and impressions.
___4___For a husband and wife or a parent and child, problems often arise during their first four minutes together after they have been apart. Dr. Zunin suggests that these first few minutes together be treated with care. If there are unpleasant matters to be discussed, they should be dealt with later.
The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course5 in everyschool, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. ___5___That is at least as important as how much we know.
Undivided/ ʌndɪ"vaɪdɪd / adj．不分散的，专一的
accustomed / ə"kʌstəmd / adj．惯常的
personality / pɜːsə"nælɪtɪ / n．个性，人格
1.People like people who like themselves.人们喜欢那些有自信心的人。这里的who like themselves不作“喜欢自己”解，根据上下文，可以解释为“有自信的人”。
A In reply, Dr. Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits.
B Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to4 relationships with family members and friends.
C In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.
D Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.
E He keeps looking over the other person"s shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.
F He is eager to make friends with everyone.
空2
A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F
The First Four Minutes
You may have noticed that the average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he has just met. ___2___ If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much.
When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident. In general, he says, “People like people who like themselves1. ”
On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves. It is important to appear interested and sympathetic，realizing that the other person has his own needs， fears, and hopes.
Hearing such advice, one might say, "But I"m not a friendly, self-confident person. That"s not my nature. It would be dishonest for me to act that way. ”
___3___We can become accustomed to any changes we choose to make in our personality. “It is like getting used to a new car. It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old one. ”
But isn"t it dishonest to give the appearance of friendly self-confidence when we don"t actually feel that way? Perhaps, but according to Dr. Zunin, "total honesty" is not always good for social relationships2 ’ especially during the first few minutes of contact. There is a time for everything, and a certain amount of play-acting may be best for the first few minutes of contact with a stranger3. That is not the time to complain about one"s health or to mention faults one finds in other people. It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one"s opinions and impressions.
___4___For a husband and wife or a parent and child, problems often arise during their first four minutes together after they have been apart. Dr. Zunin suggests that these first few minutes together be treated with care. If there are unpleasant matters to be discussed, they should be dealt with later.
The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course5 in everyschool, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. ___5___That is at least as important as how much we know.
Undivided/ ʌndɪ"vaɪdɪd / adj．不分散的，专一的
accustomed / ə"kʌstəmd / adj．惯常的
personality / pɜːsə"nælɪtɪ / n．个性，人格
1.People like people who like themselves.人们喜欢那些有自信心的人。这里的who like themselves不作“喜欢自己”解，根据上下文，可以解释为“有自信的人”。
A In reply, Dr. Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits.
B Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to4 relationships with family members and friends.
C In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.
D Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.
E He keeps looking over the other person"s shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.
F He is eager to make friends with everyone.
空2
A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F
What we take from and give to the sea
As long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it.
We take fishes from the ocean – millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. __1__. We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates. __2__. Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea1, too. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. __3__. Seaweed becomes food of many kinds – even candy, and ice cream – as well as medicine.
Believe it or not, fresh water is anther gift from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water. __4__. But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. In the future, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea.
The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea? Garbage. __5__. Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water we pour into it, Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life2. Yet as the world population grows, we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever.
We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas, we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late.
词汇：
fertilizer/ "fɜːtɪlaɪzə / n．化肥
sponge /spɔndʒ/ n．海绵
garbage / "gɑːbɪdʒ / n．垃圾
evaporate / ɪ"væpəreɪt / v．蒸发
seaweed /"si:wi:d/ n．海草
注释：
1.Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too.还有不少金和银的漂流物溶解在海水里。
2.Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life.把垃圾往大海里倾倒就是在把海洋生物杀绝灭尽。
练习:
A.Natural sponges become cleaning aids.
B.We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump.
C.The area of the sea is becoming smaller and smaller.
D.Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation.
E.We even use their bones for fertilizer.
F.Some of its contents may cause illness.
空1
A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F
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