The Paper Chase

    1. "Running a house¹ is lot like running a business." says Stephanie Denton, a professional organizer based in ²Cincinnati, Ohio, who specializes in both residential and commercial paperwork and record keeping. To get a successful grip on³ organizing documents, bills, and other materials,Dentonsuggests the following tips:

    2. Create a space in which you can always do your paperwork. This is perhaps the most important element of a successful system. If you can"t devote an entire desk to the task, at least invest in a rolling file cart to store active paperwork and a two-drawer file cabinet for family records. Store the rolling file cart wherever it is most convenient and comfortable to do your work. whether that is the kitchen, office, or family room.⁴

    3. When in doubt, throw it out, the first step to implementing a workable filling system is to eliminate paper you don"t use, don"t need, or that you could easily access again elsewhere. Throw out duplicate statements, old catalogs, and all of the coupons, mailings, or offerings you"ll never have an opportunity to use or even read.

    4. Set aside two days a month to pay bills, if a monthly due date doesn"t fit into your cycle, call up the creditor and suggest a more convenient date, keep two manila folders⁵ at the front of your system for current bills — one to correspond with each bill-paying day — and file all incoming bills. Keep a list in the front of each folder of what needs to be paid in case⁶ the invoice never arrives or gets misplaces.

    5. Think of your filling system not as a rigid tool, but as a living, breathing system that can accommodate your changing needs. A good filling system is both mentally and physically flexible, everyone"s needs are different, saysDenton, but when devising a filling system, ask yourself: "Where would I look for this?" Create main headings for your filling system, such as investments, Taxes, Children, and so forth, and file individual folders under the main headings. Never overstuff your files.

词汇：

paperwork /"peɪpəwɜːk/ n.文书工作

overstuff /,əʊvə"stʌf/ vt.把……塞得过满

statement /"steɪtm(ə)nt/ n.账目

duplicate /"djuːplɪkət/ adj.复制的

correspond /kɒrɪ"spɒnd/ vt.与……一致、和谐或相配

mailing /"meɪlɪŋ/ n.邮件

incoming /"ɪnkʌmɪŋ/ adj.将要或正要进来的

creditor /"kredɪtə/ n.债权人

misplace /mɪs"pleɪs/ vt.把……放错地方

invoice /"ɪnvɒɪs/ n.发票

heading /"hedɪŋ/ n.标题

rigid /"rɪdʒɪd/ adj.呆板的,僵硬的

注释：

1.running a house：打理一所房子。run在这里是“管理”的意思。又如：He"s been running a testaurant since he left school

2.base…in…：在……为……设立基础、提供基础。又如：They based the new company in Portland

3.get a grip on：抓住，控制，掌握。又如：getting a grip on the new technique

4.family room：家庭游艺室，指用于家庭成员娱乐的房间

5.manila folders：马尼拉折叠夹

B. in paper chase

C. that it is easily reached

D. that different people have different requirements

E. they are not comfortable

F. in investing in coupons

You can put your file cart anywhere you like, on condition ______.

A:A B:B C:C D:D E:E F:F

Sleep Lets Brain File Memories¹

    To sleep. Perchance to file?² Findings published online this week by the Proceedings³ of the National Academy of Sciences further support the theory that the brain organizes and stows memories formed during the day while the rest of the body is catching zzz"s⁴.
　　Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers University⁵ and his colleagues analyzed the brain waves of sleeping rats and mice. Specifically, they examined the electrical activity emanating from⁶ the somatosensory neocortex⁷ (an area that processes sensory information) and the hippocampus⁸, which is a center for learning and memory. The scientists found that oscillations in brain waves from the two regions appear to be intertwined. So-called sleep spindles (bursts of activity from the neocortex) were followed tens of milliseconds⁹ later by beats in the hippocampus known as ripples. The team posits that this interplay between the two brain regions is a key step in memory consolidation.

A second study, also published online this week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, links age-associated memory decline¹⁰ to high glucose levels.
　　Previous research had shown that individuals with diabetes suffer from increased memory problems. In the new work, Antonio Convit of New York University School of Medicine and his collaborators studied 30 people whose average age was 69 to investigate whether sugar levels, which tend to increase with age, affect memory in healthy people as well. The scientists administered¹¹ recall tests, brain scans and glucose tolerance tests, which measure how quickly sugar is absorbed from the blood by the body"s tissues. Subjects with the poorest memory recollection, the team discovered, also displayed the poorest glucose tolerance. In addition, their brain scans showed more hippocampus shrinkage than those of subjects better able to absorb blood sugar.
　　"Our study suggests that this impairment¹² may contribute to the memory deficits¹³ that occur as people age." Convit says. "And it raises the intriguing possibility that improving glucose tolerance could reverse some age-associated problems in cognition.¹⁴" Exercise and weight control can help keep glucose levels in check¹⁵, so there may be one more reason to go to the gym.

词汇：

perchance/ pə(:)ˈtʃɑ:ns/adv. 偶然；可能

online/ ˌɒnˈlaɪn/adj.&adv. 在线的
stow / stəʊ/v. 贮藏，堆装

emanate/ "eməneɪt/v. 发源
somatosensory / ˌsəʊmətəʊ"sensərɪ/adj.体觉的

neocortex / ˌniəuˈkɔ:teks/n. 新（大脑）皮质
oscillation / ˌɒsɪˈleɪʃn/n. 振荡

intertwine / ˌɪntə"twaɪn/v.  缠绕
spindle/ "spɪndl/n. 纺锤体

ripple / "rɪpl/n. 波动，脉动
diabetes/ ˌdaɪəˈbi:ti:z/n . 糖尿病

recollection / ˌrekəˈlekʃn/n. 回忆
shrinkage / ˈʃrɪŋkɪdʒ/n. 收缩

impairment/ ɪmˈpeəmənt/n. 损伤
intrigue  / ɪn"tri:ɡ/v.引起……兴趣（或好奇心）

cognition / kɒgˈnɪʃn/n. 认识

注释：

1. file memories：归档并储存记忆。 file：意为 "to put or keep (papers,etc. ) in useful order for storage or reference"（把…归档）。
2. To sleep. Perchance to file? ：从莎士比亚笔下哈姆雷特的独白中的名句" To sleep: perchance to dream. "改编而来。
3. the Proceedings: (科学文献、会议文献)汇编，常用复数形式。
4. zzz：（拟声词）打鼾声
5. Rutgers University：美国新泽西州立大学 (the State University of New Jersey)。
6. emanating from：发源于。
7. neocortex：新(大脑)皮质，尤指大的高等哺乳动物大脑中新生长的部分，也叫做 neopallium。neo-：前縀，意思是"新的"。
8. thehippocampus：大脑侧面脑室壁上的隆起物，也称"海马状突起"，在泛记过程中起主要作用。
9. tens of milliseconds：几十毫秒
10. age-associated memory decline：与年龄相关的记忆衰退
11. administer：实施
12. this impairment：指上句中 hippocampus shrinkage.
13. memory deficits：记忆衰退
14. … the intriguing possibility that improving glucose tolerance could reverse some age-associated problems in cognition：令人兴奋的可能性，即不断改善葡萄糖容许量可以完全改变对某些与年龄相关的认知问题。
15. keep glucose levels in check：限制葡萄糖水平。 in check：在控制中，被阻止。

Which of the following statements is nearest in meaning to the sentence "To sleep. Perchance to file?"?

A:Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep? B:Does brain have memories when one is sleeping? C:Does brain remember files after one falls asleep? D:Does brain work on files in sleep?

Reset File的快捷键是（）。

A:Ctrl+R B:A1t+R C:Shift+R D:Ctrl+Shift+R

以下哪些命令能找到文件file1和file2不同之处并显示出来：（）

A:cmp file1 file2 B:diff file1 file2 C:more file1 file2

The （1） turns the source file into an object file and the （2） turns the object file into an executable file.

A:translator B:compiler C:interpreter D:linker

File infectors are also called______viruses．

A:filter B:parasail C:parasitic D:attack

java.io包的File类是【 】

A:字符流类 B:字节流类 C:对象流类 D:非流类

执行下列命令后，当前打开的数据库文件名是 Number="3" File="File"+Number USE &File

A:File3 B:&File C:FileNumber D:File

java.io包的File类是【 】

A:字符流类 B:字节流类 C:对象流类 D:非流类