甲类船长英语考证
甲类船长英语考证
It was the night of the full moon, a time which always drives Java’s young people mad with excitement.
Fireworks were lit long before the moon (1) . The big noise brought people out (2) the warm night to enjoy the interesting scene. Everywhere, there were the paper remains of (3) fireworks lying on the ground. Little boys (4) more and covered their ears as they waited (5) for the explosions.
The moon appeared above the horizon: huge, (6) ball high above the city, and the (7) filled with people, as Java began to enjoy one of the year’s greatest (8) ."the Night of the Full Moon", a festival that is especially popular (9) young people.
More and more young Javanese (10) together and walked slowly through the (11) . Joking and chatting, they moved towards the mountain (12) the city. They continued to climb (13) they reached the old temple at the (14) of the mountain.
After they were (15) the temple, they drank their water and ate their mooncakes—delicious home-made ones, (16) of dried fruit and nuts. Outside, on the mountain, young people (17) cross-legged in circles, chatting and telling each other jokes. And (18) , in their hundreds, more young people continued to make their way up the mountain to (19) the brightly shining moon.By midnight, the fireworks had stopped shooting up from the (20) city in the valley below them. But during the night, the sound continued to be heard from the distance.
A:village B:scene C:night D:ground
Text 4
| For millions of years before the
appearance of the electric light, shift work, allnight cable TV and the
Internet, Earth’s creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring
24-hour rhythms. Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle. Simply put,
our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake during the day. Most women and
men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function
properly throughout their lives. (Contrary to popular belief, humans don’t need
less sleep as they age.) But on average, Americans sleep only about seven and a half hours per night, a marked drop from the nine hours they averaged in 1910. What’s worse, nearly one third of all Americans get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people, that’s not nearly enough. Finding ways to get more and better Sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are genetic. But many problems are caused by staying up late and sleeping in, by traveling frequently between time zones or by working nights. Dr. James F. Jones at National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed as other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him with possible chronic fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders. "Before we do anything else, we look at their sleep, "Jones says. Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns. "My motto is ’Sleep defensively’," says Mary Carskadon of Brown University. She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep, even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines—like going to bed and getting up at the same time every day—are important. Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference. As with Elaner, who used to suffer from sleeplessness, a few lifestyle changes—avoiding stimulants and late meals, exercising hours before bedtime, relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep. |
A:Most people need less sleep when they grow older. B:Most people need seven and a half hours of sleep every night. C:On average, people in the U.S. today sleep less per night than they used to. D:For most people, less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night is enough.
Text 4
| For millions of years before the
appearance of the electric light, shift work, allnight cable TV and the
Internet, Earth’s creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring
24-hour rhythms. Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle. Simply put,
our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake during the day. Most women and
men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function
properly throughout their lives. (Contrary to popular belief, humans don’t need
less sleep as they age.) But on average, Americans sleep only about seven and a half hours per night, a marked drop from the nine hours they averaged in 1910. What’s worse, nearly one third of all Americans get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people, that’s not nearly enough. Finding ways to get more and better Sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are genetic. But many problems are caused by staying up late and sleeping in, by traveling frequently between time zones or by working nights. Dr. James F. Jones at National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed as other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him with possible chronic fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders. "Before we do anything else, we look at their sleep, "Jones says. Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns. "My motto is ’Sleep defensively’," says Mary Carskadon of Brown University. She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep, even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines—like going to bed and getting up at the same time every day—are important. Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference. As with Elaner, who used to suffer from sleeplessness, a few lifestyle changes—avoiding stimulants and late meals, exercising hours before bedtime, relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep. |
A:sleep for at least eight hours per night B:believe that we need less sleep as we age C:adjust our activities to the new inventions D:be able to predict the rhythms of our biological clocks
Text 3 Of all the components of a good night’ s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise" --the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’ s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is "off-line." And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better, "It’s your dream", says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’ s Medical Center, "If you don’ t like it, change it." Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep-- when most vivid dreams occur---as it is when fully awake, says Dr. Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh, But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the "emotional brain") is especially active, while the pre frontal cortex ( the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. "We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day", says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement. The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events--until, it appears, we begin to dream. And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recur ring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep. At the end of the day, there’ s probably little reason to. pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping of "we wake up in a panic," Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’ s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep--or rather dream--on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.
The negative feelings generated during the day tend to（ ）A:aggravate in our unconscious mind B:develop into happy dreams C:persist till the time we fall asleep D:show up in dreams early at night
I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time ____________ the last bus.
A:to have caught B:to catch C:catching D:having caught
Of all the components of a good night’ s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise"―the random byproducts of the neural - repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’ s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is "off - line." And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. "It’ s your dream," says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’ s Medical Center. "If you don’ t like it, change it." Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep―when most vivid dreams occur―as it is when fully awake, says Dr. Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the "emotional brain") is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. "We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day," says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement. The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’ s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’ t always think about the emotional significance of the day’ s events―until, it appears, we begin to dream. And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep. At the end of the day, there’ s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or "we wake up in a panic," Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’ s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep or rather dream―on it and you’ll feel better in the morning. The negative feelings generated during the day tend to
A:aggravate in our unconscious mind. B:develop into happy dreams. C:persist till the time we fall asleep. D:show up in dreams early at night.
B
The owner of a large company, who was about to take a trip overseas, dropped into his office early in the morning to make some arrangements. He was telephoning for a ticket for his trip when the night watchman came in, who was back from work, and said" Good morning" to the owner. Then he told him that he had dreamed that very night of his employer’s(雇主的)plane crashing(坠毁) after taking off. The owner was surprised to hear this. He decided, however, there was something in what the night watchman said. He postponed(推迟) his trip.
As things turned out, the night watchman’s dream was correct. That day the plane exploded (爆炸) just after leaving the ground. The owner gave the night watchman 5,000 dollars and a letter. He said, "I’m very sorry to do so. But I have to do so. Read the letter when you get home."
The puzzled man hurried home and tore the letter in a hurry. After taking a look, he turned pale. There was only one sentence in it. And he knew that he had been fired.
A:as a reward B:as his wage C:as a prize for his hard work D:because the night watchman had saved him in time of danger
Everyone uses the expressions AM and PM. But do you exactly know what they mean and how they came into being
As you know, the turning of the earth makes the sun and the stars seem to move across the sky. Daylight,of course, (21) . when the sun rises in the east and ends in the west,when the sun is high (22) the sky, between these two positions, half of the daylight hours have been spent.
Therefore, by noticing (23) the sun stood in the sky, early man know they could tell the time of the day. At night the motion of the stars (24) the same purpose. The important thing in keeping time is to know the exact moment of (25) . For each of us,wherever we are, noon is when the sun is directly over head. Think of an imaginary line (26) the sky, stretching from the north point of your horizon just to the south point.
When the sun cross your meridian (子午线), it is noon for you. When the sun still (27) of this line, or the meridian, it is morning. After the sun has crossed this line, it is (28) .
The Latin word for" midday" is" deridian" , (29) which comes our word meridian. So AM is an abbreviation(缩写词) for "ante meridian " ,of before midday, and PM for after midday. Each of the world’s time zones(时区)is about fifteer degrees wide in longitude(经度) ,which is about the distance the sun moves through the sky in an hour. (30) lives in the same zone observes noon at the same moment. In this way, the time is different by one hour. as you move through each time zone.
A:night B:morning C:the noon D:noon
Mr. Smith used to work the night ______ in a power plant.
A:stretch B:shift C:time D:turn
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