Powering a City? It"s a Breeze1

  The graceful wooden windmills that have broken up the flat Dutch landscape for centuries—a national symbol like wooden shoes and tulips—yielded long ago to ungainly metal-pole turbines.2
  Now, windmills are breaking into a new frontier. Though still in its teething stages, the “urban turbine” is a high-tech windmill designed to generate energy from the rooftops of busy cities. Lighter, quieter, and often more efficient than rural counterparts3, they take advantage of the extreme turbulence4 and rapid shifts in direction that characterize urban wind patterns.
  Prototypes have been successfully tested in several Dutch cities, and the city government in the Hague5 has recently agreed to begin a large-scale deployment in 2003. Current models cost US$8,000 to US$12,000 and can generate between 3,000 and 7,000 kilowatt hours of electricity per year. a typical Dutch household uses 3,500 kilowatt hours per year, while in the United States, this figure jumps to around 10,000 kilowatt hours.
  But so far, they are being designed more for public or commercial buildings than for private homes. The smallest of the current models weigh roughly 200 kilograms and can be installed on a roof in a few hours without using a crane.
  Germany, Finland and Denmark have also been experimenting with the technology, but the ever-practical Dutch are natural pioneers in urban wind power mainly because of the lack of space. The Netherlands, with 16 million people crowded into a country twice the size of Slovenia6, is the most densely populated in Europe.
  Problems remain, however, for example, public safety concerns7, and so strict standards should be applied to any potential manufacturers. Vibrations are the main problem in skyscraper-high turbine. People don"t know what it would be like to work there, in an office next to one of the big turbines. It might be too hectic.

  Meanwhile, projects are under way8 to use minimills9 to generate power for lifeboats, streetlights, and portable generators. “I think the thing about wind power is that you can use it in a whole range of situations,” said Corin Millais, of the European Wind Energy Association. “It"s a very local technology, and you can use it right in you backyard. I don"t think anybody wants a nuclear power plant in their backyard.”

 

词汇:

windmill / "wɪndmɪl / n. 风车

backyard / ˌbæk"jɑ:d / n. 后院

tulip / "tju:lɪp / n. 郁金香

prototype / "prəʊtətaɪp / n. 原型;样品;典型
ungainly / ʌn"ɡeɪnlɪ / adj. 笨拙的,难看的 

kilowatt / ˈkɪləwɒt / n. 千瓦
hectic / ˈhektɪk / adj. 忙碌不停的;忙乱的 

turbine / ˈtɜ:baɪn / n. 透平,涡轮
vibration / "snəʊfleɪk /  振动

lifeboat / "laɪfbəʊt / n. 救生艇
teethe / "snəʊfleɪk / v. 出乳牙;生牙

minimill / ˈmɪni: mil / n. 微型风车
turbulence / "tɜ:bjələns / n. 紊流;湍流 

rooftop / ˈru:ftɒp / n. 平顶房的屋顶
characterize / "kærəktəraɪz / v. 表示……的特征

 

注释:

1.It"s a breezebreeze既可作微风解,也有容易做的事情的意思。本文主题与风力有关,作者的隐含意义是:风力发电不是件难事。
2.The graceful wooden windmills…yielded long ago to ungainly metal-pole turgines:优雅的木制风车早已为笨拙的金属涡轮所代替。yielded to:意为“to give placeas to one that is superior”(让位于)。ungainly:笨拙的,与前面的graceful形成对照。turbines:将流动的液体的动能转化为机械能的装置。
3.rural counterparts:这里指乡村中传统的“wooden windmills”counterpart:相对物。
4.turbulence:紊流,即指不规则的大气运动
5.Hague:海牙,荷兰实际上的首都,是政府所在地,而Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹)是__规定的首都。
6.Slovenia:斯洛文尼亚,原为南斯拉夫联邦的一部分,1991625日脱离南斯拉夫成为独立主权国家,及斯洛文尼亚共和国(Republic of Slovenia),首都为卢布尔雅那(Ljubljane)。

7.public safety concerns:公共安全问题
8.under way:已经开始或启动的;在进行中的
9.minimills:由前缀mini-(小的)和mills构成。

According to the last paragraph, what are the advantages of wind power technology?

A:It can be used for different purposes. B:It can replace nuclear power plant. C:It can be in stalled in one"s backyard. D:It can be installed in one"s backyard.

A/T的Power和Normal键功能是()。

A:Power指增加发动机动力 B:Normar指增加发动机动力 C:Power更省油 D:Normal更省油

Text 1
My objective is to analyse certain forms of knowledge, not in terms of repression or law, but in terms of power. But the word power is apt to lead to misunderstandings about the nature, form, and unity of power. By power, i do not mean a group of institutions and mechanisms that ensure the subservience of the citizenry. I do not mean, either, a mode of subjugation that, in contrast to violence, has the form of the rule. Finally, I do not have in mind a general system of domination exerted by one group over another, a system whose effects, through successive derivations, pervade the entire social body. The sovereignty of the state, the form of law or the overall unity of a domination are only the terminal forms power takes.
It seems to me that power must be understood as the multiplicity of force relations that are immanent in the social sphere; as the process that, through ceaseless struggle and confrontation, transforms, strenghtens, or reverses them; as the support that these force relations find in one another, or on the contrary, the disjunction and contradictions that isolate them from one another; and lastly, as the strategies in which they take effect, whose general design or institutional crystallization is embodied in the state apparatus, in the formulation of the law, in the various social hegemonies.
Thus, the viewpoint that permits one to understand the exercise of power, even in its more "peripheral" effects, and that also makes it possible to use its mechanisms as a structural framework for analysing the social order, must not b4 sought in a unique source of sovereignty from which secondary and descendent for/ns of power emanate but in the moving substrate of force relations that, by virtue of their inequality, constantly engender local and unstable states of power. If power seems omnipresent, it is not because it has the privilege of consolidating everything under its invincible unity, but because it is produced from one moment to the next, .at every point, or rather in every relation from one point to another. Power is everywhere, not because it embraces everything, but because it comes from everywhere. And if power at times seems to be permanent, repetitious, invert, and self-reproducing, it is simply because the overall effect that emerges from all these mobilities is a concatenation that rests on each of them and seeks in torn to arrest their movement. One needs to be nominalistic, no doubt: power is not an institution, and not a structure; neither is it a certain strength we are endowed with; it is the name that one attributes to a complex strategic situation in a particular society.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between law and power()

A:Law is the protector of power. B:Law is the source of power. C:Law sets buns to power. D:Law is a product of power.

Text 1
My objective is to analyse certain forms of knowledge, not in terms of repression or law, but in terms of power. But the word power is apt to lead to misunderstandings about the nature, form, and unity of power. By power, i do not mean a group of institutions and mechanisms that ensure the subservience of the citizenry. I do not mean, either, a mode of subjugation that, in contrast to violence, has the form of the rule. Finally, I do not have in mind a general system of domination exerted by one group over another, a system whose effects, through successive derivations, pervade the entire social body. The sovereignty of the state, the form of law or the overall unity of a domination are only the terminal forms power takes.
It seems to me that power must be understood as the multiplicity of force relations that are immanent in the social sphere; as the process that, through ceaseless struggle and confrontation, transforms, strenghtens, or reverses them; as the support that these force relations find in one another, or on the contrary, the disjunction and contradictions that isolate them from one another; and lastly, as the strategies in which they take effect, whose general design or institutional crystallization is embodied in the state apparatus, in the formulation of the law, in the various social hegemonies.
Thus, the viewpoint that permits one to understand the exercise of power, even in its more "peripheral" effects, and that also makes it possible to use its mechanisms as a structural framework for analysing the social order, must not b4 sought in a unique source of sovereignty from which secondary and descendent for/ns of power emanate but in the moving substrate of force relations that, by virtue of their inequality, constantly engender local and unstable states of power. If power seems omnipresent, it is not because it has the privilege of consolidating everything under its invincible unity, but because it is produced from one moment to the next, .at every point, or rather in every relation from one point to another. Power is everywhere, not because it embraces everything, but because it comes from everywhere. And if power at times seems to be permanent, repetitious, invert, and self-reproducing, it is simply because the overall effect that emerges from all these mobilities is a concatenation that rests on each of them and seeks in torn to arrest their movement. One needs to be nominalistic, no doubt: power is not an institution, and not a structure; neither is it a certain strength we are endowed with; it is the name that one attributes to a complex strategic situation in a particular society.

The author would be most likely to agree with statements that()

A:power tends to corrupt; absolute power corrupts absolutely B:it is from the people and their deeds that power springs C:the highest proof of virtue is to possess boundless power without abusing it D:to love knowledge is to love power

Which of the following best describes the relationship between law and power

A:Law is the protector of power. B:Law is the source of power. C:Law sets buns to power. D:Law is a product of power.

Passage Three
The state of California had to turn off the electricity to almost two million homes and businesses. The state ran out of power.
No one knew when the power would be turned off. People got trapped between floors in an elevator. Firefighters had to save them. These blackouts moved around the San Francisco area. Turning off traffic lights could cause accidents.
Rolling power outages shut down sections of communities across much of northern California, an hour and a half at a time.
People found out it is hard to work without power. Computers don’t work. Locked doors don’t open from a distance.
There has been a power crisis for the past two months. The amount of power isn’t enough to keep up with demand. Debt-ridden utilities couldn’t get suppliers to sell them electricity on credit.
Thursday’s crisis was blamed, in part, on a lack of water for hydropower in the Pacific Northwest.
Now California is trying to legislate a solution with a dozen emergency bills making their way through the state legislature. The state would buy power at long term low rates, and sell it at cost to utilities.
Not all Californians are sure that the power crisis is real. They think that power companies want to get more money.
Political leaders are sure they’ll have a legislative fix by February. Still the crisis won’t really be over until new power plants are working.

The state is trying to solve the problem by()

A:telling people to stop using power B:loaning the utilities money to buy power C:buying power and reselling it at low prices to the utilities D:buying the utilities

California utilities couldn't get suppliers to sell them power because ______.

A:the suppliers have no power to sell B:California don't really need the power C:the governor needs to approve the sale D:the utilities have no credit

Today almost 70% of the electrical power we use comes from power plants that use fossil fuels (矿物燃料) to make electricity. Fossil fuels, such as oil, coal, and natural gas, are burned to make electricity. Burning fossil fuels releases pollution and carbon dioxide gas (CO2) into the air. The more fossil fuels we burn, the warmer the air around Earth gets. So building fossil fuel plans is not always the best answer.
Actually, there are other ways to make electricity without burning fossil fuels. People have been using the power of wind for centuries. Wind power won’t solve all our energy problems, but it can help meet some of the demands in certain places. Since the late 1800s, scientists have been working to turn the sun’s energy into electricity by using solar cells (太阳能电池). The problem is, solar cells are very expensive. Another way to make electricity is to use nuclear energy. It has been used for more than 50 years. Today about 10 percent of all the electricity used in the U.S.A. comes from this source.
Although nuclear power doesn’t pollute the air as the burning of fossil fuels does, there is a major drawback . The waste products from nuclear power plants are dangerous and must be stored in safe places. Many people are concerned about the safety of nuclear power.
Which energy has damage to us according to the passage

A:Wind power B:Fossil fuels C:Solar power D:Water power

Power Designer所包含的模块中,用于数据库设计和构造的模块是( )。

A:Power Designer AppModeler B:Powet Designer DataArchitecr C:Power Designer MetaWorks D:Power Designer WarehouseArchitect

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