Small But Wise

On December 14,NASA1 blasted a small but mighty telescope into space. The telescope is called WISE and is about as wide around as a trashcan. Don"t let its small size fool you:WISE has a powerful digital camera, and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects2 in the known universe,including asteroids,faint stars,blazing galaxies3 and giant clouds of dust where planets

and stars are born.

"I"m very excited because we"re going to be seeing parts of the universe that we haven"t seen before,"said Ned Wright, a scientist who directs the WISE project.

Since arriving in space,the WISE telescope has been circling the Earth,held by gravity in a polar orbit4(this means it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap5).Its camera is pointed outward,away from the Earth,and WISE will snap a picture of a different part of the sky every 11 minutes. After six months it will have taken pictures across the entire sky.

The pictures taken by WISE won"t be like everyday digital photographs,however. WISE stands for"Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer."As its name suggests,the WISE camera takes

pictures of features that give off infrared radiation6.

Radiation is energy that travels as a wave. Visible light, including the familiar spectrum of light7 that becomes visible in a rainbow,is an example of radiation. When an ordinary digital camera takes a picture of a tree,for example,it receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree. When these waves enter the camera through the lens,they"re processed by the camera,which then puts the image together.

Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light, so ordinary digital cameras don"t see them,and neither do the eyes of human beings. Although invisible to the eye,longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin.

That"s a key idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can"t. Not everything in the universe shows up in visible light. Asteroids,for example,are giant rocks that float through space 一but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. They don"t reflect light,so they"re difficult to see. But they do give off infrared radiation, so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them. During its mission WISE will take pictures of

hundreds of thousands of asteroids.

Brown dwarfs8 are another kind of deep-space object that will show up in WISE"s pictures.These objects are"failed" stars 一which means they are not massive enough to jump start9 the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun. Instead,brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down. They"re so dim that they"re almost impossible to see with visible light, but in the infrared spectrum they glow.

词汇：

trashcan / "træʃ,kæn/n．垃圾箱

infrared/"infrə"red/ adj．红外线

asteroid/"æstərɔid/ n.小行星

dwarf/dwɔ:f/ n. 矮星

注释：

1.NASA （美国国家航空航天局）是缩写词，全称是National Aeronautics and Space Administration

2. the wildest objects ：任何你能想象得到的天体。wild 有“未被人驯养的”“荒唐的”“离奇的”意思。

3. faint stars, blazing galaxies：指的是那些只能看到微弱的光和因燃烧而无法观察到的天体。

4. polar orbit：极地轨道。指轨道平面与赤道面夹角为90。的人造地球卫星轨道。人造卫星运行时能到达南北极区上空，即卫星能飞经全球范围的上空。需要在全球范围内进行观测和应用的气象卫星、导航卫星、地球资源卫星等都采用这种轨道。

5. lap：一圈。原指竞赛场的一圈或游泳池的一个来回，如： She overtook the other runners on the last lap. 她最后一圈超过了其他参赛者。

6. infrared radiation：红外线辐射

7. spectrum of light：光谱，即，光辐射的波长分布区域。

8. Brown dwarfs：褐矮星。褐矮星非常暗淡，很难发现它们，要确定它们的大小就更加困难。

9.jump start: 启动

Which is NOT the synonym for the word "snap" in the third paragraph?

A:make B:shoot C:take D:photograph

Small But Wise

On December 14,NASA1 blasted a small but mighty telescope into space. The telescope is called WISE and is about as wide around as a trashcan. Don"t let its small size fool you:WISE has a powerful digital camera, and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects2 in the known universe,including asteroids,faint stars,blazing galaxies3 and giant clouds of dust where planets

and stars are born.

"I"m very excited because we"re going to be seeing parts of the universe that we haven"t seen before,"said Ned Wright, a scientist who directs the WISE project.

Since arriving in space,the WISE telescope has been circling the Earth,held by gravity in a polar orbit4(this means it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap5).Its camera is pointed outward,away from the Earth,and WISE will snap a picture of a different part of the sky every 11 minutes. After six months it will have taken pictures across the entire sky.

The pictures taken by WISE won"t be like everyday digital photographs,however. WISE stands for"Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer."As its name suggests,the WISE camera takes

pictures of features that give off infrared radiation6.

Radiation is energy that travels as a wave. Visible light, including the familiar spectrum of light7 that becomes visible in a rainbow,is an example of radiation. When an ordinary digital camera takes a picture of a tree,for example,it receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree. When these waves enter the camera through the lens,they"re processed by the camera,which then puts the image together.

Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light, so ordinary digital cameras don"t see them,and neither do the eyes of human beings. Although invisible to the eye,longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin.

That"s a key idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can"t. Not everything in the universe shows up in visible light. Asteroids,for example,are giant rocks that float through space 一but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. They don"t reflect light,so they"re difficult to see. But they do give off infrared radiation, so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them. During its mission WISE will take pictures of

hundreds of thousands of asteroids.

Brown dwarfs8 are another kind of deep-space object that will show up in WISE"s pictures.These objects are"failed" stars 一which means they are not massive enough to jump start9 the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun. Instead,brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down. They"re so dim that they"re almost impossible to see with visible light, but in the infrared spectrum they glow.

词汇：

trashcan / "træʃ,kæn/n．垃圾箱

infrared/"infrə"red/ adj．红外线

asteroid/"æstərɔid/ n.小行星

dwarf/dwɔ:f/ n. 矮星

注释：

1.NASA （美国国家航空航天局）是缩写词，全称是National Aeronautics and Space Administration

2. the wildest objects ：任何你能想象得到的天体。wild 有“未被人驯养的”“荒唐的”“离奇的”意思。

3. faint stars, blazing galaxies：指的是那些只能看到微弱的光和因燃烧而无法观察到的天体。

4. polar orbit：极地轨道。指轨道平面与赤道面夹角为90。的人造地球卫星轨道。人造卫星运行时能到达南北极区上空，即卫星能飞经全球范围的上空。需要在全球范围内进行观测和应用的气象卫星、导航卫星、地球资源卫星等都采用这种轨道。

5. lap：一圈。原指竞赛场的一圈或游泳池的一个来回，如： She overtook the other runners on the last lap. 她最后一圈超过了其他参赛者。

6. infrared radiation：红外线辐射

7. spectrum of light：光谱，即，光辐射的波长分布区域。

8. Brown dwarfs：褐矮星。褐矮星非常暗淡，很难发现它们，要确定它们的大小就更加困难。

9.jump start: 启动

The camera on WISE

A:is no different from an ordinary camera. B:does not see infrared radiation while the ordinary camera does. C:catches the infrared radiation while the ordinary camera does not. D:reflects light that human eyes can see.

Small But Wise

On December 14,NASA1 blasted a small but mighty telescope into space. The telescope is called WISE and is about as wide around as a trashcan. Don"t let its small size fool you:WISE has a powerful digital camera, and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects2 in the known universe,including asteroids,faint stars,blazing galaxies3 and giant clouds of dust where planets

and stars are born.

"I"m very excited because we"re going to be seeing parts of the universe that we haven"t seen before,"said Ned Wright, a scientist who directs the WISE project.

Since arriving in space,the WISE telescope has been circling the Earth,held by gravity in a polar orbit4(this means it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap5).Its camera is pointed outward,away from the Earth,and WISE will snap a picture of a different part of the sky every 11 minutes. After six months it will have taken pictures across the entire sky.

The pictures taken by WISE won"t be like everyday digital photographs,however. WISE stands for"Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer."As its name suggests,the WISE camera takes

pictures of features that give off infrared radiation6.

Radiation is energy that travels as a wave. Visible light, including the familiar spectrum of light7 that becomes visible in a rainbow,is an example of radiation. When an ordinary digital camera takes a picture of a tree,for example,it receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree. When these waves enter the camera through the lens,they"re processed by the camera,which then puts the image together.

Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light, so ordinary digital cameras don"t see them,and neither do the eyes of human beings. Although invisible to the eye,longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin.

That"s a key idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can"t. Not everything in the universe shows up in visible light. Asteroids,for example,are giant rocks that float through space 一but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. They don"t reflect light,so they"re difficult to see. But they do give off infrared radiation, so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them. During its mission WISE will take pictures of

hundreds of thousands of asteroids.

Brown dwarfs8 are another kind of deep-space object that will show up in WISE"s pictures.These objects are"failed" stars 一which means they are not massive enough to jump start9 the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun. Instead,brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down. They"re so dim that they"re almost impossible to see with visible light, but in the infrared spectrum they glow.

词汇：

trashcan / "træʃ,kæn/n．垃圾箱

infrared/"infrə"red/ adj．红外线

asteroid/"æstərɔid/ n.小行星

dwarf/dwɔ:f/ n. 矮星

注释：

1.NASA （美国国家航空航天局）是缩写词，全称是National Aeronautics and Space Administration

2. the wildest objects ：任何你能想象得到的天体。wild 有“未被人驯养的”“荒唐的”“离奇的”意思。

3. faint stars, blazing galaxies：指的是那些只能看到微弱的光和因燃烧而无法观察到的天体。

4. polar orbit：极地轨道。指轨道平面与赤道面夹角为90。的人造地球卫星轨道。人造卫星运行时能到达南北极区上空，即卫星能飞经全球范围的上空。需要在全球范围内进行观测和应用的气象卫星、导航卫星、地球资源卫星等都采用这种轨道。

5. lap：一圈。原指竞赛场的一圈或游泳池的一个来回，如： She overtook the other runners on the last lap. 她最后一圈超过了其他参赛者。

6. infrared radiation：红外线辐射

7. spectrum of light：光谱，即，光辐射的波长分布区域。

8. Brown dwarfs：褐矮星。褐矮星非常暗淡，很难发现它们，要确定它们的大小就更加困难。

9.jump start: 启动

Which of the following is NOT correct about"asteroids" according to paragraph 7?

A:Asteroids float through space giving off visible light. B:Asteroids do not reflect light that reaches them. C:It is difficult to take asteroids" pictures by ordinary cameras, D:The WISE telescope can take pictures of asteroids

Small But Wise

On December 14,NASA1 blasted a small but mighty telescope into space. The telescope is called WISE and is about as wide around as a trashcan. Don"t let its small size fool you:WISE has a powerful digital camera, and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects2 in the known universe,including asteroids,faint stars,blazing galaxies3 and giant clouds of dust where planets

and stars are born.

"I"m very excited because we"re going to be seeing parts of the universe that we haven"t seen before,"said Ned Wright, a scientist who directs the WISE project.

Since arriving in space,the WISE telescope has been circling the Earth,held by gravity in a polar orbit4(this means it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap5).Its camera is pointed outward,away from the Earth,and WISE will snap a picture of a different part of the sky every 11 minutes. After six months it will have taken pictures across the entire sky.

The pictures taken by WISE won"t be like everyday digital photographs,however. WISE stands for"Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer."As its name suggests,the WISE camera takes

pictures of features that give off infrared radiation6.

Radiation is energy that travels as a wave. Visible light, including the familiar spectrum of light7 that becomes visible in a rainbow,is an example of radiation. When an ordinary digital camera takes a picture of a tree,for example,it receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree. When these waves enter the camera through the lens,they"re processed by the camera,which then puts the image together.

Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light, so ordinary digital cameras don"t see them,and neither do the eyes of human beings. Although invisible to the eye,longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin.

That"s a key idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can"t. Not everything in the universe shows up in visible light. Asteroids,for example,are giant rocks that float through space 一but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. They don"t reflect light,so they"re difficult to see. But they do give off infrared radiation, so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them. During its mission WISE will take pictures of

hundreds of thousands of asteroids.

Brown dwarfs8 are another kind of deep-space object that will show up in WISE"s pictures.These objects are"failed" stars 一which means they are not massive enough to jump start9 the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun. Instead,brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down. They"re so dim that they"re almost impossible to see with visible light, but in the infrared spectrum they glow.

词汇：

trashcan / "træʃ,kæn/n．垃圾箱

infrared/"infrə"red/ adj．红外线

asteroid/"æstərɔid/ n.小行星

dwarf/dwɔ:f/ n. 矮星

注释：

1.NASA （美国国家航空航天局）是缩写词，全称是National Aeronautics and Space Administration

2. the wildest objects ：任何你能想象得到的天体。wild 有“未被人驯养的”“荒唐的”“离奇的”意思。

3. faint stars, blazing galaxies：指的是那些只能看到微弱的光和因燃烧而无法观察到的天体。

4. polar orbit：极地轨道。指轨道平面与赤道面夹角为90。的人造地球卫星轨道。人造卫星运行时能到达南北极区上空，即卫星能飞经全球范围的上空。需要在全球范围内进行观测和应用的气象卫星、导航卫星、地球资源卫星等都采用这种轨道。

5. lap：一圈。原指竞赛场的一圈或游泳池的一个来回，如： She overtook the other runners on the last lap. 她最后一圈超过了其他参赛者。

6. infrared radiation：红外线辐射

7. spectrum of light：光谱，即，光辐射的波长分布区域。

8. Brown dwarfs：褐矮星。褐矮星非常暗淡，很难发现它们，要确定它们的大小就更加困难。

9.jump start: 启动

What is implied in the last paragraph?

A:Brown dwarfs give off visible light. B:Brown dwarfs are power stars like the sun. C:Brown dwarfs are power stars like the sun. D:Brown dwarfs are impossible to see with the WISE

Dreams

    Studies show that in dreams things are seen and heard rather than thought.¹ In terms of the senses, visual experience is present in almost all dreams； auditory experience in 40 to 50 percent； and touch, taste, smell, and pain in a relatively small percentage.² A considerable amount of emotion is commonly present, usually a pure and single emotion such as fear, anger, or joy.³

    Two clearly distinguishable states of sleep exist. The first state，called NREM-sleep (non- rapid-eye-movement sleep)，occupies most of the sleep period and is associated with a relatively low pulse and blood pressure, and few or no reports of dreaming.⁴ The second type of sleep, known as REM-sleep (rapid-eye-movement sleep) occurs cyclically during the sleep period with rapid eye movements and frequent dream reports. Typically, a person has four or five periods of REM-sleep during the night, whether the dreams are remembered often, rarely, or not at all； they occur at intervals of about 90 minutes and altogether make up about 25 percent of the night"s sleep (as much as 50 percent in a newborn child). Evidence indicates that a dream period usually lasts from 5 to 20 minutes.⁵ Sounds and touches working on a dreamer can go into a dream if they occur during a REM-period. Although mental activity may be reported during NREM-sleep，these are usually short pieces of thoughtlike experiences.⁶

    Modern dream research has focused on two general interpretations of dream content.⁷ In one view, dreams have no meaning of their own but are simply a process by which the brain integrates new information into memories. In the other view, dreams contain real meaning symbolized in a picture language distinct from conscious logical thought.⁸ If dreams express important wishes， fears, concerns, and worries of the dreamer, the study and analysis of dreams can help reveal previously unknown aspects of a person"s mental functioning⁹.

词汇：

visual /"vɪʒjʊəl; -zj-/ adj.视力的，视觉的

auditory/"ɔːdɪtərɪ/ adj.听的，柄觉的

percentage/pə"sentɪdʒ/ n.百分比，百分率

distinguishable /dɪ"stɪŋgwɪʃəbl/ adj.区别得出的，可以辨明的

cyclically /"saiklikli/ adv.循环地，周期性地

interval/"ɪntəvl/ n.间隔，间距，间隙

mental/"mentl/ adj.精神的，思想上的，心理的

interpretation /ɪntɜːprɪ"teɪʃ(ə)n/ n.解释，说明，阐明

integrate/"intigreit/ vt.使成一体，使结合，使合并

symbolize /"simbəlaiz/ vt.作为…的象征，象征

distinct /di"stiŋkt/ adj.有区别的，不同的，单独的

conscious /"kɔnʃəs/ adj.意识到的，自觉的，感到的

logical /"lɔdʒikl/ adj.符合逻辑的，有逻辑头脑的；逻辑（上）的，逻辑学的

previously /"pri:vjəsli/ adj.以前的，先前的，前的，先的

注释：

1.Studies show that in dreams things are seen and heard rather than thought.研究表明，在梦里人 们是在看、在听而不是在想。 、

2.In terms of the senses, visual experience is present in almost all dreams； auditory experience in 40 to 50 percent； and touch, taste, smell, and pain in a relatively small percentage.就感官而 言，在几乎所有的梦中都有视觉体验；听觉体验占40%?50% ；触觉、味觉、嗅觉和痛觉所占 比例相对较小。短语in terms of意为“从……方面(说来），，。

3. A considerable amount of emotion is commonly present, usually a pure and single emotion such as fear, anger, or joy.(梦中）一般有相当程度的情绪表现，通常是一种诸如恐惧、愤怒或欢 喜等纯粹和单一的情绪。

4.The first state, called NREM-sleep (non-rapid-eye-movement sleep), occupies most of the sleep period and is associated with a relatively low pulse and blood pressure, and few or no reports of dreaming.第一种状态称作NREM睡眠（非急速目移睡眠），它占睡眠时间的大部 分。这时，人的脉搏相对较慢，血压相对较低，醒来后也很少或者不说自己做了梦。be associated with意思是“与        有联系”。

5.Evidence indicates that a dream period usually lasts from 5 to 20 minutes.有证据表明一段梦境 通常延续5?20分钟。

6.Although mental activity may be reported during NREM-sleep, these are usually short pieces of thoughtlike experiences.虽然有一些人或许说在他们NREM睡鹺中有思维活动，但是这种活 动通常是类似思维的断断续续的小片段而巳。

7.Modern dream research has focused on two general interpretations of dream content.现代对梦的研究在如何对梦的内容做一般解释方面有两种集中的看法。

8.In the other view, dreams contain real meaning symbolized in a picture language distinct from conscious logical thought.另一种观点认为，梦是用图像语言象征真实意义，这种图像语言和有意识的逻辑思维有所区别。

In your dreams, you____

A:very often feel happy and unhappy at the same time B:always feel that you are afraid of somebody C:seldom feel fear now and joy later D:only feel anger

Dreams

    Studies show that in dreams things are seen and heard rather than thought.¹ In terms of the senses, visual experience is present in almost all dreams； auditory experience in 40 to 50 percent； and touch, taste, smell, and pain in a relatively small percentage.² A considerable amount of emotion is commonly present, usually a pure and single emotion such as fear, anger, or joy.³

    Two clearly distinguishable states of sleep exist. The first state，called NREM-sleep (non- rapid-eye-movement sleep)，occupies most of the sleep period and is associated with a relatively low pulse and blood pressure, and few or no reports of dreaming.⁴ The second type of sleep, known as REM-sleep (rapid-eye-movement sleep) occurs cyclically during the sleep period with rapid eye movements and frequent dream reports. Typically, a person has four or five periods of REM-sleep during the night, whether the dreams are remembered often, rarely, or not at all； they occur at intervals of about 90 minutes and altogether make up about 25 percent of the night"s sleep (as much as 50 percent in a newborn child). Evidence indicates that a dream period usually lasts from 5 to 20 minutes.⁵ Sounds and touches working on a dreamer can go into a dream if they occur during a REM-period. Although mental activity may be reported during NREM-sleep，these are usually short pieces of thoughtlike experiences.⁶

    Modern dream research has focused on two general interpretations of dream content.⁷ In one view, dreams have no meaning of their own but are simply a process by which the brain integrates new information into memories. In the other view, dreams contain real meaning symbolized in a picture language distinct from conscious logical thought.⁸ If dreams express important wishes， fears, concerns, and worries of the dreamer, the study and analysis of dreams can help reveal previously unknown aspects of a person"s mental functioning⁹.

词汇：

visual /"vɪʒjʊəl; -zj-/ adj.视力的，视觉的

auditory/"ɔːdɪtərɪ/ adj.听的，柄觉的

percentage/pə"sentɪdʒ/ n.百分比，百分率

distinguishable /dɪ"stɪŋgwɪʃəbl/ adj.区别得出的，可以辨明的

cyclically /"saiklikli/ adv.循环地，周期性地

interval/"ɪntəvl/ n.间隔，间距，间隙

mental/"mentl/ adj.精神的，思想上的，心理的

interpretation /ɪntɜːprɪ"teɪʃ(ə)n/ n.解释，说明，阐明

integrate/"intigreit/ vt.使成一体，使结合，使合并

symbolize /"simbəlaiz/ vt.作为…的象征，象征

distinct /di"stiŋkt/ adj.有区别的，不同的，单独的

conscious /"kɔnʃəs/ adj.意识到的，自觉的，感到的

logical /"lɔdʒikl/ adj.符合逻辑的，有逻辑头脑的；逻辑（上）的，逻辑学的

previously /"pri:vjəsli/ adj.以前的，先前的，前的，先的

注释：

1.Studies show that in dreams things are seen and heard rather than thought.研究表明，在梦里人 们是在看、在听而不是在想。 、

2.In terms of the senses, visual experience is present in almost all dreams； auditory experience in 40 to 50 percent； and touch, taste, smell, and pain in a relatively small percentage.就感官而 言，在几乎所有的梦中都有视觉体验；听觉体验占40%?50% ；触觉、味觉、嗅觉和痛觉所占 比例相对较小。短语in terms of意为“从……方面(说来），，。

3. A considerable amount of emotion is commonly present, usually a pure and single emotion such as fear, anger, or joy.(梦中）一般有相当程度的情绪表现，通常是一种诸如恐惧、愤怒或欢 喜等纯粹和单一的情绪。

4.The first state, called NREM-sleep (non-rapid-eye-movement sleep), occupies most of the sleep period and is associated with a relatively low pulse and blood pressure, and few or no reports of dreaming.第一种状态称作NREM睡眠（非急速目移睡眠），它占睡眠时间的大部 分。这时，人的脉搏相对较慢，血压相对较低，醒来后也很少或者不说自己做了梦。be associated with意思是“与        有联系”。

5.Evidence indicates that a dream period usually lasts from 5 to 20 minutes.有证据表明一段梦境 通常延续5?20分钟。

6.Although mental activity may be reported during NREM-sleep, these are usually short pieces of thoughtlike experiences.虽然有一些人或许说在他们NREM睡鹺中有思维活动，但是这种活 动通常是类似思维的断断续续的小片段而巳。

7.Modern dream research has focused on two general interpretations of dream content.现代对梦的研究在如何对梦的内容做一般解释方面有两种集中的看法。

8.In the other view, dreams contain real meaning symbolized in a picture language distinct from conscious logical thought.另一种观点认为，梦是用图像语言象征真实意义，这种图像语言和有意识的逻辑思维有所区别。

Based on what is discussed in this writing，an adult may have at most about ____of the time of his or her sleep dreaming

A:90% B:50% C:25% D:20%

Telling Tales about People

    One of the most common types of nonfiction, and one that many people enjoy reading, is stories about people"s lives. These stories fall into three general categories: autobiography, memoir, and biography.
    An autobiography is the story of a person"s life written by himself or herself. Often it begins with the person"s earliest recollections and ends in the present. Autobiography writers may not be entirely objective in the way they present themselves. However, they offer the reader a good look at the way they are and what makes them that way. People as diverse as Benjarmin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies. ¹Other writers, such as James Joyce，have written thinly fictionalized accounts of their lives. These are not autobiographies，but they are very close to it.
    Memoirs, strictly speaking, are autobiographical accounts that focus as much on the events of the times as on the life of the author. ² Memoir writers typically use these events as backdrops for their lives. They describe them in detail and discuss their importance. Recently，though，the term memoir seems to be becoming interchangeab1e with autobiography. A memoir nowadays may or may not deal with the outside world.
    Biographies are factual accounts of someone else"s life. In many senses，these may be the hardest of the three types to write. Autobiography writers know the events they write about because they lived them. But biography writers have to gather information from as many different sources as possible. Then they have to decide which facts to include. Their goal is to present a balanced picture of a person，not one that is overly positive or too critical. A fair well-presented biography may take years to research and write.
　　

词汇：
backdrop [ˈbækdrɒp] n. 背景

interchangeable [ˌɪntəˈtʃeɪndʒəbl] adj. 可转换的
　　

注释：
1. People as diverse as Benjamin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies. 就像本杰明 富兰克林和海伦 凯勒一样，各种各样的人们已经写了自传。
2. Memoirs，strictly speaking，are autobiographical accounts that focus as much on the events of the times as on the life of the author. 严格意义上来讲，回忆录是既注重作者本身的生活经历，也注重其所处的时代所发生的事件的自传性的描述。

Diverse means________.

A:able to swim in deep water B:similar or alike C:varied or different D:enjoying poetry

Telling Tales about People

    One of the most common types of nonfiction, and one that many people enjoy reading, is stories about people"s lives. These stories fall into three general categories: autobiography, memoir, and biography.
    An autobiography is the story of a person"s life written by himself or herself. Often it begins with the person"s earliest recollections and ends in the present. Autobiography writers may not be entirely objective in the way they present themselves. However, they offer the reader a good look at the way they are and what makes them that way. People as diverse as Benjarmin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies. ¹Other writers, such as James Joyce，have written thinly fictionalized accounts of their lives. These are not autobiographies，but they are very close to it.
    Memoirs, strictly speaking, are autobiographical accounts that focus as much on the events of the times as on the life of the author. ² Memoir writers typically use these events as backdrops for their lives. They describe them in detail and discuss their importance. Recently，though，the term memoir seems to be becoming interchangeab1e with autobiography. A memoir nowadays may or may not deal with the outside world.
    Biographies are factual accounts of someone else"s life. In many senses，these may be the hardest of the three types to write. Autobiography writers know the events they write about because they lived them. But biography writers have to gather information from as many different sources as possible. Then they have to decide which facts to include. Their goal is to present a balanced picture of a person，not one that is overly positive or too critical. A fair well-presented biography may take years to research and write.
　　

词汇：
backdrop [ˈbækdrɒp] n. 背景

interchangeable [ˌɪntəˈtʃeɪndʒəbl] adj. 可转换的
　　

注释：
1. People as diverse as Benjamin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies. 就像本杰明 富兰克林和海伦 凯勒一样，各种各样的人们已经写了自传。
2. Memoirs，strictly speaking，are autobiographical accounts that focus as much on the events of the times as on the life of the author. 严格意义上来讲，回忆录是既注重作者本身的生活经历，也注重其所处的时代所发生的事件的自传性的描述。

Diverse means________.

A:able to swim in deep water B:similar or alike C:varied or different D:enjoying poetry