单项选择
单项选择
Charles is working on a project and finds that one of his primary vendors is raising their costs for a key component of the product being produced by his project．In order to cover these costs，he______．
A:will ask management for a budget increase to cover the difference B:will assume management reserve will cover the difference because this increase was out of his control C:will use the cost change control process to obtain approval to use part of the contingency allowance D:will go over budget and ask for forgiveness at the end of the project Charles
Text 1
After the terrorist attacks in America last September, terrorist risk became the pariah of perils. The airline industry was most directly affected by the attacks, and it was the first to find that no one wanted to insure terrorist risk. Insurance companies immediately increased premiums and cut cover for airlines’ third-party terror and war liabilities to $ 50m per airline, per "event". Under pressure from airlines, the American government and the members of the European Union agreed to become insurers of last resort for airlines’ war and terrorist liabilities, for a limited period. These government guarantees are due to expire at the end of the month.
The American government has already agreed to extend its guarantee for another 60 days. The EU’s transport ministers are meeting next week in Brussels to decide what to do. Insurers and re-insurers are keen for the commercial market to resume the provision of all airline insurance as soon as possible. No wonder: The premiums for such cover have inevitably increased considerably.
However, in the case of terrorism, and especially of terrorism in the skies, a number of special factors arise. Some are purely practical: a disaster as sudden and unforeseen as the attacks on the World Trade Center has had destructive effects on the insurance industry. The maximum cover for third-party terrorist risk available in the primary aviation market is now $ 50m, and that is not nearly enough cover risks that are perceived to be much higher since September l lth. Even if the market could offer sufficient cover, another catastrophe on such a scale would be more than the market could cope with.
In addition, a rare and devastating risk of a political nature is arguably one that it is right for governments to cover, at least in part. In the wake of attacks by Irish terrorists the British government has recognized this point by agreeing to back a mutual fund to cover risks to property from terrorist attack.
In the case of the airlines, the appropriate answer is some form of mutual scheme with government backing. In fact, under the code-name "Equitime", representatives of airlines, insurers and the American government are setting up an insurance vehicle to be financed by airlines and reinsured by the government. Governments would guarantee the fund’s excess risk, but their role would diminish as the fund grew.
Setting something up will take time, So, to bridge the gap, governments will have to remain insurer of last resort for airlines’ war and terrorist risk for some time to come.
A:the gap between insurance and reinsurance. B:the liabilities attributed to terrorists. C:the fund guaranteed by governments. D:the cover for third-party terrorist risk.
Text 1
After the terrorist attacks in America last September, terrorist risk became the pariah of perils. The airline industry was most directly affected by the attacks, and it was the first to find that no one wanted to insure terrorist risk. Insurance companies immediately increased premiums and cut cover for airlines’ third-party terror and war liabilities to $ 50m per airline, per "event". Under pressure from airlines, the American government and the members of the European Union agreed to become insurers of last resort for airlines’ war and terrorist liabilities, for a limited period. These government guarantees are due to expire at the end of the month.
The American government has already agreed to extend its guarantee for another 60 days. The EU’s transport ministers are meeting next week in Brussels to decide what to do. Insurers and re-insurers are keen for the commercial market to resume the provision of all airline insurance as soon as possible. No wonder: The premiums for such cover have inevitably increased considerably.
However, in the case of terrorism, and especially of terrorism in the skies, a number of special factors, arise. Some are purely practical: a disaster as sudden and unforeseen as the attacks on the World Trade Center has had destructive effects on the insurance industry. The maximum cover for third-party terrorist risk available in the primary aviation market is now $ 50m, and that is not nearly enough cover risks that are perceived to be much higher since September 11th. Even if the market could offer sufficient cover, another catastrophe on such a scale would be more than the market could cope with.
In addition, a rare and devastating risk of a political nature is arguably one that it is right for governments to cover, at least in part. In the wake of attacks by Irish terrorists the British government has recognized this point by agreeing to back a mutual fund to cover risks to property from terrorist attack.
In the case of the airlines, the appropriate answer is some form of mutual scheme with government backing. In fact, under the code-name "Equitime", representatives of airlines, insurers and the American government are setting up an insurance vehicle to be financed by airlines and reinsured by the government. Governments would guarantee the fund’s excess risk, but their role would diminish as the fund grew.
Setting something up will take time, So, to bridge the gap, governments will have to remain insurer of last resort for airlines’ war and terrorist risk for some time to come.
A:the gap between insurance and reinsurance. B:the liabilities attributed to terrorists. C:the fund guaranteed by governments. D:the cover for third-party terrorist risk.
During its formative years, the inner solar system was a rough-and-tumble place. There were a couple of hundred large objects flying around. Moon-size or bigger, and for millions of years they collided with one another. Out of these impacts grew the terrestrial planets—Mercury, Venus, Earth with its Moon, and Mars—and the asteroids.
Scientists have thought of these collisions as mergers: a smaller object (the impactor) hits a larger one (the target) and sticks to it. But new computer modeling by Erik Asphaug and Craig B. Agnor of the University of California, Santa Cruz, shows that things weren’t that simple. "Most of the time, the impactor and the target go off on their merry ways," Dr. Asphaug said. About half the collisions are these hit-and-nm affairs. Now the two researchers and a colleague, Quentin Williams. have done simulations to study the effects of these collisions on the impactors. They are not pretty.
"The impactors suffer all kinds of fates," Dr. Asphaug said. They undergo tremendous shearing and gravitational forces that can cause them to fracture into smaller pieces or melt, causing chemical changes in the material and loss of water or other volatile compounds. Or the crust and cover can be stripped off. leaving just an embryonic iron core.
The researchers, whose findings are published in Nature, discovered that two objects did not even have to collide to create an effect on the smaller one. from the gravitational forces of a near-collision. During the simulations. Dr. Asphaug said, "We’d look and say, ’Gosh, we just got rid of the whole atmosphere of that planetoid: it didn’t even hit and it sucked the whole atmosphere off.’"
The researchers suggest that the remains of these beaten-up, fractured and melted objects can be found in the asteroid belt. Dr. Asphaug said that could explain the prevalence of "iron relics" in the belt. Some of these planetoid remnants also eventually hit Earth: that would help explain why certain meteorites lack water and other volatile elements.
The hit-and-run collision model also provides an explanation for Vesta. a large asteroid with an intact crust and cover. How did Vesta keep its cover while so many other objects were losing theirs Dr. Asphang said it could be that Vesta was always the target, never the impactor, and was thus less affected. "It just had to avoid being the hitter," he said, "until bigger objects left the system./
According to the hit-and-nm collision model, Vesta keeps its cover probably because______.
A:it was always static B:it always acted as the target C:there is no collision happening to it D:its cover is very hard
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Reading the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1 After the terrorist attacks in America last September, terrorist risk became the pariah of perils. The airline industry was most directly affected by the attacks, and it was the first to find that no one wanted to insure terrorist risk. Insurance companies immediately increased premiums and cut cover for airlines’ third-party terror and war liabilities to $ 50m per airline, per "event". Under pressure from airlines, the American government and the members of the European Union agreed to become insurers of last resort for airlines’ war and terrorist liabilities, for a limited period. These government guarantees are due to expire at the end of the month. The American government has already agreed to extend its guarantee for another 60 days. The EU’s transport ministers are meeting next week in Brussels to decide what to do. Insurers and re-insurers are keen for the commercial market to resume the provision of all airline insurance as soon as possible. No wonder: The premiums for such cover have inevitably increased considerably. However, in the case of terrorism, and especially of terrorism in the skies, a number of special factors arise. Some are purely practical: a disaster as sudden and unforeseen as the attacks on the World Trade Center has had destructive effects on the insurance industry. The maximum cover for third-party terrorist risk available in the primary aviation market is now $ 50m, and that is not nearly enough cover risks that are perceived to be much higher since September l lth. Even if the market could offer sufficient cover, another catastrophe on such a scale would be more than the market could cope with. In addition, a rare and devastating risk of a political nature is arguably one that it is right for governments to cover, at least in part. In the wake of attacks by Irish terrorists the British government has recognized this point by agreeing to back a mutual fund to cover risks to property from terrorist attack. In the case of the airlines, the appropriate answer is some form of mutual scheme with government backing. In fact, under the code-name "Equitime", representatives of airlines, insurers and the American government are setting up an insurance vehicle to be financed by airlines and reinsured by the government. Governments would guarantee the fund’s excess risk, but their role would diminish as the fund grew. Setting something up will take time, So, to bridge the gap, governments will have to remain insurer of last resort for airlines’ war and terrorist risk for some time to come.
When mentioning "$ 50m per airline, per 'event'" (Paragraph 1), the writer is talking about（）A:the gap between insurance and reinsurance. B:the liabilities attributed to terrorists. C:the fund guaranteed by governments. D:the cover for third-party terrorist risk.
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Text 1 After the terrorist attacks in America last September, terrorist risk became the pariah of perils. The airline industry was most directly affected by the attacks, and it was the first to find that no one wanted to insure terrorist risk. Insurance companies immediately increased premiums and cut cover for airlines’ third-party terror and war liabilities to $ 50m per airline, per "event". Under pressure from airlines, the American government and the members of the European Union agreed to become insurers of last resort for airlines’ war and terrorist liabilities, for a limited period. These government guarantees are due to expire at the end of the month. The American government has already agreed to extend its guarantee for another 60 days. The EU’s transport ministers are meeting next week in Brussels to decide what to do. Insurers and re-insurers are keen for the commercial market to resume the provision of all airline insurance as soon as possible. No wonder: The premiums for such cover have inevitably increased considerably. However, in the case of terrorism, and especially of terrorism in the skies, a number of special factors, arise. Some are purely practical: a disaster as sudden and unforeseen as the attacks on the World Trade Center has had destructive effects on the insurance industry. The maximum cover for third-party terrorist risk available in the primary aviation market is now $ 50m, and that is not nearly enough cover risks that are perceived to be much higher since September 11th. Even if the market could offer sufficient cover, another catastrophe on such a scale would be more than the market could cope with. In addition, a rare and devastating risk of a political nature is arguably one that it is right for governments to cover, at least in part. In the wake of attacks by Irish terrorists the British government has recognized this point by agreeing to back a mutual fund to cover risks to property from terrorist attack. In the case of the airlines, the appropriate answer is some form of mutual scheme with government backing. In fact, under the code-name "Equitime", representatives of airlines, insurers and the American government are setting up an insurance vehicle to be financed by airlines and reinsured by the government. Governments would guarantee the fund’s excess risk, but their role would diminish as the fund grew. Setting something up will take time, So, to bridge the gap, governments will have to remain insurer of last resort for airlines’ war and terrorist risk for some time to come.
When mentioning "$ 50m per airline, per 'event'" (Paragraph 1), the writer is talking about （）A:the gap between insurance and reinsurance. B:the liabilities attributed to terrorists. C:the fund guaranteed by governments. D:the cover for third-party terrorist risk.
Passage Four
Luggage
You may take one item of hand baggage with you on the coach. Suitcases, etc. must be deposited in the van which will follow the coach at all times. Inflammable materials explosives and weapons (including scissors and pocket knives) may not be taken with you either in the hand baggage or other baggage.
Accommodation
Hotel rooms are distributed on a double-room basis. If you prefer a single room, please let us know one week before the departure date. There is a 30 % surcharge for a single room. Please keep in mind that single rooms are not always available.
Special requirements
If you require a special diet, please notify us at the time of booking, submitting a writ- ten copy of your dietary requirements. There may be an extra charge for special meals ingredients. Vegetarian dishes are available at all the hotels and restaurants we visit at the same price as regular dishes, so advance notice is not required.
Travelers with small children, who desire special hotel services such as baby-sitting, should also inform us at the time of booking.
Entertainment
Amazing Tours arranges a program of evening entertainment, which consists of movies and lectures, the cost of which is included in the price of the trip. Visits to art galleries, museums, etc. are also arranged during the day, subject to a minimum of five people wishing to make such visits. However, for these visits, the individual traveler is responsible for the cost of entrance tickets.
The hotels also offer evening entertainment, such as stage shows, discos, folk dancing, etc. The price is fixed by the hotel, and must be paid by the traveler if he or she wishes to participate.
Emergencies
Every client of Amazing Tours Ltd is fully insured in case of accidents occurring on the bus or in the hotels. However, it is the individual traveler’s responsibility to provide him- self or herself with insurance to cover theft and medical emergencies.
If you need to take special medicine, please bring a supply with you, as the countries we visit have only basic medical services.
A:Amazing Tours' insurance will cover the cost B:the individual traveler's insurance will cover the cost C:the host nation will cover the cost D:the thief will cover the cost
A:Amazing Tours’ insurance will cover the cost B:the individual traveler’s insurance will cover the cost C:the host nation will cover the cost D:the thief will cover the cost
