The Paper Chase

    1. “Running a house¹ is a lot like running a business,” says Stephanie Denton, a professional organizer based in² Cincinnati,Ohio, who specializes in both residential and commercial paperwork and record keeping. To get a successful grip on³ organizing documents, bills, and other materials, Denton suggests the following tips：

    2. Create a space in which you can always do your paperwork. This is perhaps the most important element of a successful system. If you can’t devote an entire desk to the task, at least invest in a rolling file cart to store active paperwork and a two-drawer file cabinet for family records. Store the rolling file cart wherever it is most convenient and comfortable to do your work, whether that is the kitchen, office, or family room⁴.

    3. When in doubt, throw it out. The first step for implementing a workable filing system is to eliminate paper you don’t use, don’t need, or that you could easily access again elsewhere. Throw out duplicate statements, old catalogs, and all of the coupons, mailings, or offerings you’ll never have an opportunity to use or even read.

    4. Set aside two days a month to pay bills. If a monthly due date doesn’t fit into your cycle, call up the creditor and suggest a more convenient date. Keep two manila folders⁵ at the front of your system for current bills — one to correspond with each bill-paying day — and file all incoming bills. Keep a list in the front of each folder of what needs to be paid in case⁶ the invoice never arrives or gets misplaced.

    5. Think of your filing system not as a rigid tool, but as a living, breathing system that can accommodate your changing needs. A good filing system is both mentally and physically flexible. Everyone’s needs are different, says Denton, but when devising a filing system, ask yourself：“Where would I look for this?” Create main headings for your filing system, such as Investments, Taxes, Children, and so forth, and file individual folders under the main headings. Never overstuff your files.

词汇：

paperwork /"peɪpəwɜːk/ n.文书工作

overstuff /,əʊvə"stʌf/ vt.把……塞得过满

statement /"steɪtm(ə)nt/ n.账目

duplicate /"djuːplɪkət/ adj.复制的

correspond /kɒrɪ"spɒnd/ vt.与……一致、和谐或相配

mailing /"meɪlɪŋ/ n.邮件

incoming /"ɪnkʌmɪŋ/ adj.将要或正要进来的

creditor /"kredɪtə/ n.债权人

misplace /mɪs"pleɪs/ vt.把……放错地方

invoice /"ɪnvɒɪs/ n.发票

heading /"hedɪŋ/ n.标题

rigid /"rɪdʒɪd/ adj.呆板的,僵硬的

注释：

1. running a house:打理一所房子。“run”在这里是“管理”的意思。又如:He’s been running a restaurant since he left school.

2. base... in...:在……为……设立基础、提供基础。又如:They based the new company in Portland.

3. get a grip on:抓住,控制,掌握。又如:getting a grip on the new technique.

4. family room:家庭游艺室,指用于家庭成员娱乐的房间

5. manila folders:马尼拉折叠夹

B  Implementing a Workable Filing System

C  What Is a Good Filing System

D  How to Invest in a Rolling File Cart

E  Get Rid of Unimportant Things

Paragraph 5 __________

A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F

设有两个事务T1、T2有如下调度，产生的不一致性是（）
步骤             T1                T2
1              读A=100
2                                  读A=100
3.            A=A+10写回
4.                                 A=A-10

A:丢失修改  B:不可重复读  C:读脏数据  D:幻影读

Observe that for the programmer，as for chef， the urgency of the patron（顾客）may govern the scheduled completion of the task，but it cannot govern the actual completion.An omelette（煎鸡蛋），promised in two minutes，may appear to be progressing nicely.But when it has not set in two minutes，the customer has two choices-waits or eats it raw.Software customers have had （） choices. 
  Now I do not think software （） have less inherent courage and firmness than chefs，nor than other engineering managers.But false （） to match the patron’s desired date is much more common in our discipline than elsewhere in engineering.It is very （） 
to make a vigorous，plausible，and job risking defense of an estimate that is derived by no quantitative method，supported by little data，and certified chiefly by the hunches of the managers. 
  Clearly two solutions are needed.We need to develop and publicize productivity figures，bug-incidence figures，estimating rules，and so on.The whole profession can only profit from （） such data.Until estimating is on a sounder basis，individual managers will need to stiffen their backbones and defend their estimates with the assurance that their poor hunches are better than wish derived estimates.

Observe that for the programmer，as for chef， the urgency of the patron（顾客）may govern the scheduled completion of the task，but it cannot govern the actual completion.An omelette（煎鸡蛋），promised in two minutes，may appear to be progressing nicely.But when it has not set in two minutes，the customer has two choices-waits or eats it raw.Software customers have had （？） choices. 
  Now I do not think software （） have less inherent courage and firmness than chefs，nor than other engineering managers.But false （） to match the patron’s desired date is much more common in our discipline than elsewhere in engineering.It is very （） 
to make a vigorous，plausible，and job risking defense of an estimate that is derived by no quantitative method，supported by little data，and certified chiefly by the hunches of the managers. 
  Clearly two solutions are needed.We need to develop and publicize productivity figures，bug-incidence figures，estimating rules，and so on.The whole profession can only profit from （） such data.Until estimating is on a sounder basis，individual managers will need to stiffen their backbones and defend their estimates with the assurance that their poor hunches are better than wish derived estimates.

A:no  B:the same  C:other  D:lots of

从所给的四个选项中，选择最合适的一个填入问号处，使之呈现一定规律性：             A                     B                    C                  D                                                          

A:A  B:B  C:C  D:D

从所给的四个选项中，选择最合适的一个填入问号处，使之呈现一定规律性：                                           A                     B                    C                      D

A:A  B:B  C:C  D:D

以下四个图形与其它图有区别的是?                 A                                            B                                             C                                     D

A:如上图所示  B:如上图所示  C:如上图所示  D:如上图所示

把下面的六个图形分为两类，使每一类图形都有各自的共同特征或规律，分类正确的一项是         ①                  ②                  ③                 ④                  ⑤                 ⑥

A:①②⑤，③④⑥  B:①③④，②⑤⑥  C:①③⑤，②④⑥  D:①④⑥，②③⑤

把下面的6个图形分为两类，使每一类图形都有各自的共同特征或规律，分类正确的一项是         ①                 ②                  ③                   ④                 ⑤                ⑥

A:①③⑥，②④⑤  B:①③④，②⑤⑥  C:①③⑤，②④⑥  D:①④⑥，②③⑤