某女性患者，26岁，因外伤冠折，要求修复，查见残根，断面在牙槽嵴以上，已行根管治疗术，无松动，无叩痛，余留牙正常

该患者牙折伴轻度牙周膜振荡，桩冠修复的时机应该在完善的根管治疗术后多长时间

A:立刻可以做 B:3d C:1周 D:2周 E:1个月

某女性患者，46岁，因左侧面颊部皮肤及左侧舌部黏膜发红、起疱3天，伴剧痛来诊。查体：体温38.5℃，左侧面部皮肤及左侧舌背、颊黏膜可见粟粒大小的密集成片的透明水疱，周围皮肤黏膜可见充血性红斑。化验：红细胞7.8×10/1，中性62%，淋巴34%。拟诊断为带状疱疹。

患者曾在外院肌内注射青霉素3天，局部病损激光照射及口服多种维生素等措施，症状有所改善，但未完全消失，尤其是疼痛症状仍明显。疗效不佳原因是

A:未给予支持治疗 B:未注射聚肌胞或转移因子 C:诊断不正确 D:局部未用消炎含漱液 E:未给予卡马西平或肌注维生素B+维生素B

某男性患者，62岁，有癫痫病史。MRI表现如图所示。

最可能的诊断为

A:少枝胶质细胞瘤 B:星形细胞瘤 C:结节性硬化 D:结节型灰质异位 E:颅面血管瘤病(Sturge-Weber)综合征

某男性患者，62岁，有癫痫病史。MRI表现如图所示。

关于该病的描述，不正确的是

A:神经元由室管膜周围生发层至皮质移行中受阻或中断 B:均为先天性 C:MRI薄层高分辨T1WI显示敏感 D:可分为结节状或带状的灰质异位 E:皮层下区病变可与皮质或脑室壁相连

某女性患者，42岁，头痛半年，加重10d。头部MRI显示如下图。

关于该病的MRI描述正确的是

A:右侧小脑半球圆形长T2信号影，病变周边可见环形低信号 B:病变周边环形低信号对病变的诊断价值不大 C:病变邻近右侧小脑半球可见一条形高信号，其对病变的诊断价值不大 D:病变邻近右侧小脑半球可见一条形高信号，其对病变的诊断价值较大 E:第四脑室受压变窄对于病变的诊断价值较大 F:病变的内部信号不均匀对病变的诊断价值较大

某女性患者，42岁，头痛半年，加重10d。头部MRI显示如下图。

根据该病的影像学表现，该病可能的诊断是

A:海绵状血管瘤 B:发育性静脉畸形 C:AVM D:毛细血管扩张症 E:动脉瘤 F:硬脑膜动静脉瘘

某女性患者，42岁，头痛半年，加重10d。头部MRI显示如下图。

为进一步确定诊断，下一步的影像学检查是

A:MRI增强 B:FLAIR C:DWI D:MRA E:MRV F:DSA

某女性患者，42岁，头痛半年，加重10d。头部MRI显示如下图。

可能的诊断是 ( 提示 MR增强检查如下图。)

A:海绵状血管瘤 B:发育性静脉畸形 C:AVM D:毛细血管扩张症 E:动脉瘤 F:硬脑膜动静脉瘘 G:海绵状血管瘤伴发育性静脉畸形

某女性患者，42岁，头痛半年，加重10d。头部MRI显示如下图。

关于发育性静脉畸形的描述正确的是

A:MR增强检查显示“海蛇头”样表现 B:常发生于侧脑室额角白质或Ⅳ脑室周围白质 C:扩张的髓静脉呈伞样汇集，经粗大的静脉引流入静脉窦或深部室管膜静脉 D:病变较小，T1WI可正常，T2WI可见血管流空 E:影像学首选MRT1C+MRV F:T2*WI可显示出血及伴有其他血管畸形 G:15%～20%伴有海绵状血管瘤

How We Form First Impression

1　We all have first impression of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her — aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits.

2　The answer is related to how your brain, allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in how a person’s eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different¹. In fact, your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information — the sights and sounds of your world. These incoming “signals” are compared against² a host of “memories” stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new signals “mean.”

3　If you see someone you know and like at school³, your brain says “familiar and safe. ‘‘If you see someone new, it says, “new — potentially threatening.” Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other “known” memories；The height, weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures, and tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics, the more your brain may say, “This is new. I don’t like this person.” Or else, “I’m intrigued. “Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures — like your other friends；so your brain says: “I like this person.” But these preliminary “impressions” can be dead wrong⁴.

4　When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking（not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child）that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than leam about the depth and breadth of people — their history, interest, values, strengths, and true character — we categorize them as jocks, geeks, or freaks.

5　However, if we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of the person’s character, we use a different, more mature style of thinking — and the most complex areas of our cortex, which allow us to be humane.

词汇： 

trait / treɪ, treɪt/ n．特点，特征，特性

host / həʊst/ n．一大群，许多

simplistic / sɪm’plɪstɪk / adj．过分单纯化的

categorical / ,kætɪ’gɒrɪkl/ adj．绝对的

jock /dʒɒk / n．骗子

geek / gi:k / n．反常的人

stereotype / ’sterɪətaɪp/ v．对……产生成见

humane / hju:’meɪn, hjʊ- / adj．有人情味的，人文的

sensory / ’sensərɪ / adj．感官的，感觉的

cortex / ’kɔ:teks /n．脑皮层

ethnicity n．种族特点

intrigue / ɪn’tri:g / v．激起兴趣

freak / fri:k / n．怪人

注释：

1．Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in how a person’s eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different：从even开始到as different是个结果状语从句，相当于that even very minor ... .，而that是与主句中的so呼应的。

2．against：和……对比

3．If you see someone you know and like at school ...：如果你在学校里看见某个你认识而且喜欢的人…… like在这里是动词。

4．dead wrong：相当于completely wrong。dead wrong是口语表达用语。

B　the most complex areas of our cortex

C　the immature form of thinking of a very young child

D　the meaning of incoming sensory information

E　the sights and sounds of the world

F　an opportunity to analyze different forms of thinking

You interpret by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain ________.

A:a stranger's less mature type of thinking B:the most complex areas of our cortex C:the immature form of thinking of a very young child D:the meaning of incoming sensory information E:the sights and sounds of the world F:an opportunity to analyze different forms of thinking