Personal computers are used by one person at a time. The largest personal computer, or PCS, can fit on a (1) . Some of these (2) have more than one microprocessor. (3) the primary processor, which is a general-purpose device, a PC may have one or more processors to (4) special kinds of work. Some machines, (5) , have maths processors, others have graphics processors to help process photographs and other illustrations. Still others have (6) processors.
Office workers also use PCS that are not (7) to a network. These machines are used for (8) tasks as word processing, performing financial calculations, and organizing and (9) bodies of information called databases. People use PCS at (10) for some of the same kinds of tasks. They use word processing programs for (11) Communication, financial software for household budgets. Individuals also use their home computers to play (12) and to communicate (13) the internet.
Small, portable PCS are (14) with people who often work away from their desks. The (15) include laptop computers, which can be (16) on the lap; notebook computers, which are about the (17) of a loose leaf notebook; and palmtop, or handheld computers, which can be operated while (18) in the hand. Laptop and notebook computers have the same (19) as desktop computers. Palmtop computers have less power but still (20) some advanced capabilities. For example, they can process household financial data.
二、完形填空

A:sorting B:dividing C:to arrange D:to separate

If you are a tourist interested in seeing a baseball game while in New York, you can find out which of its teams are in town simply by sending a message to AskForCents.com. In a few minutes, the answer comes back, apparently supplied by a machine, but actually composed by a human. Using humans to process information in a machine-like way is not new: it was pioneered by the Mechanical Turk, a famed 18th-century chess-playing machine that was operated by a hidden chessmaster. But while computers have since surpassed the human brain at chess, many tasks still baffle even the most powerful electronic brain.
For instance, computers can find you a baseball schedule, but they cannot tell you directly if the Yankees are in town. Nor can they tell you whether sitting in the bleachers is a good idea on a first date. AskForCents can, because its answers come from people. "Whatever question you can come up with, there’s a person that can provide the answer—you don’t have the inflexibility of an algorithm-driven system," says Jesse Heitler, who developed AskForCents. Mr. Heitler was able to do this thanks to a new software tool developed by Amazon, the online retailer, that allows computing tasks to be farmed out to people over the internet. Aptly enough, Amazon’s system is called Mechanical Turk.
Amazon’s Turk is part toolkit for software developers, and part online bazaar: anyone with intemet access can register as a Turk user and start performing the Human Intelligence Tasks (HITs) listed on the Turk website (mturk.com). Companies can become "requesters by setting up a separate account, tied to a bank account that will pay out fees, and then posting their HITs. Most HITs pay between one cent and $5. So far, people from more than 100 countries have performed HITs, though only those with American bank accounts can receive money for their work; others are paid in Amazon gift certificates.
Mr. Heitler says he had previously tried to build a similar tool, but concluded that the in-frastucture would be difficult to operate profitably. Amazon already has an extensive software infrastructure designed for linking buyers with sellers, however, and the Turk simply extends that existing model. Last November Amazon unveiled a prototype of the system, which it calls "artificial artificial intelligence". The premise is that humans are vastly superior to computers at tasks such as pattern recognition, says Peter Cohen, director of the project at Amazon, so why not let software take advantage of human strengths
Mr. Cohen credits Amazon’s boss, Jeff Bezos, with the concept for the Turk. Other people have had similar ideas. Eric Bonabeau of Icosystem, an American firm that builds software tools modeled on natural systems, has built what he calls the "Hunch Engine" to combine human intelligence with computer analysis. The French postal service, for example, has used it to help its workers choose the best delivery routes, and pharmaceutical researchers are using it to determine molecular structures by combining their gut instincts with known results stored in a database. And a firm called Seriosity hopes to tap the collective brainpower of the legions of obsessive players of multiplayer online games such as "World of War-craft ", by getting them to perform small real-world tasks (such as sorting photographs) while playing, and paying them in the game’s own currency.
Seriosity is mentioned in the passage to

A:show the extensive influence of Turk on the commercial world. B:substantiate endeavors to apply human intelligence to computer analysis. C:show the strength of collective brainpower of computer game players. D:substantiate people’s abilities of sorting photographs while playing games.

If you are a tourist interested in seeing a baseball game while in New York, you can Find out which of its teams are in town simply by sending a message to AskForCents. com. In a few minutes, the answer comes back, apparently supplied by a machine, but actually composed by a human. Using humans to process information in a machine-like way is not new- it was pioneered by the Mechanical Turk, a famed 18th-century chess-playing machine that was operated by a hidden chessmaster. But while computers have since surpassed the human brain at chess, many tasks still baffle even the most powerful electronic brain.
For instance, computers can find you a baseball schedule, but they cannot tell you directly if the Yankees are in town. Nor can they tell you whether sitting in the bleachers is a good idea on a first date. AskForCents can, because its answers come from people. "Whatever question you can come up with, there’s a person that can provide the answer-- you don’t have the inflexibility of an algorithm-driven system," says Jesse Heitler, who developed AskForCents. Mr. Heitler was able to do this thanks to a new software tool developed by Amazon, the online retailer, that allows computing tasks to be farmed out to people over the internet. Aptly enough, Amazon’s system is called Mechanical Turk.
Amazon’s Turk is part toolkit for software developers, and part online bazaar: anyone with internet access can register as a Turk user and start performing the Human Intelligence Tasks (HITs) listed on the Turk website (mturk.com ). Companies can become "requesters" by setting up a separate account, tied to a bank account that will pay out fees, and then posting their HITs. Most HITs pay between one cent and $ 5. So far, people from more than 100 countries have performed HITs, though only those with American bank accounts can receive money for their work; others are paid in Amazon gift certificates.
Mr. Heitler says he had previously tried to build a similar tool, but concluded that the infrastructure would be difficult to operate profitably. Amazon already has an extensive software infrastructure designed for linking buyers with sellers, however, and the Turk simply extends that existing model. Last November Amazon unveiled a prototype of the system, which it calls "artificial artificial intelligence". The premise is that humans are vastly superior to computers at tasks such as pattern recognition, says Peter Cohen, director of the project at Amazon, so why not let software take advantage of human strengths
Mr. Cohen credits Amazon’s boss, Jeff Bezos, with the concept for the Turk. Other people have had similar ideas. Eric Bonabeau of Icosystem, an American firm that builds software tools modeled on natural systems, has built what he calls the "Hunch Engine" to combine human intelligence with computer analysis. The French postal service, for example, has used it to help its workers choose the best delivery routes, and pharmaceutical researchers are using it to determine molecular structures by combining their gut instincts with known results stored in a database. And a firm called Seriosity hopes to tap the collective brainpower of the legions of obsessive players of multiplayer online games such as "World of Warcraft", by getting them to perform small real-world tasks (such as sorting photographs) while playing, and paying them in the game’s own currency.
Seriosity is mentioned in the passage to

A:show the extensive influence of Turk on the commercial world. B:substantiate endeavors to apply human intelligence to computer analysis. C:show the strength of collective brainpower of computer game players. D:substantiate people’s abilities of sorting photographs while playing games.

Text 3

Seriosity is mentioned in the passage to

A:show the extensive influence of Turk on the commercial world. B:substantiate endeavors to apply human intelligence to computer analysis. C:show the strength of collective brainpower of computer game players. D:substantiate people’s abilities of sorting photographs while playing games.

Text 3

Seriosity is mentioned in the passage to

A:show the extensive influence of Turk on the commercial world. B:substantiate endeavors to apply human intelligence to computer analysis. C:show the strength of collective brainpower of computer game players. D:substantiate people’s abilities of sorting photographs while playing games.

If you are a tourist interested in seeing a baseball game while in New York, you can find out which of its teams are in town simply by sending a message to AskForCents.com. In a few minutes, the answer comes back, apparently supplied by a machine, but actually composed by a human. Using humans to process information in a machine-like way is not new: it was pioneered by the Mechanical Turk, a famed 18th-century chess-playing machine that was operated by a hidden chessmaster. But while computers have since surpassed the human brain at chess, many tasks still baffle even the most powerful electronic brain.
For instance, computers can find you a baseball schedule, but they cannot tell you directly if the Yankees are in town. Nor can they tell you whether sitting in the bleachers is a good idea on a first date. AskForCents can, because its answers come from people. "Whatever question you can come up with, there’s a person that can provide the answer—you don’t have the inflexibility of an algorithm-driven system," says Jesse Heitler, who developed AskForCents. Mr. Heitler was able to do this thanks to a new software tool developed by Amazon, the online retailer, that allows computing tasks to be farmed out to people over the internet. Aptly enough, Amazon’s system is called Mechanical Turk.
Amazon’s Turk is part toolkit for software developers, and part online bazaar: anyone with intemet access can register as a Turk user and start performing the Human Intelligence Tasks (HITs) listed on the Turk website (mturk.com). Companies can become "requesters by setting up a separate account, tied to a bank account that will pay out fees, and then posting their HITs. Most HITs pay between one cent and $5. So far, people from more than 100 countries have performed HITs, though only those with American bank accounts can receive money for their work; others are paid in Amazon gift certificates.
Mr. Heitler says he had previously tried to build a similar tool, but concluded that the in-frastucture would be difficult to operate profitably. Amazon already has an extensive software infrastructure designed for linking buyers with sellers, however, and the Turk simply extends that existing model. Last November Amazon unveiled a prototype of the system, which it calls "artificial artificial intelligence". The premise is that humans are vastly superior to computers at tasks such as pattern recognition, says Peter Cohen, director of the project at Amazon, so why not let software take advantage of human strengths
Mr. Cohen credits Amazon’s boss, Jeff Bezos, with the concept for the Turk. Other people have had similar ideas. Eric Bonabeau of Icosystem, an American firm that builds software tools modeled on natural systems, has built what he calls the "Hunch Engine" to combine human intelligence with computer analysis. The French postal service, for example, has used it to help its workers choose the best delivery routes, and pharmaceutical researchers are using it to determine molecular structures by combining their gut instincts with known results stored in a database. And a firm called Seriosity hopes to tap the collective brainpower of the legions of obsessive players of multiplayer online games such as "World of War-craft ", by getting them to perform small real-world tasks (such as sorting photographs) while playing, and paying them in the game’s own currency.

Seriosity is mentioned in the passage to（）

A:show the extensive influence of Turk on the commercial world B:substantiate endeavors to apply human intelligence to computer analysis C:show the strength of collective brainpower of computer game players D:substantiate people’s abilities of sorting photographs while playing games

If you are a tourist interested in seeing a baseball game while in New York, you can Find out which of its teams are in town simply by sending a message to AskForCents. com. In a few minutes, the answer comes back, apparently supplied by a machine, but actually composed by a human. Using humans to process information in a machine-like way is not new- it was pioneered by the Mechanical Turk, a famed 18th-century chess-playing machine that was operated by a hidden chessmaster. But while computers have since surpassed the human brain at chess, many tasks still baffle even the most powerful electronic brain.
For instance, computers can find you a baseball schedule, but they cannot tell you directly if the Yankees are in town. Nor can they tell you whether sitting in the bleachers is a good idea on a first date. AskForCents can, because its answers come from people. "Whatever question you can come up with, there’s a person that can provide the answer-- you don’t have the inflexibility of an algorithm-driven system," says Jesse Heitler, who developed AskForCents. Mr. Heitler was able to do this thanks to a new software tool developed by Amazon, the online retailer, that allows computing tasks to be farmed out to people over the internet. Aptly enough, Amazon’s system is called Mechanical Turk.
Amazon’s Turk is part toolkit for software developers, and part online bazaar: anyone with internet access can register as a Turk user and start performing the Human Intelligence Tasks (HITs) listed on the Turk website (mturk.com ). Companies can become "requesters" by setting up a separate account, tied to a bank account that will pay out fees, and then posting their HITs. Most HITs pay between one cent and $ 5. So far, people from more than 100 countries have performed HITs, though only those with American bank accounts can receive money for their work; others are paid in Amazon gift certificates.
Mr. Heitler says he had previously tried to build a similar tool, but concluded that the infrastructure would be difficult to operate profitably. Amazon already has an extensive software infrastructure designed for linking buyers with sellers, however, and the Turk simply extends that existing model. Last November Amazon unveiled a prototype of the system, which it calls "artificial artificial intelligence". The premise is that humans are vastly superior to computers at tasks such as pattern recognition, says Peter Cohen, director of the project at Amazon, so why not let software take advantage of human strengths
Mr. Cohen credits Amazon’s boss, Jeff Bezos, with the concept for the Turk. Other people have had similar ideas. Eric Bonabeau of Icosystem, an American firm that builds software tools modeled on natural systems, has built what he calls the "Hunch Engine" to combine human intelligence with computer analysis. The French postal service, for example, has used it to help its workers choose the best delivery routes, and pharmaceutical researchers are using it to determine molecular structures by combining their gut instincts with known results stored in a database. And a firm called Seriosity hopes to tap the collective brainpower of the legions of obsessive players of multiplayer online games such as "World of Warcraft", by getting them to perform small real-world tasks (such as sorting photographs) while playing, and paying them in the game’s own currency.

Seriosity is mentioned in the passage to（）

A:show the extensive influence of Turk on the commercial world B:substantiate endeavors to apply human intelligence to computer analysis C:show the strength of collective brainpower of computer game players D:substantiate people’s abilities of sorting photographs while playing games

Text4 Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”. Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism” in society should be profit and the market. But “it’s us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not profit”. Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International, she thought, making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking. As the hacking trial concludes—finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This saga still unfolds. In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing. In today’s world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability. The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.

Accordign to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by（）

A:the consequences of the current sorting mechanism. B:companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices C:governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues. D:the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.

Personal computers are used by one person at a time. The largest personal computer, or PCS, can fit on a (1) . Some of these (2) have more than one microprocessor. (3) the primary processor, which is a general-purpose device, a PC may have one or more processors to (4) special kinds of work. Some machines, (5) , have maths processors, others have graphics processors to help process photographs and other illustrations. Still others have (6) processors.
Office workers also use PCS that are not (7) to a network. These machines are used for (8) tasks as word processing, performing financial calculations, and organizing and (9) bodies of information called databases. People use PCS at (10) for some of the same kinds of tasks. They use word processing programs for (11) Communication, financial software for household budgets. Individuals also use their home computers to play (12) and to communicate (13) the internet.
Small, portable PCS are (14) with people who often work away from their desks. The (15) include laptop computers, which can be (16) on the lap; notebook computers, which are about the (17) of a loose leaf notebook; and palmtop, or handheld computers, which can be operated while (18) in the hand. Laptop and notebook computers have the same (19) as desktop computers. Palmtop computers have less power but still (20) some advanced capabilities. For example, they can process household financial data.
二、完形填空

A:sorting B:dividing C:to arrange D:to separate