网络管理员综合练习
网络管理员综合练习
I’ll Be Bach
Composer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music. It took Cope 30 years to develop the software. Now most people can’t tell the difference between music by the famous German composer J. S. Bach1 (1685-1750) and the Bach-like compositions from Cope’s computer.
It all started in 1980 in the United States, when Cope was trying to write an opera. He was having trouble thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies. At first this music was not easy to listen to. What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music. He realized that composers，brains work like big databases. First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. Then they take out the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is left. According to Cope, only the great composers are able to create the database accurately, remember it, and form new musical patterns from it.
Cope built a huge database of existing music. He began with hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the data：it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the pieces into new patterns. Before long, the program could compose short Bach-like works. They weren’t good, but it was a start.
Cope knew he had more work to do-he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could analyze more complex music. He also added many other composers, including his own work, to the database.
A few years later，Cope’s computer program, called “Emmy”，was ready to help him with his opera. The process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computer’s musical ideas and used the ones that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeks to finish. It was called Cradle Falling, and it was a great success! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career, but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.
Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn’t like of her music, but she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!
词汇：
original / əˈrɪdʒinəl / adj.有独创性的
collaboration / kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃən / n. 合作
review / rɪ"vjʊ: / n. 评论
feedback / ˈfi:dbæk / n. 反馈
注释：
1.J. S. Bach约翰?塞巴斯蒂安?巴赫（德语：Johann Sebastian Bach，1685年3月31日一1750年7月28日），巴洛克时期的德国作曲家，杰出的管风琴、小提琴、大键琴演奏家，同作曲家亨德尔和泰勒曼齐名。巴赫被普遍认为是音乐史上最重要的作曲家之一，并被尊称为“西方‘现代音乐’之父”，也是西方文化史上最重要的人物之一。
What did cope realize about a great composer’s brain?
A:It forms new musical patterns all by itself B:It writes a computer program C:It can recognize any music patterns D:It creates an accurate database
I’ll Be Bach
Composer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music. It took Cope 30 years to develop the software. Now most people can’t tell the difference between music by the famous German composer J. S. Bach (1685-1750) and the Bach-like compositions from Cope’s computer.
It all started in 1980 in the United States, when Cope was trying to write an opera. He was having trouble thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies. At first this music was not easy to listen to. What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music. He realized that composers，brains work like big databases. First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. Then they take out the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is left. According to Cope, only the great composers are able to create the database accurately, remember it, and form new musical patterns from it.
Cope built a huge database of existing music. He began with hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the data：it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the pieces into new patterns. Before long, the program could compose short Bach-like works. They weren’t good, but it was a start.
Cope knew he had more work to do-he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could analyzemore complex music. He also added many other composers, including his own work, to the database.
A few years later，Cope’s computer program, called “Emmy”，was ready to help him with his opera. The process required a lot ofcollaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computer’s musical ideas and used the ones that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeks to finish. It was called Cradle Falling, and it was a great success! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career, but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.
Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn’tlike of her music, but she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!
词汇：
original/əˈrɪdʒənəl / adj．有独创性的
collaboration/ kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃən / n．合作
review/rɪ"vju:/ n．评论
feedback/"fi:dbæk / n．反馈
注释
J.S. Bach约翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴赫（德语：Johann Sebastian Bach，1685年3月31日一1750年7月28日），巴洛克时期的德国作曲家，杰出的管风琴、小提琴、大键琴演奏家，同作曲家亨德尔和泰勒曼齐名。巴赫被普遍认为是音乐史上最重要的作曲家之一，并被尊称为“西方‘现代音乐’之父”，也是西方文化史上最重要的人物之一。
What did cope realize about a great composer’s brain?
A:It forms new musical patterns allby itself B:It writes a computer program C:It can recognize any music patterns D:It creates an accurate database
______ after his death that he was recognized as a great composer.
A:It was not until B:It is until C:It was until D:Not until
（ ）after his death that he was recognized as a great composer.
A:It was not until B:It is until C:It was until D:Not until
______ after his death that he was recognized as a great composer.
A:It was not until B:It is until C:It was until D:Not until
{{B}}第二篇{{/B}}
| {{B}}? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ?Good Music{{/B}} ? ?Music which is original is individual and personal. That is to say, it can be identified as belonging to a particular composer. It has particular qualities, or a style, which are not copied from another. If you can recognize the style of a composer, you will probably be able to tell that a certain composition belongs to him or her even though you have never heard it before. ? ?A basket-maker has the skill of weaving and interweaving his materials to create colorful patterns, and an expert carpenter(木匠) has the skill of joining together different shapes and sizes of wood to make a beautiful piece of furniture. These skills may be referred to as "workmanship" (技艺). Similarly, in music a composer organizes his melodies(旋律) and rhythms and combines sounds to create harmony. A composer may be capable of thinking up very good, original tunes, yet if tunes are poorly organized, that is, if the workmanship is poor, the final result will not be up to standard. ? ?Good music expresses feelings in a way that is suitable to those feelings. These may be joy, sorrow, fear, love, anger, or whatever. Bad music, on the other hand, may confuse unrelated ?feelings, it may not express any not express any important feeling at all, or it may exaggerate ?some feelings and make them vulgar, that is, cheap and ugly. ? ?Good music will stand the test of time. It will not go out of fashion but will continue to be enjoyed and respected long after it is first introduced. It will gain a king of permanent status while bad music will disappear and be forgotten quickly. In pop music, where the general rule seems to be "the newer the better", the test of time is the hardest test of all To pass. |
A:has a personal style B:sounds very familiar to our ears C:is one whose style you cannot recognize D:can not be recognized as belonging to any composer
{{B}}第三篇{{/B}}
| {{B}}? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? Jean Sibelius and His Music{{/B}} ? ?Jean Sibelius felt very much alone because he couldn’t accept the music of that day. He believed that one should be able to make for oneself an ideal by reflection, and thought that modern music did not progress because it marked time without moving a step farther. ? ?When he began work on his Fifth Symphony, Europe and his beloved Finland were being ravaged by World War I. He wrote in September of 1914. "But I already begin to see dimly the mountain that I shall certainly ascend—God opens His door for a moment and His orchestra plays the Fifth Symphony." But from the very first he was full of doubts about this work. He wasn’t sure whether or not he should have begun on the Fifth Symphony. He suffered a good deal for having persevered in composing symphonies at a time when practically all composers had turned to other forms of expression. ? ?The Fifth Symphony was completed late in 1915. It was performed on the composer’s fiftieth birthday which was declared a national holiday. Sibelius conducted the concert but he was not satisfied with this new work. In October of 1916, he revised the symphony but a performance two months later still did not satisfy him. |
A:Because he realized his limitations as a music composer. B:Because he couldn’t accept the music of that day. C:Because he lived far from his family. D:Because all of his friend excluded him from music.
