Passage Five
Even plants can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away-straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared (红外线) scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest (害虫) problems.
Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-code map showing where plants were running" fevers". Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.
The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. "This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States", says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agricuhrue, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.

Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are （　）

A:sprayed with pesticides B:in pour physical condition C:facing an infrared scanner D:exposed to excessive sun rays

Passage Five
Even plants can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away-straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared (红外线) scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest (害虫) problems.
Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-code map showing where plants were running" fevers". Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.
The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. "This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States", says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agricuhrue, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.

Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by （　）

A:transforming poisoned rain B:consulting infrared scanning experts C:resorting to spot-spraying D:detecting crop problems at an early date

Passage Five
It’s easy to find nurses at Seton Medical Center. They wear badges that tell where the nurses are. Even if they are in the halls, the devices can track the nurses.
Hill-Rom made the tracking badges that use infrared signals. The system is wireless and can tell when a nurse goes to a patient’s room. In the past, time was wasted trying to find the nurses. A wall unit lets staff talk to nurses and patients. Hill-Rom has sold more than 850 systems to hospitals.
Many nurses do not like the locator badges. They fear the devices will hear their conversations and spy on them. At Eden Medical Center, nurses protested against the Hill- Rom devices. The badges made nurses feel like they were being watched to see if they did their job right. Although the nurses hid the badges, the hospital found them. Nurses felt Big Brother was watching them.
Eden Medical Center wants to give good patient care. The system can see how long it takes a nurse to come. The hospital got rid of their other call system because it was so old. Eden looks at how well nurses do their jobs.
After two years of use, Seton says most nurses and patients like the devices.

Hill-Rom devices use（） to locate nurses.

A:locator badges B:infrared signals C:spies D:cameras

Even plants can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away——straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared (红外线) scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers pre-cisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which in- variably includes plants that don’t have pest (害虫) problems.
Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems be- fore they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infra- red scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-code map showing where plants were running" fevers". Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.
The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. "This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States", says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agricultrue, thinks re- mote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.
Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are ______.

A:sprayed with pesticides B:in pour physical condition C:facing an infrared scanner D:exposed to excessive sun rays

Even plants can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away——straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared (红外线) scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers pre-cisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which in- variably includes plants that don’t have pest (害虫) problems.
Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems be- fore they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infra- red scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-code map showing where plants were running" fevers". Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.
The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. "This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States", says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agricultrue, thinks re- mote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.
Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by ______.

A:transforming poisoned rain B:consulting infrared scanning experts C:resorting to spot-spraying D:detecting crop problems at an early date

Passage Four
Even plants can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away——straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared (红外线) scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest (害虫) problems.
Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they be- came visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color, code map showing where plants were running "fevers". Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.
The had news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. "This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States", says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.

Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by （）

A:transforming poisoned rain B:consulting infrared scanning experts C:resorting to spot-spraying D:detecting crop problems at an early date

Passage Four
Even plants can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away——straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared (红外线) scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest (害虫) problems.
Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they be- came visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color, code map showing where plants were running "fevers". Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.
The had news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. "This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States", says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.

Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are（）

A:sprayed with pesticides B:in pour physical condition C:facing an infrared scanner D:exposed to excessive sun rays

Passage Four

Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are ______.

A:sprayed with pesticides B:in pour physical condition C:facing an infrared scanner D:exposed to excessive sun rays

　第三篇 　　Small But Wise 　　On December 14, NASA1 blasted a smallbut mighty telescope into space. The telescope is called WISE and is about aswide around as a trashcan. Don’t let its small size fool you: WISE has apowerful digital camera, and it will be taking pictures of some the wildestobjects2 in the known universe,including asteroids, faint stars, blazing galaxies3 and giant clouds of dustwhere planets and stars are born. 　　“I’mvery excited because we’re going to be seeing parts of the universe that wehaven’t seen before, ” said Ned Wright, a scientist who directs the WISEproject. 　　Since arriving in space, the WISEtelescope has been circling the Earth, held by gravity in a polar orbit4( thismeans it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap5). Its camerais pointed outward, away from the Earth, and WISE will snap a picture of adifferent part of the sky every 11 minutes. After six months it will have takenpictures across the entire sky. 　　The pictures taken by WISE won’t be likeeveryday digital photographs, however. WISE stands for “Wide-field InfraredSurvey Explorer. ” As its name suggests, the WISE camera takes pictures offeatures that give off infrared radiation6. 　　Radiation is energy that travels as awave. Visible light, including the familiar spectrum of light7 that becomesvisible in a rainbow, is an example of radiation. When an ordinary digitalcamera takes a picture of a tree, for example, it receives the waves of visiblelight that are reflected off the tree. When these waves enter the camerathrough the lens, they’re processed by the camera, which then puts the imagetogether. 　　Waves of infrared radiation are longerthan waves of visible light, so ordinary digital cameras don’t see them, andneither do the eyes of human beings. Although invisible to the eye, longerinfrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin. 　　That’s a key idea to why WISE will beable to see things other telescopes can’t. Not everything in the universe showsup in visible light. Asteroids, for example, are giant rocks that float throughspace — but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. They don’t reflectlight, so they’re difficult to see. But they do give off infrared radiation, soan infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them. Duringits mission WISE will take pictures of hundreds of thousands of asteroids. 　　Brown dwarfs8 are another kind ofdeep-space object that will show up in WISE’s pictures. These objects are“failed” stars — which means they are not massive enough to jump start9 thesame kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun. Instead, brown dwarfssimply shrink and cool down. They’re so dim that they’re almost impossible tosee with visible light, but in the infrared spectrum they glow. It can beinferred from the last paragraph that brown dwarfs.

A:give off infrared radiation. B:are power stars like the sun. C:become massive and active D:are invisible to the WISE telescope.