Hospital Mistreatment

　According to a study, most medical interns report experiencing mistreatment, including humiliation by senior doctors,   1    threatened, or physical abuse in their first year out of medical school.

The findings come from analysis of the    2    a 13-page survey mailed in January 1991 to 1, 733 second-year residents. The survey and   3    appear in the April 15th issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Overall, out of the 1,277 residents   4    completed surveys, 1,185 said that they had experienced at least one incident of mistreatment in their intern year.   5     reporting incidents where they were abused, more than 45% of the residents said they had witnessed at least one incident where other persons    6     false medical records. Moreover, nearly three quarters of the residents said they had witnessed mistreatment of patients by other residents, attending physicians¹, or nurses. Almost 40% said patient mistreatment was a frequent   7    .

More than 10% of the residents said they were   8    to have enough sleep, and the average number of hours   9    sleep was 37.6. The average on-call hours during a    10     week was 56.9 hours, but about 25% of the residents said their on-call assignments were more than 80 hours some weeks.

   11     30% of the residents said they experienced some type of sexual harassment or discrimination, verbal abuse was the most common problem cited. When abusive incidents were limited to events occurring three or more times, 53% of the respondents reported that they    12    belittled or humiliated by more senior residents, while just over 21% reported someone taking credit for their work. Being “   13     tasks for² punishment,” “being pushed, kicked or hit,” and

   14     someone “threatening your reputation or career,” were reported as a more    15    occurrence by over 10% of the responding residents.

词汇：

verbal  /"vɜːb(ə)l/ adj. 言语(上)的

intern  /"ɪntɜːn/  n. 实习医师

respondent  /rɪ"spɒnd(ə)nt/  n.回答者

assignment  /ə"saɪnm(ə)nt/  n. 分配任务

belittle  /bɪ"lɪt(ə)l/  vt. 轻视；贬低

sexual  /"sekʃʊəl; -sjʊəl/  adj. 性的

humiliate  /hjʊ"mɪlɪeɪt/  vt.使蒙羞，使丢脸

harassment  /"hærəsm(ə)nt/ n. 骚扰

humiliation  /,hjuːmɪlɪ"eɪʃən/  n. 羞辱

discrimination  /dɪ,skrɪmɪ"neɪʃ(ə)n/  n. 歧视

resident  /"rezɪd(ə)nt/  adj.住院医生

abuse  /ə"bjuːz/  n.&vt. 虐待，凌辱

incident  /"ɪnsɪd(ə)nt/  n. 偶发事件，小事件

abusive  /ə"bjuːsɪv/  adj. 侮辱人的，说人坏话

witness  /"wɪtnɪs/  vt. 亲眼看见

注释：
1.attending physician:主治医师

2.take/get credit for…:因….而出名

空9

A:without B:on C:with D:because of

Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack

　　German researchers have   1   a new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection¹   2   sudden death from cardiac arrest.
　　In Germanyalone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases    3    by disruption to the heart’s rhythm. Those most at risk are patients who have    4    suffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in     5    disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds. These devices    6    a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.
　　Heart specialists atFreiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator     7    of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram (ECG) within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of    8  blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics inKaiserslauternhave developed new computer software that renders the evaluation of ECG data    9   
　　The overwhelming    10    of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs. Many of the current programs only   11     into account a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use    12    a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system²，”Hagen Knaf says, “    13    changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account³.” An old study of ECG data, based    14    600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show     15    the new software evaluates the data considerably better.

空9

A:precisely B:more precisely C:precision   D:more precise

Dreams

　　Everyone can dream. Indeed, everyone does dream. Those who    1    that they never dream at all actually dream    2    as frequently as the rest of us,    3    they may not remember anything about it. Even those of us who are perfectly     4     of dreaming night    5    night very seldom remember those dreams in    6    detail but¹ merely retain an untidy mixture of seemingly unrelated impressions. Dreams are not simply visual-we dream with all our    7    , so that we appear to experience sound, touch, smell, and taste.
　　One of the world’s oldest    8    written documents is the Egyptian Book of Dreams. This volume is about five thousand years old, so you can    9    that dreams were believed to have a special significance even then. Many ancient civilizations believed that you    10    never wake a sleeping person as, during sleep, the soul had left the body and might not be able to return     11     time if the sleeper were suddenly    12    .
　　From ancient times to the present²    13    , people have been   14    attempts to interpret dreams and to explain their significance. There are many books available on the subject of dream interpretation, although unfortunately there are almost as many meanings for a particular dream    15     there are books.

词汇：
frequently /"friːkwəntlɪ/ adv.频繁地，经常地；时常，屡次

seldom /"seldəm/ adv.很少，不常

retain /riˈtein/ vt.保持，记住

significance /sɪg"nɪfɪkəns/ n.重要性，意义

civilisation /,sɪvɪlaɪ"zeɪʃən/ n.文明，文化

interpret /ɪn"tɜːprɪt/ vt.解释，说明，口译

interpretation /ɪntɜːprɪ"teɪʃən/ n.解释，口译

注释：

1．...very seldom remember those dreams in detail but merely retain an untidy mixture...but...不……而是……
2．From ancient times to the present...从古至今……

空9

A:awoke B:awoken C:awake D:awaken

The First Bicycle

    The history of the bicycle goes back more than 200 years. In 1791, Count de Sivrac (1) ______ onlookers in a park in Parisas he showed off his two-wheeled invention, a machine called the celerifere. It was basically an (2) ______ version of a children’s toy which had been in (3) ______ for many years. Sivrac’s “celerifere” had a wooden frame, made in the (4) ______ of horse, which was mounted on a wheel at either end¹. To ride it, you sat on a small seat, just like a modern bicycle, and pushed (5) ______ against the (6) ______ with your legs — there were no pedals. It was impossible to steer a celerifere and it had no brakes, but despite these problems the invention very much (7) ______to the fashionable young men ofParis. Soon they were (8) ______ races up and down the streets.

    Minor (9) ______ were common as riders attempted a final burst of² (10) ______. Controlling the machine was difficult, as the only way to change (11) ______ was to pull up the front of the “celerifere” and (12) ______ it round while the front wheel was (13) ______ in the air. “Celeriferes” were not popular for long, however, as the (14) ______ of no springs, no steering and rough roads made riding them very uncomfortable. Even so, the wooden celerifere was the (15) ______ of the modern bicycle.

词汇：

count /kaʊnt / n．伯爵

onlooker /ˈɒnlʊkə / n．观众

pedal /"pedl / n．踏板，脚蹬子

steer /stɪə /v．驾驶，操纵，控制

brake /breɪk/ n．闸，刹车

burst /bɜ:st /v．爆发，突发，爆炸

spring /sprɪŋ / n．弹簧

rough /rʌf / adj．粗糙的，不平整的

注释：

1....which was mounted on a wheel at either end:……两端都装上了轮子

空9

A:wounds B:trips C:injuries D:breaks

Global Warming

2. …in favour of more money being spent on…：……赞成把钱花在……

空9

A:force B:pressure C:persuasion D:encouragement

2014年前9个月江苏钢材产量稳步增长，其中1—2月产量为1932万吨，累计同比增长10. 0％；3月产量为1127万吨，1—3月累计同比增长8. 5％；4月产量为 1013万吨，1—4月累计同比增长7. 3％； 5月产量为1156万吨，1—5月累计同比增长6. 1％；6月产量为1236万吨，1—6月累计同比增长6. 3％；7月产量为1094万吨，1—7月累计同比增长4. 9％；8月产量为1050万吨，1—8月累计同比增长3. 8％；9月产量为1149万吨，1—9月累计同比增长3. 7％。1—9月江苏生铁、粗钢产量及其同比增长情况如下图：2014年1—9月江苏生铁、粗钢产量及同比增长率

2014年9月江苏钢材产量约是生铁产量的（ ）。

A:1. 5倍 B:1. 9倍 C:2. 2倍 D:2. 4倍

2014年前9个月江苏钢材产量稳步增长，其中1—2月产量为1932万吨，累计同比增长10. 0％；3月产量为1127万吨，1—3月累计同比增长8. 5％；4月产量为 1013万吨，1—4月累计同比增长7. 3％； 5月产量为1156万吨，1—5月累计同比增长6. 1％；6月产量为1236万吨，1—6月累计同比增长6. 3％；7月产量为1094万吨，1—7月累计同比增长4. 9％；8月产量为1050万吨，1—8月累计同比增长3. 8％；9月产量为1149万吨，1—9月累计同比增长3. 7％。1—9月江苏生铁、粗钢产量及其同比增长情况如下图：2014年1—9月江苏生铁、粗钢产量及同比增长率

2014年6—9月江苏粗钢产量同比增长率最低的月份是（ ）。

A:6月 B:7月 C:8月 D:9月

2014年1—9月我国入境外国游客中，来自亚洲1182. 9万人，其中男性785. 9万人，女性397. 0万人；日本、韩国男性分别为160. 5万人、191. 3万人，女性分别为38. 7万人、116. 4万人。来自美洲227. 8万人，其中男性142. 3万人，女性85. 5万人；美国、加拿大男性分别为98. 3万人、27. 6万人，女性分别为 55. 7万人、20. 9万人。来自欧洲408. 7万人，其中男性247. 2万人，女性161. 5万人；英国、德国、法国、俄罗斯男性分别30. 8万人、35. 3万人、24. 8万人、13. 9万人，女性分别为13. 4万人，12. 7万人、13. 0万人、4. 4万人。来自大洋洲58. 3万人，其中男性35. 6万人，女性22. 7万人；澳大利亚男性为29. 5万人，女性为18. 8万人。分年龄段的来自部分国家的入境人数见下表。

2014年1—9月来自德国的入境游客中，25—45岁的游客人数是15岁以下游客人数的
（ ）。

A:10. 3倍 B:9. 3倍 C:9. 9倍 D:8. 9倍

2014年前9个月江苏钢材产量稳步增长，其中1—2月产量为1932万吨，累计同比增长10. 0％；3月产量为1127万吨，1—3月累计同比增长8. 5％；4月产量为 1013万吨，1—4月累计同比增长7. 3％； 5月产量为1156万吨，1—5月累计同比增长6. 1％；6月产量为1236万吨，1—6月累计同比增长6. 3％；7月产量为1094万吨，1—7月累计同比增长4. 9％；8月产量为1050万吨，1—8月累计同比增长3. 8％；9月产量为1149万吨，1—9月累计同比增长3. 7％。1—9月江苏生铁、粗钢产量及其同比增长情况如下图：2014年1—9月江苏生铁、粗钢产量及同比增长率

2014年9月江苏钢材产量约是生铁产量的（ ）。

A:1. 5倍 B:1. 9倍 C:2. 2倍 D:2. 4倍

2014年前9个月江苏钢材产量稳步增长，其中1—2月产量为1932万吨，累计同比增长10. 0％；3月产量为1127万吨，1—3月累计同比增长8. 5％；4月产量为 1013万吨，1—4月累计同比增长7. 3％； 5月产量为1156万吨，1—5月累计同比增长6. 1％；6月产量为1236万吨，1—6月累计同比增长6. 3％；7月产量为1094万吨，1—7月累计同比增长4. 9％；8月产量为1050万吨，1—8月累计同比增长3. 8％；9月产量为1149万吨，1—9月累计同比增长3. 7％。1—9月江苏生铁、粗钢产量及其同比增长情况如下图：2014年1—9月江苏生铁、粗钢产量及同比增长率

2014年6—9月江苏粗钢产量同比增长率最低的月份是（ ）。

A:6月 B:7月 C:8月 D:9月