Passage 4
Most episodes of
absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just
entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. "You’re
supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply."
Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an
event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly
can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for
example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you are involved in a
conversation you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging
in your wardrobe. "Your memory itself isn’t failing you." says Schacter.
"Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it
needed."
Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A
man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago," says Schacter, "may not
remember to drop a letter in the mailbox." Women have slightly better
memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their
environment, and memory relies on just that.
Visual cues can
help prevent absent-mindedness, says Schacter. "But be sure the cue is clear and
available," he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with
lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table-don’t leave it in the medicine
chest and write yourself a that that you keep in a pocket.
Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and
wondering why you are there. Most likely, you were thinking about something
else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinscki. The best thing to
do is to return to there you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely
remember. |
What’s the passage mainly about ______.
A:The process of gradual memory loss B:The causes of absent-mindedness C:The impact of the environment on memory D:A way of encoding and recalling
在XML的声明中，encoding缺省的属性是______。
A:GB2312 B:BIG5 C:UTF-8 D:UTF-16
要在XML中显示简体中文，encoding值应该等于______。
A:UTF-8 B:GB2312 C:BIC5 D:Unicode
要在XML中显示简体中文，encoding值应该等于______。
A:UTF -8 B:GB2312 C:GIB5 D:Unicode
要在XML中显示简体中文，encoding值应该等于______。
A:UTF -8 B:GB2312 C:GIB5 D:Unicode
为了支持简体中文，XML声明中encoding属性的值应该设置为（）
A:UTF- 8 B:UTF－16 C:BIG5 D:GB2312
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