单选题
单选题
Text 2
The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management, the more they seem to want to talk a bout things formerly judged to be best left unsaid. The newcomers also tend to see office matters with a fresh eye, in the process sometimes coming up with critical analyses of the forces that shape everyone’ s experience in the organization.
Consider the novel views of Harvey Coleman of Atlanta on the subject of getting ahead.
Coleman is black. He spent 11 years with IBM, half of them working in management department, and now serves as a consultant to the likes of AT & T, Coca Cola, Prudential, and Merch. Coleman says that based on what he’s seen at big companies, he weighs the different elements that make for long term career success as follows: performance counts a mere 10%; image 30%; and exposure, a full 60%.
Coleman concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may win you pay increases, it won’t secure you the big promotion.
He finds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work, and how high up they are. Ridiculous beliefs Not too many people, especially many women and members of minority races who, like Coleman, feel that the scales have dropped from their eyes.
"Women and blacks in organizations work under false beliefs, "says Kaleel Jamison, a New York based management consultant who helps corporations deal with these issues. "They think that if you work hard, you’ 11 get ahead that someone in authority will reach down and give you a promotion." She added, "Most women and blacks are so frightened that people will think they’ve gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down their visibility." Her advice to those folks: learn the ways that white males have traditionally used to find their way into the spotlight.
A:The Importance of Being Visible B:Role of Women and Minorities in Management C:Job Performance and Advancement D:Sex and Career Success
Low levels of literacy and numeracy have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adults, according to a survey published yesterday, which offers (1) of a developing underclass. Tests and (2) with hundreds of people born in a week in 1958 graphically illustrated file (3) of educational underachievement. The effects can be seen in unemployment, family (4) , low incomes, depression and social inactivity.
Those who left school at 16 with poor basic skills had been employed for UP to four years less than good readers (5) they reached 37. Professor John Bynner, of City University, who carried the research, said that today’s (6) teenagers would even encounter greater problems because the supply of (7) jobs had shrunk.
Almost one fifth of the 1,700 people interviewed for yesterday’s report had poor literacy and almost half (8) with innumeracy, a proportion (9) other surveys for the Basic Skills Agency. Some could not read a child’s book, and most found difficult (10) written instruction.
Poor readers were twice as likely to be a low wage and four times likely to live in a household where partners worked. Women in this (11) were five times as likely to be (12) depressed, (13) both tended to feel they had no control over their lives, and to trust others (14) .
Those who had low literacy and numeracy were seldom (15) in any community organization and less likely than others to (16) in a general election. There had been no (17) in the literary level of (18) .
Alan Wells, the agency’s director, said: "The results emphasize the dangers of developing an underclass people, who were out of work, (19) depressed and often labeled themselves as (20) . There is a circle of marginalization, with the dice against these people and their families./
A:improvement B:advancement C:development D:increase
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1 Globalization, a process whereby owners of capital are enabled to move their capital around the globe more quickly and easily, has resulted in the removal of state controls on trade and investment, the disappearance of tariff barriers and the spread of new information and communications technologies. In societies around the world, the effects of globalization have influenced social development. Not only are the influences of globalization apparent in markets, their forces are felt in the processes or working towards equality between men and women. Reda Bebars of Egypt, stressing that the advancement of women would not be achieved by passing legislation, said that social development on the national scale must be strengthened and a climate conducive to development must be created if the goals set in Beijing (at the 1995 Fourth World Conference on Women) are to be realized. The problems stem from the fact that women are very differently positioned in relation to the markets in different parts of the world. In certain places, where women are socially excluded from leaving their homes, the challenge is to find ways for women to participate. In other places, the challenge is to create markets which are more friendly to women’s participation. Ilham Ibrahim Mohamed Ahmed of Sudan condemned the debt burden carried by developing countries, economic sanctions, arbitrary measures and denial of access to new technological developments as obstacles to the growth of women’s rights. Women remain very much in the minority among Internet users and still face huge imbalances in the ownership, control and regulation of new information technologies. "The gains of globalization have not been equitably distributed and the gap between rich and poor countries is widening, "said Zhang Lei of the People’s Republic of China. The gains of globalization thus far have for the most part been concentrated in the hands of better-off women with higher levels of education and with greater ownership of resources and access to capital. "Work in China and Vietnam shows that globalization has brought new opportunities to young women with familiarity with English in new service sector jobs, but has made a vast number of over-35-year-olds redundant, because they are either in declining industries or have outdated skills," Swasti Mitter of the UN’s Women Watch Online Working Group on Women’s Economic Inequality said.
What needs to occur in order for the goals of the fourth women's conference to be realized（）A:Legislations calling for the advancement of women should be enforced. B:Need to create a climate that allows and encourages social development on a national scale. C:Create new technological opportunities for women in China. D:Abolish economic barriers between China and the West.
Low levels of literacy and numeracy have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adults, according to a survey published yesterday, which offers (1) of a developing underclass. Tests and (2) with hundreds of people born in a week in 1958 graphically illustrated file (3) of educational underachievement. The effects can be seen in unemployment, family (4) , low incomes, depression and social inactivity.
Those who left school at 16 with poor basic skills had been employed for UP to four years less than good readers (5) they reached 37. Professor John Bynner, of City University, who carried the research, said that today’s (6) teenagers would even encounter greater problems because the supply of (7) jobs had shrunk.
Almost one fifth of the 1,700 people interviewed for yesterday’s report had poor literacy and almost half (8) with innumeracy, a proportion (9) other surveys for the Basic Skills Agency. Some could not read a child’s book, and most found difficult (10) written instruction.
Poor readers were twice as likely to be a low wage and four times likely to live in a household where partners worked. Women in this (11) were five times as likely to be (12) depressed, (13) both tended to feel they had no control over their lives, and to trust others (14) .
Those who had low literacy and numeracy were seldom (15) in any community organization and less likely than others to (16) in a general election. There had been no (17) in the literary level of (18) .
Alan Wells, the agency’s director, said: "The results emphasize the dangers of developing an underclass people, who were out of work, (19) depressed and often labeled themselves as (20) . There is a circle of marginalization, with the dice against these people and their families."
A:improvement B:advancement C:development D:increase
We have recently heard a great deal about the bad effects of computers on our social and economic institutions. In industry, computers mean automation, and automation means unemployment. The United States, with its extravagant investment in computers, is plagued (使得灾祸，烦恼) by unemployment for unskilled workers. Already computers have begun to displace workers whose tasks are simple. The variety of jobs, formerly done only by humans, that the machine can perform more rapidly, accurately, and economically, increases with each new generation of computers, if we follow this trend, say the pessimists (悲观主义者), we are faced with the prospect of mass unemployment for all but a handful of highly trained, highly intelligent professionals, who will then be more influential and overworked than they are now. Only recently a distinguished English physicist predicted that within twenty years electronic engineers might have to become conscientious objectors in order to prevent these machines from wrecking out (使遭难，破坏) social and economic institutions.
What can we do about it It is foolish to dream of reversing history. We cannot pass laws forbidding the advancement of science and technology. The computing machines are here, and they will grow because engineers want to build them, soldiers want to enlist them in new weapon systems and politicians want their help in the process of government. In short, they will flourish because they enable us to accomplish tasks that could never before have been undertaken, no matter how many unskilled laborers we might have set to work. Computers will continue to amplify our intelligence for just the same reason that engines continue to amplify our muscles. The question we must ask is not whether we shall have computers or not have computers, but rather, since we are going to have them, how we can make the most humane and intelligent use of them.
A:it is foolish and impossible to reverse history B:no laws can forbid the advancement of science and technology C:engines amplify our muscles D:they can be and have been put to good use
What are my chances of {{U}}promotion{{/U}} if I stay here?
A:retirement B:advertisement C:advancement D:replacement
What are my chances of promotion if I stay here（ ）
A:retirement B:advertisement C:advancement D:replacement
What are my chances of {{U}}promotion{{/U}} if I stay here?
A:retirement B:advertisement C:advancement D:replacement
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