(Without) the friction between (their) feet and the ground, people (will) (in no way) be able to walk.（　）

A:Without B:their C:will D:in no way

How (can) you do such (thing) (without) (permission)

A:can B:thing C:without D:permission

A (knowledge) of several languages is essential to the study of comparative literature because (without them) one can read (only) (in) translation.

A:knowledge B:without them C:only D:in

Generally speaking, the bird flying (across) our path is observed, and (the one) staying on the tree near (at hand) is passed by (without noticed).

A:across B:the one C:at hand D:without noticed

A (knowledge) of several languages is essential to the study of comparative literature because (without them) one can read (only) (in) translation.

A:knowledge B:without them C:only D:in

How (can) you do such (thing) (without) (permission)

A:can B:thing C:without D:permission

Generally speaking, the bird flying (across) our path is observed, and (the one) staying on the tree near (at hand) is passed by (without noticed).

A:across B:the one C:at hand D:without noticed