某钢结构平台，由于使用中增加荷载，需增设一格构柱，柱高6m，两端铰接，轴心压力设计值为1000kN，钢材采用Q235钢，焊条采用E43型，截面无削弱，格构柱如图1-8所示。提示：所有板厚均≤16mm。

柱脚底板厚度为16mm，端部要求铣平，总焊缝计算长度取ι＝1040mm。试问，柱与底板间的焊缝采用下列何种做法最为合理？

A:角焊缝连接，焊脚尺寸为8mm B:柱与底板焊透，一级焊缝质量要求 C:柱与底板焊透，二级焊缝质量要求 D:角焊缝连接，焊脚尺寸为12mm

Traffic in Our Cities

     The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risk (1) ______ accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to persuade people to (2) ______ their habits and leave their cars at home.

     One possible (3) ______ is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by (4)______ charges for parking and (5) ______ tougher fines for anyone who (6) ______ the law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, (7) ______ as “road pricing”, is already being introduced in a (8) ______ of cities, using a special electronic card ______ (59) to the windscreen of the car.

    Another way of (10) ______ with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the (11)______ of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre1. Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus (12) ______ for the final stage of their journey.

Of course, the most important (13) ______ is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to (14) ______ the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be2 reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares (15) ______ at an acceptable level.

词汇：

lengthy /"leŋθi:/ a．漫长的，冗长的

persuade /pə"sweid/v．说服，劝服

approach /ə"prəutʃ/ n．方法，途径

windscreen /"windskri:n /n．汽车挡风玻璃

outskirt /"aut,skə:t/ n．郊区，市郊

reliable /ri"laiəbl/ a．可靠的，可信赖的

注释：

1.    ... strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre: ……严格控制进人城市中心的车辆数量

2.    …public transport must be felt to be…：……公共交通必须要让人感觉到……

空14

A:pass on B:throw away C:give up D:leave out

临边防护栏杆采用钢筋作杆件时，上杆直径不应小于16mm，下杆直径不应小于14mm，栏杆柱直径不应小于（）。

A:14mm B:16mm C:18mm D:20mm

现有一根梁配置HRB335级6根φ16mm的钢筋，现工地现场没有φl6ram，但有φ18和φ14的钢筋，那么最合适的做法是（）

A:用6根18的直接代替 B:用8根14的直接代替 C:用6根14的直接代替，并办理设计变更文件 D:用8根14的代替，并办理设计变更文件

临边防护栏杆采用钢筋作杆件时，上杆直径不应小于16mm，下杆直径不应小于14mm，栏杆柱直径不应小于（），采用电焊或镀锌钢丝绑扎固定。

A:14mm B:16mm C:18mm D:20mm

现在工地现场Ⅱ级钢16mm的没有，现有一根梁要6根16mm的钢筋，而工地上有18的和14的钢筋，那么应该（）。

A:用6根18的直接代替 B:用8根14的直接代替 C:用6根14的直接代替，并办理设计变更文件 D:用8根14的代替，并办理设计变更文件

公称直径为14mm和16mm时，相对肋面积不应小于（）。

A:0.060 B:0.065 C:0.050 D:0.055

公称直径为14mm、16mm、18mm、20mm的直径允许偏差为（）。

A:±0.2mm B:±0.3mm C:±0.4mm D:±0.5mm

粗刮时刀痕宽度约（）～16mm，长约30～60mm，并应连成片。

A:8 B:10 C:12 D:14