Coat’s病是指（）

A:外层出血性视网膜炎 B:脉络膜新生血管病变 C:视网膜穿孔炎症 D:视网膜坏死 E:视网膜下积液

cell coat (细胞被)

Staring longingly into your empty refrigerator at 3 a. m. is about to become a whole lot cheaper. The U.S. Department of Energy recently released new efficiency standards for refrigerators and freezers manufactured after July 1, 2001. To meet these standards, next generation refrigerators must use 30% less energy.
Manufacturers will achieve most of the energy savings through improvements in the compressor—lower-viscosity oil and tighter bearings, for example. Other changes will include thicker insulation, more efficient fans, and increased surface area of the condenser and evaporator coils. Manufacturers will also step up efforts to incorporate smart features, such as sensors that determine when defrosting is needed. "These are evolutionary, not revolutionary, changes," says Len Swatkowski, director of engineering for the Association of Home Appliance of Manufacturers in Chicago.
The appliances will also likely employ a new blowing agent for foam insulation. The current agent—a hydrochlorofluorocarbo—will be banned as of January l, 2003, because of its ozone- depleting properties. Tests of a potential replacement—a hydrofluorocarbon—show that it conveys heat about as well as the old chemical, with less harm to Earth’s ozone layer.
If issues concerning efficiency, toxicity, and large-scale availability can be worked out, manufacturers will likely switch to the new blowing agent at the same time they incorporate the efficiency improvements.
The bottom line: Consumers will reap energy savings of about $20 per year for a typical 20-cubicfoot refrigerator. And although the new refrigerators will cost approximately $80 more, consumers will see significant savings over a refrigerator’s average 19-year life. The new fridges will have the same features and usable space as conventional units
The DOE has now turned its attention to air conditioners, ranges and ovens, clothes washers, water heaters, and fluorescent light ballasts. Within a few years, all will be subject to new energy standards.

The new generation refrigerators will use less energy mainly because of（）

A:thicker insulation and more efficient fans B:better design and lubrication of the compressor C:sensors that start defrosting when needed D:extra features which are added to the appliance

Text 2
The use of heat pumps has’ been held back largely by skepticism about advertisers’ claims that heat pumps can provide as many as units of thermal energy for each unit of electrical energy used, thus apparently contradicting the principle of energy conservation. Heat pumps circulate a fluid refrigerant that cycles alternatively from its liquid phase to its vapor phase in a closed loop. The refrigerant, starting as a low-temperature, low-pressure vapor, enters compressor driven by an electric motor. The refrigerant leaves the compressor as a hot, dense vapor and flows through a heat exchanger called the condenser, which transfers heat from the refrigerant to a body or air. Now the refrigerant, as a high-pressure, cooled liquid, confronts a flow restriction which causes the pressure to drop. As the pressure falls, the refrigerant expands and partially vaporizes, becoming chilled. It then passes through a second heat exchanger, the evaporator, which transfers heat from the air to the refrigerant, reducing the temperature of this second body of air. Of the two heat exchangers, one is located inside, and the other one outside the house, so each is in contact with a different body of air: room air and outside air, respectively.
The flow direction of refrigerant through a heat pump is controlled by valves. When the refrigerant flow is reversed, the heat exchangers switch function. This flow-reversal capability allows heat pumps--either to heat or cool room air.
Now, if under certain conditions a heat pump puts out more thermal energy than it consumes in electrical energy, has the law of energy conservation been challenged No, not even remotely: the additional input of thermal energy into the circulating refrigerant via the evaporator accounts for the difference in the energy equation.
Unfortunately, there is one real problem. The heating capacity of a heat pump decreases as the outdoor temperature falls. The drop in capacity is caused by the lessening amount of refrigerant mass moved through the compressor at one time. The heating capacity is proportional to this mass flow rate: the less the mass of refrigerant being compressed, the less the thermal load it can transfer through the heat-pump cycle. The volume flow rate of refrigerant vapor through the single-speed rotary compressor used in heat pumps is approximately constant., But cold refrigerant vapor entering a compressor is at lower pressure than warmer vapor. Therefore, the mass of cold refrigerant--and thus the thermal energy it carries--is less than if the refrigerant vapor were warmer before compression.
Here, then, lies a genuine drawback of heat pumps: in extremely cold climates--where the most heat is needed--heat pumps are least able to supply en6ugh heat.

It can be inferred from the passage that, in the course of a heating season, the heating
capacity of h heat pump is greatest When（）

A:heating is least essential B:electricity rates are lowest C:its compressor runs the fastest D:outdoor temperatures hold steady

The use of heat pumps has’ been held back largely by skepticism about advertisers’ claims that heat pumps can provide as many as units of thermal energy for each unit of electrical energy used, thus apparently contradicting the principle of energy conservation. Heat pumps circulate a fluid refrigerant that cycles alternatively from its liquid phase to its vapor phase in a closed loop. The refrigerant, starting as a low-temperature, low-pressure vapor, enters compressor driven by an electric motor. The refrigerant leaves the compressor as a hot, dense vapor and flows through a heat exchanger called the condenser, which transfers heat from the refrigerant to a body or air. Now the refrigerant, as a high-pressure, cooled liquid, confronts a flow restriction which causes the pressure to drop. As the pressure falls, the refrigerant expands and partially vaporizes, becoming chilled. It then passes through a second heat exchanger, the evaporator, which transfers heat from the air to the refrigerant, reducing the temperature of this second body of air. Of the two heat exchangers, one is located inside, and the other one outside the house, so each is in contact with a different body of air: room air and outside air, respectively.
The flow direction of refrigerant through a heat pump is controlled by valves. When the refrigerant flow is reversed, the heat exchangers switch function. This flow-reversal capability allows heat pumps--either to heat or cool room air.
Now, if under certain conditions a heat pump puts out more thermal energy than it consumes in electrical energy, has the law of energy conservation been challenged No, not even remotely: the additional input of thermal energy into the circulating refrigerant via the evaporator accounts for the difference in the energy equation.
Unfortunately, there is one real problem. The heating capacity of a heat pump decreases as the outdoor temperature falls. The drop in capacity is caused by the lessening amount of refrigerant mass moved through the compressor at one time. The heating capacity is proportional to this mass flow rate: the less the mass of refrigerant being compressed, the less the thermal load it can transfer through the heat-pump cycle. The volume flow rate of refrigerant vapor through the single-speed rotary compressor used in heat pumps is approximately constant., But cold refrigerant vapor entering a compressor is at lower pressure than warmer vapor. Therefore, the mass of cold refrigerant--and thus the thermal energy it carries--is less than if the refrigerant vapor were warmer before compression.
Here, then, lies a genuine drawback of heat pumps: in extremely cold climates--where the most heat is needed--heat pumps are least able to supply en6ugh heat.

It can be inferred from the passage that, in the course of a heating season, the heating capacity of h heat pump is greatest When（）

A:heating is least essential B:electricity rates are lowest C:its compressor runs the fastest D:outdoor temperatures hold steady

The use of heat pumps has’ been held back largely by skepticism about advertisers’ claims that heat pumps can provide as many as units of thermal energy for each unit of electrical energy used, thus apparently contradicting the principle of energy conservation. Heat pumps circulate a fluid refrigerant that cycles alternatively from its liquid phase to its vapor phase in a closed loop. The refrigerant, starting as a low-temperature, low-pressure vapor, enters compressor driven by an electric motor. The refrigerant leaves the compressor as a hot, dense vapor and flows through a heat exchanger called the condenser, which transfers heat from the refrigerant to a body or air. Now the refrigerant, as a high-pressure, cooled liquid, confronts a flow restriction which causes the pressure to drop. As the pressure falls, the refrigerant expands and partially vaporizes, becoming chilled. It then passes through a second heat exchanger, the evaporator, which transfers heat from the air to the refrigerant, reducing the temperature of this second body of air. Of the two heat exchangers, one is located inside, and the other one outside the house, so each is in contact with a different body of air: room air and outside air, respectively.
The flow direction of refrigerant through a heat pump is controlled by valves. When the refrigerant flow is reversed, the heat exchangers switch function. This flow-reversal capability allows heat pumps--either to heat or cool room air.
Now, if under certain conditions a heat pump puts out more thermal energy than it consumes in electrical energy, has the law of energy conservation been challenged No, not even remotely: the additional input of thermal energy into the circulating refrigerant via the evaporator accounts for the difference in the energy equation.
Unfortunately, there is one real problem. The heating capacity of a heat pump decreases as the outdoor temperature falls. The drop in capacity is caused by the lessening amount of refrigerant mass moved through the compressor at one time. The heating capacity is proportional to this mass flow rate: the less the mass of refrigerant being compressed, the less the thermal load it can transfer through the heat-pump cycle. The volume flow rate of refrigerant vapor through the single-speed rotary compressor used in heat pumps is approximately constant., But cold refrigerant vapor entering a compressor is at lower pressure than warmer vapor. Therefore, the mass of cold refrigerant--and thus the thermal energy it carries--is less than if the refrigerant vapor were warmer before compression.
Here, then, lies a genuine drawback of heat pumps: in extremely cold climates--where the most heat is needed--heat pumps are least able to supply en6ugh heat.

It can be inferred from the passage that, in the course of a heating season, the heating
capacity of h heat pump is greatest When（）

A:heating is least essential B:electricity rates are lowest C:its compressor runs the fastest D:outdoor temperatures hold steady

{{B}}第二篇{{/B}}

It can be inferred from the passage that, in the course of a heating season, the heating capacity of a heat pump is greatest when ______.

A:heating is least essential B:electricity rates are lowest C:its compressor runs the fastest D:outdoor temperatures hold steady

As soon as Linda went into the department that sold raincoats, she sensed there was something unusual in the atmosphere.
First of all, there was a salesman there and not a saleswoman. That was very unusual in the women’s coat department. The salesman asked if he could be of any help. But when she said she was just looking he did not seem to be listening. He (lid not look very much like a salesman, either.
A second later a raincoat caught her eye. Site asked him a question about it. He did not even hear her at first. She asked again. She wanted to know if he had any coats like it with a detachable (可分离的) lining. He did not seem to understand what a detachable lining was. She explained. Then she went on looking. She noticed that the salesman seemed to be watching another customer in the department all the time. The other customer, a middle-aged woman, left the department. The salesman immediately went to the phone and told somebody on the other end that the woman had gone and had definitely taken two leather belts without paying for them. Then he turned to Linda and explained that he was not a salesman at all but a store detective. Later, Linda read in the paper that a woman had been arrested for stealing some belts front a department store, or, in other words, for shoplifting.
"Lining" (Para. 3) here is ______.

A:stuff B:special material C:lines D:the material inside the coat

As soon as Linda went into the department that sold raincoats, she sensed there was something unusual in the atmosphere.
First of all, there was a salesman there and not a saleswoman. That was very unusual in the women’s coat department. The salesman asked if he could be of any help. But when she said she was just looking he did not seem to be listening. He (lid not look very much like a salesman, either.
A second later a raincoat caught her eye. Site asked him a question about it. He did not even hear her at first. She asked again. She wanted to know if he had any coats like it with a detachable (可分离的) lining. He did not seem to understand what a detachable lining was. She explained. Then she went on looking. She noticed that the salesman seemed to be watching another customer in the department all the time. The other customer, a middle-aged woman, left the department. The salesman immediately went to the phone and told somebody on the other end that the woman had gone and had definitely taken two leather belts without paying for them. Then he turned to Linda and explained that he was not a salesman at all but a store detective. Later, Linda read in the paper that a woman had been arrested for stealing some belts front a department store, or, in other words, for shoplifting.
"Lining" (Par

A:A．3) here is ______. stuff special material lines the material inside the coat