The American screen has long been a smoky place, at least since 1942’s Now, Voyager, in which Bette Davis and Paul Henreid showed how to make and seal a romantic deal over a pair of cigarettes that were smoldering as much as the stars. Today cigarettes are more common on screen than at any other time since midcentury: 75% of all Hollywood films—including 36% of those rated G or PG—show tobacco use, according to a 2006 survey by the University of California, San Francisco.
Audiences, especially kids, are taking notice. Two recent studies, published in Lancet and Pediatrics, have found that among children as young as 10, those exposed to the most screen smoking are up to 2.7 times as likely as others to pick up the habit. Worse, it’s the ones from nonsmoking homes who are hit the hardest. Now the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH)—the folks behind the designated-driver campaign—are pushing to get the smokes off the screen. "Some movies show kids up to 14 incidents of smoking per hour," says Barry Bloom, HSPH’s dean. "We’re in the business of preventing disease, and cigarettes are the No. 1 preventable cause."
Harvard long believed that getting cigarettes out of movies could have as powerful an effect, but it wouldn’t be easy. Cigarette makers had a history of striking product-placement deals with Hollywood, and while the 1998 tobacco settlement prevents that, nothing stops directors from incorporating smoking into scenes on their own. In 1999 Harvard began holding one-on-one meetings with studio execs trying to change that, and last year the Motion Picture Association of America flung the door open, inviting Bloom to make a presentation in February to all the studios. Harvard’s advice was direct: Get the butts entirely out, or at least make smoking unappealing.
A few films provide a glimpse of what a no-smoking or low-smoking Hollywood would be like. Producer Lindsay Doran, who once helped persuade director John Hughes to keep Ferris Bueller smoke-free in the 1980s hit, wanted to de the same for the leads of her 2006 movie Stranger Than Fiction. When a writer convinced her that the character played by Emma Thompson had to smoke, Doran relented, but from the way Thompson hacks her way through the film and snuffs out her cigarettes in a palmful of spit, it’s clear the glamour’s gone. And remember all the smoking in The Devil Wears Prada No That’s because the producers of that film kept it out entirely—even in a story that travels from the US fashion world to Paris, two of the most tobacco-happy places on earth. "No one smoked in that movie," says Doran, "and no one noticed."
Such movies are hardly the rule, but the pressure is growing. Like smokers, studios may conclude that quitting the habit is not just a lot healthier but also a lot smarter.
Why the author mentioned Now, Voyager

A:Smoke on screen can make romance. B:To show American screen was full of cigarette smoke. C:To explain why cigarettes are easier to get than past. D:The romantic Hollywood movie is a typical example of smoky screen.

The American screen has long been a smoky place, at least since 1942’s Now, Voyager, in which Bette Davis and Paul Henreid showed how to make and seal a romantic deal over a pair of cigarettes that were smoldering as much as the stars. Today cigarettes are more common on screen than at any other time since midcentury: 75% of all Hollywood films—including 36% of those rated G or PG—show tobacco use, according to a 2006 survey by the University of California, San Francisco.
Audiences, especially kids, are taking notice. Two recent studies, published in Lancet and Pediatrics, have found that among children as young as 10, those exposed to the most screen smoking are up to 2.7 times as likely as others to pick up the habit. Worse, it’s the ones from nonsmoking homes who are hit the hardest. Now the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH)—the folks behind the designated-driver campaign—are pushing to get the smokes off the screen. "Some movies show kids up to 14 incidents of smoking per hour," says Barry Bloom, HSPH’s dean. "We’re in the business of preventing disease, and cigarettes are the No. 1 preventable cause."
Harvard long believed that getting cigarettes out of movies could have as powerful an effect, but it wouldn’t be easy. Cigarette makers had a history of striking product-placement deals with Hollywood, and while the 1998 tobacco settlement prevents that, nothing stops directors from incorporating smoking into scenes on their own. In 1999 Harvard began holding one-on-one meetings with studio execs trying to change that, and last year the Motion Picture Association of America flung the door open, inviting Bloom to make a presentation in February to all the studios. Harvard’s advice was direct: Get the butts entirely out, or at least make smoking unappealing.
A few films provide a glimpse of what a no-smoking or low-smoking Hollywood would be like. Producer Lindsay Doran, who once helped persuade director John Hughes to keep Ferris Bueller smoke-free in the 1980s hit, wanted to de the same for the leads of her 2006 movie Stranger Than Fiction. When a writer convinced her that the character played by Emma Thompson had to smoke, Doran relented, but from the way Thompson hacks her way through the film and snuffs out her cigarettes in a palmful of spit, it’s clear the glamour’s gone. And remember all the smoking in The Devil Wears Prada No That’s because the producers of that film kept it out entirely—even in a story that travels from the US fashion world to Paris, two of the most tobacco-happy places on earth. "No one smoked in that movie," says Doran, "and no one noticed."
Such movies are hardly the rule, but the pressure is growing. Like smokers, studios may conclude that quitting the habit is not just a lot healthier but also a lot smarter.

A:Smoke on screen can make romance. B:To show American screen was full of cigarette smoke. C:To explain why cigarettes are easier to get than past. D:The romantic Hollywood movie is a typical example of smoky screen.

Today a pilot is totally dependent on what the air traffic controller on the ground tells him. He can’t see enough to be safe. Flight watch is an instrument intended to help him.
On a screen in front of the pilot, there will be a map of the (21) around the plane. The pilot’s own (22) level or height and his own plane at the center of the (23) will show up. On the map any other planes in the airspace will (24) as spots of light with "tails" showing the direction of their light. The flight watch map is (25) for the other planes are not shown at their true (26) , but at their distances away in flying time. This (27) the problem of fast planes being too far away to be seen (28) likely to make contact in seconds and (29) planes that are close enough to be seen but so slow that there’s no chance of (30) for, say, ten minutes.
The pilot will be able to see on the screen whether another plane’s course conflicts with (31) . The screen will show him the flight number of the other plane, so he can contact air traffic control and ask them about the other plane’s course. Then he can take (32) action if necessary. The screen will show him whether his action puts him (33) from yet another aircraft.
Technically, the (34) will be quite complex. Computers will be necessary on the ground and (35) each aircraft to enable Flight watch to collect data about the plane courses and to calculate the distances between planes. But such small computers are now quite cheap, simple and reliable.

A:space B:screen C:sky D:map

Today a pilot is totally dependent on what the air traffic controller on the ground tells him. He can’t see enough to be safe. Flight watch is an instrument intended to help him.
On a screen in front of the pilot, there will be a map of the (21) around the plane. The pilot’s own (22) level or height and his own plane at the center of the (23) will show up. On the map any other planes in the airspace will (24) as spots of light with "tails" showing the direction of their light. The flight watch map is (25) for the other planes are not shown at their true (26) , but at their distances away in flying time. This (27) the problem of fast planes being too far away to be seen (28) likely to make contact in seconds and (29) planes that are close enough to be seen but so slow that there’s no chance of (30) for, say, ten minutes.
The pilot will be able to see on the screen whether another plane’s course conflicts with (31) . The screen will show him the flight number of the other plane, so he can contact air traffic control and ask them about the other plane’s course. Then he can take (32) action if necessary. The screen will show him whether his action puts him (33) from yet another aircraft.
Technically, the (34) will be quite complex. Computers will be necessary on the ground and (35) each aircraft to enable Flight watch to collect data about the plane courses and to calculate the distances between planes. But such small computers are now quite cheap, simple and reliable.

A:plane B:screen C:system D:action

Today a pilot is totally dependent on what the air traffic controller on the ground tells him. He can’t see enough to be safe. Flight watch is an instrument intended to help him.
On a screen in front of the pilot, there will be a map of the (21) around the plane. The pilot’s own (22) level or height and his own plane at the center of the (23) will show up. On the map any other planes in the airspace will (24) as spots of light with "tails" showing the direction of their light. The flight watch map is (25) for the other planes are not shown at their true (26) , but at their distances away in flying time. This (27) the problem of fast planes being too far away to be seen (28) likely to make contact in seconds and (29) planes that are close enough to be seen but so slow that there’s no chance of (30) for, say, ten minutes.
The pilot will be able to see on the screen whether another plane’s course conflicts with (31) . The screen will show him the flight number of the other plane, so he can contact air traffic control and ask them about the other plane’s course. Then he can take (32) action if necessary. The screen will show him whether his action puts him (33) from yet another aircraft.
Technically, the (34) will be quite complex. Computers will be necessary on the ground and (35) each aircraft to enable Flight watch to collect data about the plane courses and to calculate the distances between planes. But such small computers are now quite cheap, simple and reliable.

A:space B:screen C:sky D:map

Today a pilot is totally dependent on what the air traffic controller on the ground tells him. He can’t see enough to be safe. Flight watch is an instrument intended to help him.
On a screen in front of the pilot, there will be a map of the (21) around the plane. The pilot’s own (22) level or height and his own plane at the center of the (23) will show up. On the map any other planes in the airspace will (24) as spots of light with "tails" showing the direction of their light. The flight watch map is (25) for the other planes are not shown at their true (26) , but at their distances away in flying time. This (27) the problem of fast planes being too far away to be seen (28) likely to make contact in seconds and (29) planes that are close enough to be seen but so slow that there’s no chance of (30) for, say, ten minutes.
The pilot will be able to see on the screen whether another plane’s course conflicts with (31) . The screen will show him the flight number of the other plane, so he can contact air traffic control and ask them about the other plane’s course. Then he can take (32) action if necessary. The screen will show him whether his action puts him (33) from yet another aircraft.
Technically, the (34) will be quite complex. Computers will be necessary on the ground and (35) each aircraft to enable Flight watch to collect data about the plane courses and to calculate the distances between planes. But such small computers are now quite cheap, simple and reliable.

A:plane B:screen C:system D:action

第一篇 Eye-tracker Lots You Drag and Drop Files with a Glance Bored of using a mouse? Soon you’ll be able to change stuff on your computer screen – and then move it directly onto your smartphone or tablet(平板电脑) –with nothing more than a glance. A system called EyeDrop uses a head-mounted eye tracker that simultaneously records your field of view so it knows where you are looking on the screen. Gazing at an object – a photo, say – and then pressing a key, selects that object. It can then be moved from the screen to a tablet or smartphone just by glancing at the second device, as long as the two are connected wirelessly. "The beauty of using gaze to support this is that our eyes naturally focus on content that we want to acquire, "says Jayson Turner, who developed the system with colleagues at Lancaster University, UK. Turner believes EyeDrop would be useful to transfer an interactive map or contact information from a public display to your smartphone or for sharing photos. A button needs to be used to select the object you are looking at otherwise you end up with the "Midas touch"(点石成金) effect, whereby everything you look at gets selected by your gaze, says Turner. "Imagine if your mouse clicked on everything it pointed at," he says. Christian Holz, a researcher in human-computer interaction at Yahoo Labs in Sunnyvale, California, says the system is a nice take on getting round this fundamental problem of using gaze-tracking to interact. "EyeDrop solves this in a slick (灵巧的)way by combining it with input on the touch devices we carry with us most of the time anyway and using touch input as a clutching mechanism," he says. "This now allows users to seamlessly(无缝地) interact across devices far and close in a very natural manner." 　　While current eye-trackers are rather bulky, mainstream consumer devices are not too far away. Swedish firm Tobii is developing gaze-tracking technology that can be installed in laptops and tablets and is expected to be available to buy next year. And the Google Glass headset is expected to include eye-tracking in the future. 　　Turner says he has also looked at how content can be cut and pasted or drag-and-dropped using a mix of gaze and taps on a touch screen. The system was presented at the Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia in Sweden, last week. The eye-tracker technology enables us to______

A:change our computer screen. B:focus on anything that interests us. C:get a smartphone connected wirelessly. D:move an object from screen with a glance.

第二篇 Eye-tracker Lots You Drag and Drop Files with a Glance Bored of using a mouse? Soon you’ll be able to change stuff on your computer screen – and then move it directly onto your smartphone or tablet(平板电脑) –with nothing more than a glance. A system called EyeDrop uses a head-mounted eye tracker that simultaneously records your field of view so it knows where you are looking on the screen. Gazing at an object – a photo, say – and then pressing a key, selects that object. It can then be moved from the screen to a tablet or smartphone just by glancing at the second device, as long as the two are connected wirelessly. "The beauty of using gaze to support this is that our eyes naturally focus on content that we want to acquire," says Jayson Turner, who developed the system with colleagues at Lancaster University, UK. Turner believes EyeDrop would be useful to transfer an interactive map or contact information from a public display to your smartphone or for sharing photos. A button needs to be used to select the object you are looking at otherwise you end up with the "Midas touch"(点石成金) effect, whereby everything you look at gets selected by your gaze, says Turner. "Imagine if your mouse clicked on everything it pointed at," he says. Christian Holz, a researcher in human-computer interaction at Yahoo Labs in Sunnyvale, California, says the system is a nice take on getting round this fundamental problem of using gaze-tracking to interact. "EyeDrop solves this in a slick (灵巧的)way by combining it with input on the touch devices we carry with us most of the time anyway and using touch input as a clutching mechanism," he says. "This now allows users to seamlessly(无缝地) interact across devices far and close in a very natural manner." While current eye-trackers are rather bulky, mainstream consumer devices are not too far away. Swedish firm Tobii is developing gaze-tracking technology that can be installed in laptops and tablets and is expected to be available to buy next year. And the Google Glass headset is expected to include eye-tracking in the future. Turner says he has also looked at how content can be cut and pasted or drag-and-dropped using a mix of gaze and taps on a touchscreen. The system was presented at the Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia in Sweden, last week. The eye-tracker technology enables us to __________ .

A:change our computer screen. B:focus on anything that interests us. C:get a smartphone connected wirelessly. D:move an object from screen with a glance.