Volume Box是指

A:独立准直器 B:非独立准直器 C:孔雀系统准直器 D:棋盘式准直器 E:多叶准直器

交通量（Volume）

What does the author imply by saying “living space.., is figured.., also in cubic volume______above the earth”( in para 3 )

A:Our living space on the earth is getting smaller and smaller B:Our living space should be measured in cubic volume C:We need to take some measures to protect space D:We must create better living conditions for both birds and animals

The study of 267 pupils aged 11 to 18 found 63% felt addicted to the internet-Techno Addicts: Young Person Addiction to Technology-was carried out by researchers at Cranfield School of Management, Northampton Business School and academic consultancy AJM Associates.
Researchers used a written questionnaire to examine the nature and the volume of mobile phone calls and text messaging as well as computer use including e-mail, instant messaging and accessing social networking sites.
They found 62% first used or owned a computer before the age of eight, 80% first used the internet between the ages of five and 10,58% first used a mobile phone between the ages of eight and 10 and 58% have had access to a social networking sites between the ages of eleven and 13.
Over 63% felt addicted to the internet. Over 30% reported spending between one to two hours a day using the internet and 26% said they spent up to six or more hours a day. On average, pupils said they spent between one and two hours on social networking sites each day.
Over one in five(20.2%) said they left the phone on in lessons-which is usually forbidden by schools. Over a third(39%)admitted that text shortcuts damaged the quality of their written English, particularly when it came to spelling. And 84% openly admitted copying chunks of information from the internet into their homework or projects on a number of occasions.
Dr Nada Kakabadse from Northampton Business School said modern technology, such as mobile phones and handheld computer games, was having an impact on pupils’ attention levels. "They are hiding these things under the desks so their concentration cannot be equally divided, they are not focusing on what’s going on in class. "
Dr Kakabadse said pupils were also getting into a bad habit of plagiarism. "For their homework, instead of reading the book, they go on the internet and lift it. "
She also raised concerns about the text-messaging abbreviations to which young people had grown accustomed. They have invented a new language. This kind of abbreviation they unconsciously bring into their assignments.
What is NOT examined in the study

A:The volume of mobile phone calls. B:The volume of text messaging. C:The volume of computer use. D:The volume of computer games consumption.

The study of 267 pupils aged 11 to 18 -Techno Addicts: Young Person Addiction to Technology-was carried out by researchers at Cranfield School of Management. Northampton Business School and academic consultancy AJM Associates.
Researchers used a written questionnaire to examine the nature and the volume of mobile phone calls and text messaging as well as computer use including e - mail, instant messaging and accessing social networking sites.
They found 62% first used or owned a computer before the age of eight, 80% first used the internet between the ages of five and 10,58% first used a mobile Phone between the ages of eight and 10 and 58% have had access to a social networking sites between the ages of eleven and 13.
Over 63% felt addicted to the internet. Over 30% reported spending between one or two hours a day using the internet and 26% said they spent up to six or more hours a day.
On average, pupils said they spent between one and two hours on social networking sites each day.
Over one in five(20.2% )said they left the phone on in lessons—which is usually forbidden by schools.
Over a third (39%) admitted that text shortcuts damaged the quality of their written English, particularly when it came to spelling.
And 84% openly admitted copying chunks of information from the internet into their homework or projects on a number of occasions.
Poor attention levels
Dr Nada Kakabadse from Northampton Business School said modern technology, such as mobile phones and handheld computer games, was having an impact on pupils’ attention levels.
"They are hiding these things under the desks so their concentration cannot be equally divided, they ore not focusing on what’s going on in class."
Dr Kakabadse said pupils were also getting into a bad habit of plagiarism.
"For their homework, instead of reading the book, they go on the internet and lift it. "
She also raised concerns about the text - messaging abbreviations to which young people had grown accustomed.
"They have invented a new language. This kind of abbreviation they unconsciously bring into their assignments. "
"So they will have difficulty communicating with others and making themselves understood. Of course, language should evolve but maybe not so quickly. /
What is NOT examined in the study

A:The volume of mobile phone calls B:The volume of text messaging C:The volume of computer use D:The volume of computer games consumption

阅读、理解下面短文并回答81-85题
Means  or  transportation
There are five major transportation models:highway,railway,pipeline,water and air .The relative importance of each model can be measured in the terms of mileage, load voad volume and cost.
1.Railway
Railway can be used to transport goods with large tonnage over a long distance. Railway companies and operators enjoy the advantage of low operating cost ,such as electricity and fudl.but hace to invest heavily for large fix assets and incur and incur large amount of depreciation and maintenance costs.
2.Highway
Highway transport has developed rapidly since 1970.Highway operations benefits from the ability to transfer goods from virtually door-to-door and operating flexibility which other transportation models can not compete.
3.Water
Water is the oldest means of transportation,and is the most commonly used option for international trades.Cargo ships travel long distance bearing large volumes with very low unit cost .Currently ,acargo ship can load 7,000 containers weighing over 150,000 tons.
4.Pipeline
Pipeline can send goods non—stop,but is restricted to transfer oil and gas.In2003,Chinabegantobuild three pipelines to transport water,calling the operation to“supplement the  water in Southern to Northern.”
5.Air
Airfreights are the newest and up—and—coming transportation industry.Although it is of high cost and can be more dangerous,in the long run, air transport will increase its proportion gradually due to the demand for efficiency .

What are the factors of importance measure mode of transportation（）

A:mileage,commodity and cost B:commodity,time and cost C:mileage, load volume and time D:mileage ,load volume and cost

Questions from 31 to 35 are based on the following passage: China’s trade volume surged in 2010. The development wasn’t only in quantity, but also in quality — namely structure diversification. The European Union, the United States and Japan remained China’s top 3 largest trading partners in 2010. But trade volumes between China and other emerging economies increased also. Bilateral trade volumes between China and other BRIC nations — Brazil, Russia and India — all jumped more than 40 percent. That made India China’s tenth largest trading partner. Huang Guohua, Statistics Department Director of General Administration of Customs said “Trade volume between China and emerging economies increased faster than that with the traditional market. It indicates that China’s foreign trade is diversifying, and showing less dependence on the traditional partners. It’s a good way to reduce risks.” Data also shows that foreign trade volumes developed dramatically in China’s middle and western areas last year. Although the southern province of Guangdong still topped others in the total volume of import and export. Huang Guohua said “The export volume of middle and western areas surged over 40 percent year on year in 2010. The speed was 10 percentage points higher than the country’s total. It indicates that industrial structure has improved in these areas.” The import and export volume of private enterprises surged faster than the country’s average in 2010, with 47 percent year on year growth. Experts say China’s foreign trade development reduced dependence on foreign-funded enterprises. 2010 imports and exports reached a historical high with a strong sign that the country’s trade sector has shrugged off the global economic recession. What indicates that industrial structure has improved in middle and western areas（ ）

A:Trade volumes between China and other emerging economies increased also. B:Trade volume between China and emerging economies increased faster than that with the traditional market. C:The southern province of Guangdong still topped others in the total volume of import and export. D:The speed was 10 percentage points higher than the country’s total.

Questions from 36 to 40 are based on the following passage: China’s trade volume surged in 2010. The development wasn’t only in quantity, but also in quality — namely structure diversification. The European Union, the United States and Japan remained China’s top 3 largest trading partners in 2010. But trade volumes between China and other emerging economies increased also. Bilateral trade volumes between China and other BRIC nations — Brazil, Russia and India — all jumped more than 40 percent. That made India China’s tenth largest trading partner. Huang Guohua, Statistics Department Director of General Administration of Customs said “Trade volume between China and emerging economies increased faster than that with the traditional market. It indicates that China’s foreign trade is diversifying, and showing less dependence on the traditional partners. It’s a good way to reduce risks.” Data also shows that foreign trade volumes developed dramatically in China’s middle and western areas last year. Although the southern province of Guangdong still topped others in the total volume of import and export. Huang Guohua said “The export volume of middle and western areas surged over 40 percent year on year in 2010. The speed was 10 percentage points higher than the country’s total. It indicates that industrial structure has improved in these areas.” The import and export volume of private enterprises surged faster than the country’s average in 2010, with 47 percent year on year growth. Experts say China’s foreign trade development reduced dependence on foreign-funded enterprises. 2010 imports and exports reached a historical high with a strong sign that the country’s trade sector has shrugged off the global economic recession. What indicates that industrial structure has improved in middle and western areas（ ）

A:Trade volumes between China and other emerging economies increased also. B:Trade volume between China and emerging economies increased faster than that with the traditional market. C:The southern province of Guangdong still topped others in the total volume of import and export. D:The speed was 10 percentage points higher than the country’s total.

Questions from 36 to 40 are based on the following passage: Generally, cargo is carried in containers, but sometimes it is still shipped as breakbulk cargo. During the voyage, goods may be stacked on top of or come into violent contact with other goods. And the cargo might be dragged, pushed, rolled, or dropped during unloading, while moving through customs, or in transit to the final destination. Moisture is a constant concern because condensation may develop in the hold of a ship even if it is equipped with air conditioning and a dehumidifier(除湿机). Another aspect of this problem is that cargo may also be unloaded in precipitation, or the foreign port may not have covered storage facilities. Buyers are often familiar with the port systems overseas, so they will often specify packaging requirements. If the buyer does not specify this, be sure the goods are prepared using these guidelines: Pack in strong containers, adequately sealed and filled when possible. To provide proper bracing in the container, regardless of size, make sure the weight is evenly distributed. Goods should be palletized when possible containerized. Packages and packing filler should be made of moisture-resistant material. To avoid pilferage, avoid writing contents or brand names on packages. Other safeguards include using straps, seals, and shrink wrapping. Observe any product-specific hazardous materials packing requirements. Normally, air shipments require less heavy packing than ocean shipments, though they should still be adequately protected, especially if they are highly pilferable. Finally, because transportation costs are determined by volume and weight, specially reinforced and lightweight packing materials have been developed for exporting. Packing goods to minimize volume and weight while reinforcing them may save money, as well as ensure that the goods are properly packed. The major concern for the dimensions and weight of the packaging is for（ ）.

A:the safety B:the volume and weight C:the costs D:the carrier

Questions from 31 to 35 are based on the following passage: Generally, cargo is carried in containers, but sometimes it is still shipped as breakbulk cargo. During the voyage, goods may be stacked on top of or come into violent contact with other goods. And the cargo might be dragged, pushed, rolled, or dropped during unloading, while moving through customs, or in transit to the final destination. Moisture is a constant concern because condensation may develop in the hold of a ship even if it is equipped with air conditioning and a dehumidifier(除湿机). Another aspect of this problem is that cargo may also be unloaded in precipitation, or the foreign port may not have covered storage facilities. Buyers are often familiar with the port systems overseas, so they will often specify packaging requirements. If the buyer does not specify this, be sure the goods are prepared using these guidelines: Pack in strong containers, adequately sealed and filled when possible. To provide proper bracing in the container, regardless of size, make sure the weight is evenly distributed. Goods should be palletized when possible containerized. Packages and packing filler should be made of moisture-resistant material. To avoid pilferage, avoid writing contents or brand names on packages. Other safeguards include using straps, seals, and shrink wrapping. Observe any product-specific hazardous materials packing requirements. Normally, air shipments require less heavy packing than ocean shipments, though they should still be adequately protected, especially if they are highly pilferable. Finally, because transportation costs are determined by volume and weight, specially reinforced and lightweight packing materials have been developed for exporting. Packing goods to minimize volume and weight while reinforcing them may save money, as well as ensure that the goods are properly packed.

The major concern for the dimensions and weight of the packaging is for（）

A:the safety B:the volume and weight C:the costs D:the carrier