"Intelligence" at best is an assumptive construct--the meaning of the word has never been clear. It is generally agreed that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas (1) , make distinctions, reason logically, and (2) verbal and mathematical symbols in solving problems. An intelligence test is a rough measure of a child’s (3) for learning, particularly for learning the kinds of things required in school. It does not (4) character, social adjustment, physical endurance, manual skills, or artistic abilities. It is not (5) to--it was not designed for such (6) . To criticize it for such failure is roughly (7) criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity.
The other thing we have to notice is that the assessment of the intelligence of the (8) is essentially a comparative affair.
(9) the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the (10) with which we are comparing our subjects provides a "valid" and " (11) " comparison. It is here (12) some of the difficulties which interest us begin. Any test (13) involves at least three factors: the (14) to do one’s best, the knowledge required for understanding what you have to do, and the (15) ability to do it. In school populations in our culture these assumptions can be made fair and reasonable, and the value of intelligence testing has been (16) thoroughly. Its value (17) , of course, in its providing a satisfactory basis for prediction. No one is (18) interested in the marks a little child gets on his test; what we are interested in is whether we can (19) from his mark on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age in (20) which we think require "general intelligence".

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A] , [B] , [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET I.18（）

A:in the least B:at most C:at least D:more or less

The exact number of English words in not known. The large dictionaries have over half a million entries, but many of these are compound words (schoolroom, sugarbowl) or different derivatives of the same word, and a good many are obsolete words to help us read older literature. Dictionaries do not attempt to cover completely words that we can draw on; the informal vocabulary, especially slang, localism, the terms of various occupations and professions, words used only occasionally by scientists and specialists in many fields, foreign words borrowed for use in English, or many new words or new senses of words that come into use every year and that may or may not be used long enough to warrant being included. It would be conservative to say that there are over a millon English words that any of us might meet in our listening and reading and that we may draw on in our speaking and listening.
Professor Seashore concluded that first-graders enter school with at least 24 000 words and add 5 000 each year so that they leave high school with at least 80 000. These figures are for recognition vocabulary, the words we understand when we read or hear them. Our active vocabulary, the words we use in speaking and writing, is considerably smaller.
You cannot always produce a word exactly when you want it. But consciously using the word you recognize in reading will help get them into your active vocabulary. Occasionally in your reading pay particular attention to these words, especially when the subject is one that you might well write or talk about. Underline or make a list of words that you feel a need for and look up the less familiar ones in a dictionary. And then before very long find a way to use some of them. Once you know how they are pronounced and what they stand for, you can safely use them.

In the author's estimation, there are （） words in English.

A:more than half a million B:at least 24 000 C:at least 80 000 D:more than a million

The exact number of English words in not known. The large dictionaries have over half a million entries, but many of these are compound words (schoolroom, sugarbowl) or different derivatives of the same word, and a good many are obsolete words to help us read older literature. Dictionaries do not attempt to cover completely words that we can draw on; the informal vocabulary, especially slang, localism, the terms of various occupations and professions, words used only occasionally by scientists and specialists in many fields, foreign words borrowed for use in English, or many new words or new senses of words that come into use every year and that may or may not be used long enough to warrant being included. It would be conservative to say that there are over a millon English words that any of us might meet in our listening and reading and that we may draw on in our speaking and listening.
Professor Seashore concluded that first-graders enter school with at least 24 000 words and add 5 000 each year so that they leave high school with at least 80 000. These figures are for recognition vocabulary, the words we understand when we read or hear them. Our active vocabulary, the words we use in speaking and writing, is considerably smaller.
You cannot always produce a word exactly when you want it. But consciously using the word you recognize in reading will help get them into your active vocabulary. Occasionally in your reading pay particular attention to these words, especially when the subject is one that you might well write or talk about. Underline or make a list of words that you feel a need for and look up the less familiar ones in a dictionary. And then before very long find a way to use some of them. Once you know how they are pronounced and what they stand for, you can safely use them.

In the author's estimation, there are （　）words in English.

A:more than half a million B:at least 24 000 C:at least 80 000 D:more than a million

Exercise Lowers Employers’ Health Costs
Companies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit, researchers reported on Friday.
They said obese (肥胖的) employees had higher health-care costs, but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week — without even losing any weight.
Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors.
They estimated that getting the most sedentary (惯于久坐的) obese workers to exercise would have saved about $790,000 a year, or about 1.5I percent of health-care costs for the whole group.
Company-wide, the potential savings could reach $7.1 million per year, they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
Of the whole group of workers, about 30 percent were of normal weight, 45 percent were overweight (超重的), and 25 percent were obese. Annual health-care costs averaged $2,200 for normal weight, $2,400 for the overweight, and $2,700 for obese employees.
But among workers who did no exercise, health-care costs went up by at least $100 a year, and were $3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary.
But adding two or more days of light exercise — at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to increase heart rate and breathing — lowered costs by on average $500 per employee a year, the researchers found.
"This indicates that physical activity behavior could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat, and in consequence, help lower the health-care costs," Wang and colleagues wrote.
How often should the employees exercise to help lower the health-care costs

A:At least seven days a week. B:At least twenty minutes a week. C:At least twice a week. D:At least once a week.

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文的内容为每处空白处确定一个最佳选项。

A:scarce B:less C:little D:least

? ?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。
{{B}}第一篇{{/B}}

How often should the employees exercise to help lower the health-care costs?

A:At least seven days a week. B:At least twenty minutes a week. C:At least twice a week. D:At least once a week.

{{B}}第三篇{{/B}}

How often should the employees exercise to help lower the health-care costs?

A:At least seven days a week. B:At least twenty minutes a week. C:At least twice a week. D:At least once a week.

　第一篇 Exercise Lowers Employers’Health Costs 　　Companies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit，researchers reported on Friday． 　　They said obese(肥胖的)employees had higher health-care costs，but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week-without even losing any weight． 　　Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23，500 workers at General Motors． 　　They estimated that getting the most sedentary(惯于久坐的)obese workers to exercise would have saved about$790，000 a year，or about 1．5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group. 　　Company-wide．the potential savings could reach$7 1 million per year，they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 　　Of the whole group of workers．about 30 percent were of normal weight，45 percent were overweight(超重的)，and 25 percent were obese．Annual health-care costs averaged$2，200 for normal weight，$2，400 for the overweight，and$2，700 for obese employees． 　　But among workers who did no exercise，health-care costs went up by at least$100 a year，and were$3．000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary 　　But adding two or more days of light exercise——at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to increase heart rate and breathing——lowered costs by on average$500 per employee a year，the researchers found. 　　"This indicates that physical activity behavior could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat，and in consequence，help lower the health-care costs，"Wang and colleagues wrote． How often should the employees exercise to help lower the health-care costs? 　

A:At least seven days a week． B:At least twenty minutes a week． C:At least twice a week D:At least once a week

　第三篇 　Exercise Lowers Employers‘Health Costs 　　Companies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit，researchers reported on Friday 　　They said obese(肥胖的)employees had higher health。care costs，but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week——without even losing any weight. 　　Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23，500 workers at General Motors． 　　They estimated that getting the most sedentary(惯于久坐的)obese workers to exercise would have saved about$790,000 a year．or about 15 percent of health—care costs for the whole group Company—wide，the potential savings could reach$7.1 million per year，they reposed in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine． 　　Of the whole group of workers，about 30 percent were of normal weight，45 percent were overweight(超重的)，and 25 percent were obese．Annual health—care costs averaged$2，200 for normal weight，$2,400 for the overweight，and$2,700 for obese employees． 　　But among workers who did no exercise，healthcare costs went up by at least $100 a year，and were$3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary． 　　But adding two or more days of light exercise——at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to increase heart rate and breathing——lowered costs by on average$500 per employee a year，the researchers found． How often should the employees exercise to help lower the health-care costs?

A:At least seven days a week B:At least twenty minutes a week C:At least twice a week D:At least once a week

? ?下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

A:scarce B:less C:little D:least