Text 3
Recently, a possible alternative way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists: a plant called hemp.
Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands of years. It produces fiber, which can be made into paper, fuel, oils, textiles, food, and rope. For centuries, it was essential to the economies of many countries because it was used to make the ropes and cables used on sailing ships; colonial expansion and the establishment of a world wide trading network would not have been feasible without hemp. Nowadays, ships’ cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibers, but scientists are now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be revived for the production of paper and pulp. According to its proponents, four times as much paper can be produced from land using hemp rather than trees, and many environmentalists believe that the large-scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure on world’ s forests.
However, there is a problem: hemp is illegal in many countries of the world. This plant, so useful for fiber, rope, oil, fuel and textiles, is a species of cannabis(大麻), related to the plant from which marijuana is produced. In the late 1930s, a movement to ban the drug marijuana began to gather froce, resulting in the eventual banning of the cultivation not only of the plant used to produce the drug, but also of the commercial producing--producing hemp plant. Although both George Washington and Thomas Jefferson grew hemp in large quantities on their own land, any American growing the plant today would soon find himself in prison -- despite the fact that marijuana cannot be produced from the hemp plant, since it contains almost no THC (the active ingredient in the drug).
In recent years, two major movements for legalization have been gathering strength. One group of activists believes that ALL cannabis should be legal -- both the hemp plant and the marijuana plant -- and that the use of the drug marijuana should not be an offense. They argue that marijuana is not dangerous or addictive, and that it is used by large numbers of people who are not criminals but productive members of society. They also point out that marijuana is less toxic than alcohol or tobacco. The other legalization movement is concerned only with the hemp plant used to produce producing; this group wants to make it legal to cultivate the plant and sell the fiber for paper and pulp production. This second group has had a major triumph recently: in 1997, Canada legalized the farming of hemp for fiber. For the first time since 1938, hundreds of farmers are planting this crop, and soon we can expect to see pulp and paper produced from this new source.

What equipment on a ship was made from hemp（）

A:Ropes. B:Waterproof cloth. C:Engine fuel. D:Life rafts.

Every second, 1 hectare of the world’s rainforest is destroyed. That’s equivalent to two football fields. An area the size of New York City is lost every day. In a year, that adds up to 31 million hectares--more than the land area of Poland. This alarming rate of destruction has serious consequences for the environment; scientists estimate, for example, that 137 species of plant, insect or animal become extinct every day due to logging. In British Columbia, where, since 1990, thirteen rainforest valleys have been clearcut, 142 species of salmon have already become extinct, and the habitats of grizzly bears, wolves and many other creatures are threatened. Logging, however, provides jobs, profits, taxes for the government and cheap products of all kinds for consumers, so the government is reluctant to restrict or control it.
Much of Canada’s forestry production goes towards making pulp and paper. According to the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, Canada supplies 34% of the world’s wood pulp and 49% of its newsprint paper. If these paper products could be produced in some other way, Canadian forests could be preserved. Recently, a possible alternative way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists: a plant called hemp.
Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands of years. It produces fiber which can be made into paper, fuel, oils, textiles, food, and rope. For many centuries, it was essential to the economies of many countries because it was used to make the ropes and cables used on sailing ships; colonial expansion and the establishment of a world wide trading network would not have been possible without hemp. Nowadays, ships’ cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibres, but scientists are now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be revived for the production of paper and pulp. According to its proponents, four times as much paper can be produced from land using hemp rather than trees, and many environmentalists believe that the large-scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure on Canada’s forests.
However, there is a problem : hemp is illegal in many countries of the world. This plant, so useful for fiber, rope, oil, fuel and textiles, is a species of cannabis, related to the plant from which marijuana is produced. In the late 1930s, a movement to ban the drug marijuana began to gather force, resulting in the eventual banning of the cultivation not only of the plant used to produce the drug, but also of the commercial fiber-producing hemp plant. Although both George Washington and Thomas Jefferson grew hemp in large quantities on their own land, any American growing the plant today would soon find himself in prison--despite the fact that marijuana cannot be produced from the hemp plant, since it contains almost no THC (the active ingredient in the drug).
In recent years, two major movements for legalization have been gathering strength. One group of activists believes that ALL cannabis should be legal--both the hemp plant and the marijuana plant--and that the use of the drug marijuana should not be an offense. They argue that marijuana is not dangerous or addictive, and that it is used by large numbers of people who are not criminals but productive members of society. They also point out that marijuana is less toxic than alcohol or tobacco. The other legalization movement is concerned only with the hemp plant used to produce fiber; this group wants to make it legal to cultivate the plant and sell the fiber for paper and pulp production. This second group has had a major triumph recently: in 1997, Canada legalized the farming of hemp for fiber. For the first time since 1938, hundreds of farmers are planting this crop, and soon we can expect to see pulp and paper produced from this new source.

Which of the following is a reason for the legalization of the hemp plant（）

A:Both the hemp and the marijuana plant are healthy for people B:Productive members of society depend on marijuana for production C:Only uncontrolled, long time usage of marijuana will result in addiction D:The hemp plant is a useful source for the production of paper and pulp

Even plants can run a fever, especially when they are under attack by insects or disease. But (1) humans, plants can have their temperature (2) from 3,000 feet away—straight up. A decade ago, (3) the infrared scanning technology developed for military purpose and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley (4) a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine (5) ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmer (6) target pesticide spraying (7) rain poison on a whole field, which (8) include plants that don’t have the pest problem.
Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problem before they became (9) to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet (10) , an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were (11) into a color-coded map showing (12) plants were running "fevers". Farmers could then spot spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they (13) would.
The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers (14) the new technology and long-term backers were hard (15) . But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to (16) into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt about the technology works. "This technique can be used (17) 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States," says George Oerther of Texas A＆M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks (18) infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But (19) Paley finds the financial backing (20) he failed to obtain 10 years ago.

19（）

A:even if B:if only C:only if D:though

A narrowing of your work interests is implied in almost any transition from a study environment to managerial or professional work. In the humanities and social sciences you will at best reuse only a fraction of the material (1) in three or four years’ study. In most career paths academic knowledge only (2) a background to much more applied decision-making. Even with a " training " form of degree, (3) a few of the procedures or methods (4) in your studies are likely to be continuously relevant in your work. Partly this (5) the greater specialization of most work tasks compared (6) studying. Many graduates are not (7) with the variety involved in (8) from degree study in at least four or five subjects a year to very standardized job (9) . Academic work values (10) inventiveness, originality, and the cultivation of self-realization and self-development. Emphasis is placed (11) generating new ideas and knowledge, assembling (12) information to make a " rational " decision, appreciating basic (13) and theories, and getting involved in fundamental controversies and debates. The humanistic values of higher (14) encourages the feeling of being (15) in a process with a self-developmental rhythm. (16) , even if your employers pursue enlightened personnel development (17) and invest heavily in " human capital " —for example, by rotating graduate trainees to (18) their work experiences—you are still likely to notice and feel (19) about some major restrictions of your (20) and activities compared with a study environment.

（3）（）

A:hardly B:scarcely C:evenly D:only

As in the field of space travel, so in undersea exploration new technologies continue to appear. They share a number of similarities with each other — as well as some important differences.
Manned submersibles (潜水器), like spaceships, must maintain living conditions in an unnatural environment. But while a spaceship must simply be sealed against the vacuum of space, a submersible must be able to bear extreme pressure if it is not to break up in deep water.
In exploring space, unmanned vehicles were employed before astronauts. In undersea exploration, on the other hand, men paved the way, only recently have unmanned remote-operated vehicles (ROVs) been put to use.
One reason for this is that communicating with vehicles in orbit is much easier than talking to these underwater. A vacuum am ideal medium for radio communications, but underwater communications are limited to much slower sound waves. Thus, most undersea vehicles—particularly ROVs— operate at the end of long ropes.
For a similar reason, knowing where you are undersea is much more difficult than in space. A spaceship’s position can be located by following its radio signal, or by using telescopes and radar. For an undersea vehicle, however, a special network of sonar (声纳) must be laid out in advance on the ocean’ floor in the area of a dive to locate the vehicle’s position.
Though undersea exploration is more challenging than outer space in a number of respects, it has a distinct advantage: Going to the ocean depths doesn’t require the power necessary to escape Earth’s gravity. Thus, it remains far less expensive.

Ocean exploration is not so expensive as space travel mainly because （　）.

A:it is not affected Earth’s gravity B:most undersea vehicles operate at the end of long ropes C:ROVs have been put to use D:there is no need for submersibles to get away from Earth’ s gravity

Kite
Kite flying is the sport of sending up into the air, by means of the wind, a light frame covered with paper, plastic or doth. The frame can be one of many different shapes and is attached to a long string held in the hand or wound on a drum. Kites have a long history practical application and many different types of kite have been developed to serve various purposes.
The ancient Chinese used bird-kites to carry ropes across rivers and valleys. The current folding kite which will dive excitingly is an improved type of such a kite. With its long flat body and single pair of bird like wings, it looks just like a large bird in the air. The modern version is usually made of tissue paper rather than the traditional silk.
Man-lifting kites were developed in ancient times, again by the Chinese, for getting information from walled cities and army camps. In fact, as recently as World War Ⅱ, German U-boats flew kites from their towers to lift people into the air to watch the land. These kites, which are no longer in existence, were made of lightweight cloth. They were much larger and stronger than the Chinese ones. Their design, however, was simply that of the cutter kite. Smaller in size, this type of kite is still very popular as a toy for children, being easy to make with a diamond-shaped frame, no wings and brown-paper covering.
Box kites are another type of kite found in toy shops today. The first box kite, named for its box-like body, was developed in the 19th century to test theories of flight and this type of cotton-covered kite greatly assisted the success of early airplanes. These kites are the ancestors of a heavier version of the box kite, called the double box kite, which consists of two main sections, placed side by side. Developed for the peacetime purpose of fishing in strong sea wind, it is the only modern kite described which has practical value. A long-lasting plastic material has to be used for this kite, which carries fishing lines.

The ancient Chinese man-lifting kites were used （　）

A:to carry ropes across rivers and valleys B:for the military purpose C:as toys for children D:for fishing in strong sea wind

{{B}}第三篇{{/B}}

The ancient Chinese man-lifting kites were used ______.

A:to carry ropes across rivers and valleys B:for the military purpose C:as toys for children D:for fishing in strong sea wind

{{B}}第二篇{{/B}}

Ocean exploration is not so expensive as space travel mainly because ______.

A:it is not affected Earth’s gravity B:most undersea vehicles operate at the end of long ropes C:ROVs have been put to use D:there is no need for submersibles to get away from Earth’ s gravity

New rules and behavior standards for middle school students came out in March. A middle school is going to start new rules (1) who the top students are. The best students will (2) have high marks, they will also be ones who don’t color their hair, smoke or drink. The following are more of the new rules:Tell the truth. Have you ever copied (3) work in an exam Don’t do it again! That’s not something (4) students should do. If you are playing computer games in your room, don’t tell your parents you are doing homework.Do more activities at school. Good students love animals and (5) others. April is Bird-Loving Month in China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate it You should join ! That way you can learn more about animals and (6) them. When more people work together, it brings us more (7) .Learn to co-operate. When your basketball team is (8) , only working together can make your team (9) Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to think of others, not only yourself.Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon Maybe you’ll (10) Earth II someday. Don’t look down upon new ideas. All the ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone.Pay attention to your safety. You should not walk (11) outside, especially at night. (12) where the public phones are. If (13) happens, you can find them quickly. If you take a bus to a place far away, please don’t sleep. This prevents a stranger (14) money from you.Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your studies. (15) not everything on the Internet is fit for kids. You may enter healthy websites for your homework or just for fun.

 

第（2）空应选择（）

A:neither B:both C:not only D:only