下列关于营养物质代谢错误的是

A:谷氨酰胺是肠道的主要营养物质，由肝脏转变为丙氨酸，释放出氨 B:碳水化合物为最重要的营养物质 C:肝脏在门静脉血流经过一次可摄取其中75%~100%的营养物质 D:尿毒症时，热氮比为300~400:1最为合适 E:葡萄糖是蛋白质节省作用的最佳能量机制

Dangers Await Babies with Altitude

    Women who live in the world’s highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies, a new study suggests. These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.¹

    Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average. But it wasn’t clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitudes or because their mothers are under-nourished — many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.

    To find out more, Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998. The babies were bom in both rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz. La Paz is the highest city in the world, at 3.65 kilometers above sea level, while Santa Cruz is much lower, at 0.44 kilometers.

    Sure enough, Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. This was true in both high and low-income families. Even babies bom to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz. “We were very surprised by this result,” says Giussani.

    The results suggest that babies bom at high altitudes are deprived of² oxygen before birth. “This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child,³ ”says Giussani.

    His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies⁴. This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body.⁵

    Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood, for example. Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.

词汇：

altitude / ’æltɪtju:d /n．维度，（海拔）高度

stroke /strəʊk / n．中风

birthweight n．出生体重

coronary / ’kɒrənəri /adj．冠状的

under-nourished adj．营养不足的

underweight /’ʌndəweɪt / adj．重量不足的

hint / hɪnt / vt．暗示

hormone /’hɔ:məʊn / n．荷尔蒙

fetus / ’fi:təs / n．胚胎

注释：

1．... grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes：……长大成人后得心脏病和中风的风险很大

2．... are deprived of ...：被剥夺了……，缺乏……

3．This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child：这可能会触发调节未出生儿成长的荷尔蒙的释放或抑制。这里的release是名词。

4．relatively larger heads compared with their bodies：相对身体来说较大的头部

5．... a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body：……一个缺乏氧的胚胎会首先把充氧的血液输送到脑部，然后才送到身体的其他部位。starved of是分词短语，修饰fetus, in preference to表示的是第二位的选择，如：I chose to study English in preference to Russian in university.读大学时，我选了英语，而不是俄语。

Giussani did not expect to find that the weight of a baby had little to do with the financial conditions of the family he was bom into.

A:Right  B:Wrong C:Not mentioned

佝偻病主要缺乏的营养物质是（）

A:维生素D B:维生素A C:钙 D:铁 E:蛋白质

下列关于营养物质代谢错误的是（）

A:肝脏在门静脉血流经过一次可摄取其中75%～100%的营养物质 B:谷氨酰胺是肠道的主要营养物质，由肝脏转变为丙氨酸，释放出氨 C:碳水化合物为最重要的营养物质 D:尿毒症时，热氮比为300～400：1最为合适 E:葡萄糖是蛋白质节省作用的最佳能量机制

下列关于营养物质代谢错误的是（）。

A:肝脏在门静脉血流经过一次可摄取其中75%～100%的营养物质 B:谷氨酰胺是肠道的主要营养物质，由肝脏转变为丙氨酸，释放出氨 C:碳水化合物为最重要的营养物质 D:尿毒症时，热氮比为300～400：1最为合适 E:葡萄糖是蛋白质节省作用的最佳能量机制

下列关于营养物质代谢错误的是（）

A:肝脏在门静脉血流经过一次可摄取其中75%～100%的营养物质 B:谷氨酰胺是肠道的主要营养物质，由肝脏转变为丙氨酸，释放出氨 C:碳水化合物为最重要的营养物质 D:尿毒症时，热氮比为300～400：1最为合适 E:葡萄糖是蛋白质节省作用的最佳能量机制

从所给的四个选项中，选择最合适的一个填入问号处，使之呈现一定规律性：                                           A                     B                    C                      D

A:A  B:B  C:C  D:D