Dangers Await Babies with Altitude
Women who live in the world’s highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies, a new study suggests. These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.1
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average. But it wasn’t clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitudes or because their mothers are under-nourished — many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.
To find out more, Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998. The babies were bom in both rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz. La Paz is the highest city in the world, at 3.65 kilometers above sea level, while Santa Cruz is much lower, at 0.44 kilometers.
Sure enough, Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. This was true in both high and low-income families. Even babies bom to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz. “We were very surprised by this result,” says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies bom at high altitudes are deprived of2 oxygen before birth. “This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child,3 ”says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies4. This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body.5
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood, for example. Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.
词汇：
altitude / ’æltɪtju:d /n．维度，（海拔）高度
stroke /strəʊk / n．中风
birthweight n．出生体重
coronary / ’kɒrənəri /adj．冠状的
under-nourished adj．营养不足的
underweight /’ʌndəweɪt / adj．重量不足的
hint / hɪnt / vt．暗示
hormone /’hɔ:məʊn / n．荷尔蒙
fetus / ’fi:təs / n．胚胎
注释：
1．... grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes：……长大成人后得心脏病和中风的风险很大
2．... are deprived of ...：被剥夺了……，缺乏……
3．This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child：这可能会触发调节未出生儿成长的荷尔蒙的释放或抑制。这里的release是名词。
4．relatively larger heads compared with their bodies：相对身体来说较大的头部
5．... a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body：……一个缺乏氧的胚胎会首先把充氧的血液输送到脑部，然后才送到身体的其他部位。starved of是分词短语，修饰fetus, in preference to表示的是第二位的选择，如：I chose to study English in preference to Russian in university.读大学时，我选了英语，而不是俄语。
Giussani did not expect to find that the weight of a baby had little to do with the financial conditions of the family he was bom into.
A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk
Fast food outlets could1 provide statin drugs free of 1 so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London2 2 in a new
study．
Statins reduce the 3 of unhealthy ”LDL” cholesterol3 in the blood. A wealth of trial data4 has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person’s heart attack 4 .
In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology5，Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is 5 to offset the increase in heart attack risk from 6 a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake．
Dr Francis，from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London，who is the senior author of the study, said:”Statins don’t cut out a11 of the 7 effects of cheeseburgers and French fries6．It’s better to avoid fatty food altogether．But we’ve worked out that in terms of your 8 of having a heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same 9 as a fast food meal increases it.” “It’s ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthv condiments in fast food outlets as they 10 , but statins, which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense7 to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are l 1 free of charge．It would cost less than 5 pence per 1 2 一not much different to a sachet of sugar8.” Dr Francis said．
When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking, they’re encouraged to take 13 that lower their risk, 1ike 14 a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters. Taking a statin is a rational way of 1 5 some of the risks of eating a fatty meal．
词汇：
statin/"stæ tIn/ n．降胆固醇药物
outlet/"autlit/ n．销售点
cholesterol/ kə"lestərɔl / n．胆固醇
offset /,ɔf"set/ V. 抵消，补偿
cheeseburger/ "tʃi:z,bə:ɡə / n．芝士汉堡包
milkshake! "milkʃeik / n．奶昔
condiment /"kɔndimənt]! n ．调味品
sachet /"sætʃei / ii ．小袋，小包
rational / "ræʃənəl / adj．合理的
注释：
1. Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs: 句中的could 是一种委婉表达建议的用词，意为“可以”。
2. Imperial College London: 帝国理工学院。该学院于1907 年由城市和行会学校、皇家矿业学校以及皇家科学学院合并组成。学院于2007 年7月正式脱离伦敦大学成为一所独立大学。提供本科和研究生教育，共有四个学院，工程学院、医学院、自然科学院和生命科学院
3. LDL cholesterol: 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。LDL是low density lipoprotein（低密度脂蛋白）的缩写形式。
4. a wealth of trial data: 大量的试验数据。a wealth of意为“大量的，许多”。
5. American Journal of Cardiology: 美国心脏病学杂志
6. French fries:炸薯条
7.It makes sense...: make sense 意为“说得通，合情合理”。
8. a sachet of sugar: 一小袋糖。快餐店一般备有袋糖，供饮咖啡或热奶的顾客免费取用。空12
A:cook B:patient C:customer D:visitor
子宫脱垂Ⅰ度（轻）是指（）
A:子宫颈外口距处女膜缘小于4cm，但未达处女膜缘 B:子宫颈外口距处女膜缘小于2cm，但未达处女膜缘 C:子宫颈已达处女膜缘，但未超出该缘 D:子宫颈已脱出阴道口外，但宫体尚在阴道内 E:宫颈及部分宫体已脱出阴道口外
子宫脱垂Ⅱ度(轻)是指（）
A:子宫颈外口距处女膜缘小于4cm，但未达处女膜缘 B:子宫颈外口距处女膜缘小于2cm，但未达处女膜缘 C:子宫颈已达处女膜缘，但未超出该缘 D:子宫颈已脱出阴道口外，但宫体尚在阴道内 E:宫颈及部分宫体已脱出阴道口外
35岁，I度脱垂轻，治以（）
A:补中益气汤等支持疗法 B:子宫托 C:曼氏手术 D:阴道子宫全切及阴道前后壁修补术 E:阴道纵隔修补术
从所给的四个选项中，选择最合适的一个填入问号处，使之呈现一定规律性： 
A B C D
A:A B:B C:C D:D
税务机关欠税清缴制度包括( )。
A:大额欠税处分财产报告制度 B:对欠缴税款的纳税人行使代位权 C:对欠缴税款的纳税人行使撤销权 D:建立欠税公告制度
以下有关管理幅度的论述正确的是( )。
A:管理幅度也称为组织层次，它是指一名领导者直接领导的下级人员的数量 B:管理幅度也称为管理跨度，它是指组织中所有组织等级的数量 C:管理幅度也称为管理跨度，它是指一名领导者直接领导的下级部门和人员的数量 D:管理幅度也称为组织层次，它是指组织中所有组织等级的数量
单项选择题
